Place: Paris and its vicinity Time: Beginning of the 19th century Act 1 The salon in Violetta's house Violetta Valéry, a famed courtesan, throws a lavish party at her Paris salon to celebrate her recovery from an illness. Gastone, a viscount, has brought with him a friend, Alfredo Germont, a young bourgeois from a provincial family who has long adored Violetta from afar. While walking to the salon, Gastone tells Violetta that Alfredo loves her, and that while she was ill, he came to her house every day. Alfredo joins them, admitting the truth of Gastone's remarks. Baron Douphol, Violetta's current lover, waits nearby to escort her to the salon; once there, the Baron is asked to give a toast, but refuses, and the crowd turns to Alfredo, who agrees to sing a brindisi – a drinking song (Alfredo, Violetta, chorus: Libiamo ne' lieti calici – "Let's drink from the joyful cups"). From the next room, the sound of the orchestra is heard and the guests move there to dance. After a series of severe coughs and almost fainting, Violetta begins to feel dizzy and asks her guests to go ahead and to leave her to rest until she recovers. While the guests dance in the next room, Violetta looks at her pale face in her mirror. Alfredo enters and expresses his concern for her fragile health, later declaring his love for her (Alfredo, Violetta: Un dì, felice, eterea – "One day, happy and ethereal"). At first, she rejects him because his love means nothing to her, but there is something about Alfredo that touches her heart. He is about to leave when she gives him a flower, telling him to return it when it has wilted, which will be the very next day. After the guests leave, Violetta wonders if Alfredo could actually be the one in her life (Violetta: È strano! ... Ah, fors' è lui – "Ah, perhaps he is the one"). But she concludes that she needs freedom to live her life (Violetta, Alfredo: Sempre libera – "Always free"). From off stage, Alfredo's voice is heard singing about love as he walks down the street. Act 2 Scene 1: Violetta's country house outside Paris Three months later, Alfredo and Violetta are living together in a peaceful country house outside Paris. Violetta has fallen in love with Alfredo and she has completely abandoned her former life. Alfredo sings of their happy life together (Alfredo: De' miei bollenti spiriti / Il giovanile ardore – "The youthful ardor of my ebullient spirits"). Annina, the maid, arrives from Paris, and, when questioned by Alfredo, tells him that she went there to sell the horses, carriages and everything owned by Violetta to support their country lifestyle. Alfredo is shocked to learn this and leaves for Paris immediately to settle matters himself. Violetta returns home and receives an invitation from her friend, Flora, to a party in Paris that evening. Alfredo's father, Giorgio Germont, is announced and demands that she break off her relationship with his son for the sake of his family, since he reveals that Violetta's relationship with Alfredo has threatened his daughter's engagement (Giorgio: Pura siccome un angelo, Iddio mi diè una figlia – "Pure as an angel, God gave me a daughter") because of Violetta's reputation. Meanwhile, he reluctantly becomes impressed by Violetta's nobility, something which he did not expect from a courtesan. She responds that she cannot end the relationship because she loves him so much, but Giorgio pleads with her for the sake of his family. With growing remorse, she finally agrees (Violetta, Giorgio: Dite alla giovine, sì bella e pura, – "Tell the young girl, so beautiful and pure,") and says goodbye to Giorgio. In a gesture of gratitude for her kindness and sacrifice, Giorgio kisses her forehead before leaving her weeping alone. Violetta gives a note to Annina to send to Flora accepting the party invitation and, as she is writing a farewell letter to Alfredo, he enters. She can barely control her sadness and tears; she tells him repeatedly of her unconditional love (Violetta: Amami, Alfredo, amami quant'io t'amo – "Love me, Alfredo, love me as I love you"). Before