伟大作曲家之肖斯塔科维奇

德米特里·肖斯塔科维奇（Dmitri Shostakovich），1906年9月25日出生于俄国圣彼得堡，1975年8月9日逝世于莫斯科。作有15首交响曲、15首弦乐四重奏、两部歌剧、一部轻歌剧、六首协奏曲、三部芭蕾舞剧、36部电影配乐以及室内乐等各种形式的音乐作品。这些作品确立了一种将时代感与个性融为一体的新的音乐语言，奠定了肖斯塔科维奇作为20世纪最伟大的作曲家之一的不朽地位。
Dmitri Dmitriyevich Shostakovich (Russian: About this sound Дмитрий Дмитриевич Шостакович (help·info), tr. Dmitrij Dmitrievič Šostakovič) (25 September [O.S. September 12] 1906 – 9 August 1975) was a Soviet Russian composer and one of the most celebrated composers of the 20th century.
Shostakovich achieved fame in the Soviet Union under the patronage of Leon Trotsky's chief of staff Mikhail Tukhachevsky, but later had a complex and difficult relationship with the Stalinist bureaucracy. His music was officially denounced twice, in 1936 and 1948, and was periodically banned. Yet he also received accolades and state awards and served in the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR. Despite the official controversy, his works were popular and well received.
After a period influenced by Prokofiev and Stravinsky, Shostakovich developed a hybrid style, as exemplified by his opera Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District (1934). This single work juxtaposed a wide variety of trends, including the neo-classical style (showing the influence of Stravinsky) and post-Romanticism (after Mahler). Sharp contrasts and elements of the grotesque[1] characterize much of his music.
Shostakovich's orchestral works include 15 symphonies and six concerti. His music for chamber ensembles includes 15 string quartets, a piano quintet, two pieces for a string octet, and two piano trios. For the piano he composed two solo sonatas, an early set of preludes, and a later set of 24 preludes and fugues. Other works include two operas, and a substantial quantity of film music.