古代近东史

简介

目录

序 ·········································································· i
著者说明 ·····································································v
第1 章 导言 ·······························································1
1.1 何谓古代近东？ ················································1
1.2 史料 ······························································5
1.3 地理 ······························································9
1.4 史前时代的发展 ·············································· 15
第一部分 城邦
第2 章 起源：乌鲁克现象 ············································ 29
2.1 城市的起源 ··················································· 30
2.2 书写和社会管理的发展 ····································· 42
2.3 乌鲁克扩张 ··················································· 52
2.4 乌鲁克的影响 ················································ 57
第3 章 城邦纷争：早王朝时期 ······································ 61
3.1 文字史料和史料的利用 ····································· 62
3.2 美索不达米亚南部的政治发展 ···························· 67
3.3 更广阔的近东 ················································ 78
3.4 早王朝时期的社会 ··········································· 83
3.5 书吏文化 ······················································ 88
第4 章 政治权力的集中：公元前三千纪晚期 ····················· 94
4.1 阿卡德的国王 ················································ 95
4.2 乌尔第三王朝 ··············································· 110
第5 章 公元前两千纪早期的近东 ··································126
5.1 游牧民和定居者 ·············································130
5.2 巴比伦尼亚 ··················································134
5.3 亚述和东方 ··················································141
5.4 马瑞和西方 ··················································150
第6 章 公元前两千纪早期区域性国家的发展 ····················159
6.1 沙马什- 阿达德和上美索不达米亚王国 ················161
6.2 汉穆拉比的巴比伦 ··········································166
6.3 古赫梯王国 ··················································179
6.4 “黑暗时代” ··················································184
第二部分 区域国家
第7 章 强国俱乐部····················································193
7.1 政治体系 ·····················································195
7.2 政治互动：外交和贸易 ····································201
7.3 区域竞争：战争 ·············································213
7.4 共同的意识形态和社会组织 ······························215
第8 章 公元前两千纪晚期的西部国家 ····························224
8.1 米坦尼 ························································225
8.2 新赫梯王国 ··················································233
8.3 叙利亚- 巴勒斯坦地区 ····································243
第9 章 加喜特人、亚述人和埃兰人 ·······························257
9.1 巴比伦 ························································259
9.2 亚述 ···························································268
9.3 中埃兰王国 ··················································275
第10 章 区域体系的衰落及其影响 ·································285
10.1 历史事件 ····················································286
10.2 解释 ··························································295
10.3 影响 ··························································300
第三部分 帝国
第11 章 公元前一千纪初期的近东 ·································315
11.1 东部国家 ····················································316
11.2 西部 ··························································328
第12 章 亚述的崛起 ··················································346
12.1 亚述帝国主义的模式 ·····································347
12.2 历史记录 ····················································357
12.3 公元前9 世纪的扩张 ·····································359
12.4 亚述本土的衰落 ···········································368
第13 章 亚述的世界霸权 ············································374
13.1 帝国体系的建立 ···········································375
13.2 击败强敌 ····················································380
13.3 帝国的行政管理与政治理念 ·····························390
13.4 亚述文化 ····················································393
13.5 亚述的灭亡 ·················································401
第14 章 米底人与巴比伦尼亚人 ····································408
14.1 米底人和安纳托利亚诸国 ································410
14.2 新巴比伦王朝 ··············································416
第15 章 世界帝国的建立：波斯 ····································437
15.1 史料和挑战 ·················································438
15.2 波斯的兴起和扩张 ········································440
15.3 被征服国家的统治 ········································447
15.4 帝国体系的建立 ···········································453
第16 章 世界帝国的统治：波斯 ····································463
16.1 政治演变 ····················································463
16.2 帝国的行政管理 ···········································469
16.3 帝国的地方治理 ···········································475
16.4 帝国的灭亡 ·················································484
后记 ·······································································491
王表 ·······································································493
拓展阅读指南 ····························································508
参考书目 ··································································519
综合年代表 ·······························································545
索引和译名对照表 ······················································550