rushing out and setting off for Paris, she hands the farewell letter to her servant to give to Alfredo. Soon, the servant brings the letter to Alfredo and, as soon as he has read it, Giorgio returns and attempts to comfort his son, reminding him of his family in Provence (Giorgio: Di Provenza il mar, il suol chi dal cor ti cancellò? – "Who erased the sea, the land of Provence from your heart?"). Alfredo suspects that the Baron is behind his separation with Violetta, and the party invitation, which he finds on the desk, strengthens his suspicions. He decides to confront Violetta at the party. Giorgio tries to stop Alfredo, but he rushes out. Scene 2: Party at Flora's house At the party, the Marquis tells Flora that Violetta and Alfredo have separated, much to the amazement of everyone who had previously seen the happy couple. She calls for the entertainers to perform for the guests (Chorus: Noi siamo zingarelle venute da lontano – "We are gypsy girls who have come from afar"; Di Madride noi siam mattadori – "We are matadors from Madrid"). Gastone and his friends join the matadors and sing (Gastone, chorus, dancers: È Piquillo un bel gagliardo Biscaglino mattador – "Piquillo is a bold and handsome matador from Biscay"). Violetta arrives with Baron Douphol. They see Alfredo at the gambling table. When he sees them, Alfredo loudly proclaims that he will take Violetta home with him. Feeling annoyed, the Baron goes to the gambling table and joins him in a game. As they bet, Alfredo wins some large sums until Flora announces that supper is ready. Alfredo leaves with handfuls of money. As everyone is leaving the room, Violetta has asked Alfredo to see her. Fearing that the Baron's anger will lead him to challenge Alfredo to a duel, she gently asks Alfredo to leave. Alfredo misunderstands her apprehension and demands that she admit that she loves the Baron. In grief, she makes that admission and, furiously, Alfredo calls the guests to witness what he has to say (Questa donna conoscete? – "You know this woman?"). He humiliates and denounces Violetta in front of the guests and then throws his winnings at her feet in payment for her services. She faints onto the floor. The guests reprimand Alfredo: Di donne ignobile insultatore, di qua allontanati, ne desti orror! ("Ignoble insulter of women, go away from here, you fill us with horror!"). In search of his son, Giorgio enters the hall and, knowing the real significance of the scene, denounces his son's behavior (Giorgio, Alfredo, Violetta, chorus: Di sprezzo degno sè stesso rende chi pur nell'ira la donna offende. – "A man, who even in anger, offends a woman renders himself deserving of contempt."). Flora and the ladies attempt to persuade Violetta to leave the dining room, but Violetta turns to Alfredo: Alfredo, Alfredo, di questo core non puoi comprendere tutto l'amore... – "Alfredo, Alfredo, you can't understand all the love in this heart...". Act 3 Violetta's bedroom Dr. Grenvil tells Annina that Violetta will not live long since her tuberculosis has worsened. Alone in her room, Violetta reads a letter from Alfredo's father telling her that the Baron was only wounded in his duel with Alfredo. He has informed Alfredo of the sacrifice she has made for him and his sister; and that he is sending his son to see her as quickly as possible to ask for her forgiveness. But Violetta senses it is too late (Violetta: Addio, del passato bei sogni ridenti – "Farewell, lovely, happy dreams of the past"). Annina rushes in the room to tell Violetta of Alfredo's arrival. The lovers are reunited and Alfredo suggests that they leave Paris (Alfredo, Violetta: Parigi, o cara, noi lasceremo – "We will leave Paris, O beloved"). But it is too late: she knows her time is up (Alfredo, Violetta: Gran Dio!...morir sì giovane – "Great God!...to die so young"). Alfredo's father enters with the doctor, regretting what he has done. After singing a duet with Alfredo, Violetta suddenly revives, exclaiming that the pain and discomfort have left her. A moment later, she dies in Alfredo's arms.
剧团:
Orchestra del Teatro dell'Opera di Roma 罗马歌剧院管弦乐团 ; Coro del Teatro dell'Opera di Roma 罗马歌剧院合唱团it
导演:
Mario Lanfranchi
编剧:
Francesco Maria Piave
演员:
Anna Moffo
/
Franco Bonisolli
/
Gino Bechi
/
Gianna Lollini
/
Mafalda Micheluzzi
…
作曲:
Giuseppe Verdi
导演:
Giuseppe Verdi
编剧:
Francesco Maria Piave
演员:
Fanny Salvini-Donatelli
/
Lodovico Graziani
/
Felice Varesi
/
Carlotta Berini
/
Speranza Giuseppini
…
作曲:
Giuseppe Verdi
导演:
Yevgeny Sokovnin
编剧:
Francesco Maria Piave
演员:
Elizaveta Shumskaya
/
Sergei Lemeshev
/
Pavel Lisitsian
/
Tamara Parfenenko
/
Olga Insarova
…
作曲:
Giuseppe Verdi
1992-04
剧团:
Orchestra del Teatro alla Scala 斯卡拉剧院管弦乐团 ; Coro del Teatro alla Scala 斯卡拉剧院合唱团 ; Corpo di ballo del Teatro alla Scala 斯卡拉剧院舞蹈团Teatro alla Scala 斯卡拉剧院it
导演:
Liliana Cavani
编剧:
Francesco Maria Piave
演员:
Tiziana Fabbricini
/
Roberto Alagna
/
Paolo Coni
/
Antonella Trevisan
/
Nicoletta Curiel
…
作曲:
Giuseppe Verdi
1992-09
剧团:
Orchestra del Teatro La Fenice 凤凰剧院管弦乐团 ; Coro del Teatro La Fenice 凤凰剧院合唱团Teatro La Fenice 凤凰剧院it
导演:
Pier Luigi Pizzi
编剧:
Francesco Maria Piave
演员:
Edita Gruberová
/
Neil Shicoff
/
Giorgio Zancanaro
/
Antonella Trevisan
/
Mariana Pentcheva
…
作曲:
Giuseppe Verdi
1995-06-02
剧团:
Corpo di ballo del Teatro alla Scala 斯卡拉剧院舞蹈团Teatro alla Scala 斯卡拉剧院italian 意大利语
导演:
Liliana Cavani
/
Marina Bianchi
编剧:
Francesco Maria Piave
演员:
Tiziana Fabbricini
/
Ramón Vargas
/
Juan Pons
/
Anna Zoroberto
/
Lucia Rizzi
…
作曲:
Giuseppe Verdi
导演:
Lluís Pasqual
编剧:
Francesco Maria Piave
演员:
Andrea Rost / Victoria Loukianetz / Angela Gheorghiu
/
Frank Lopardo
/
Renato Bruson
/
Laura Polverelli
/
Nicoletta Zanini
…
作曲:
Giuseppe Verdi
2005-08-07
剧团:
Wiener Philharmoniker 维也纳爱乐乐团 ; Konzertvereinigung Wiener Staatsopernchor 维也纳国家歌剧院合唱团音乐会协会Großes Festspielhaus 萨尔茨堡艺术节大剧院italian 意大利语
导演:
Willy Decker
编剧:
Francesco Maria Piave
演员:
Anna Netrebko
/
Rolando Villazón
/
Thomas Hampson
/
Diane Pilcher
/
Helene Schneiderman
…
作曲:
Giuseppe Verdi
2007-07
剧团:
Orchestra del Teatro alla Scala 斯卡拉剧院管弦乐团 ; Coro del Teatro alla Scala 斯卡拉剧院合唱团 ; Corpo di ballo del Teatro alla Scala 斯卡拉剧院舞蹈团Teatro alla Scala 斯卡拉剧院italian 意大利语
导演:
Liliana Cavani
/
Marina Bianchi
编剧:
Francesco Maria Piave
演员:
Angela Gheorghiu
/
Ramón Vargas
/
Roberto Frontali
/
Tiziana Tramonti
/
Natascha Petrinsky
…
作曲:
Giuseppe Verdi
2013-03-19
~ 2013-03-23
剧团:
Orchestra del Teatro di San Carlo 圣卡洛剧院管弦乐团 ; Coro del Teatro di San Carlo 圣卡洛剧院合唱团 ; Balletto del Teatro di San Carlo 圣卡洛剧院芭蕾舞团香港文化中心italian 意大利语
导演:
Ferzan Özpetek
编剧:
Francesco Maria Piave
演员:
Carmen Giannattasio
/
José Bros
/
Simone Piazzola
/
Bernadette Lucarini
/
Giuseppina Bridelli
…
作曲:
Giuseppe Verdi
2013-09-27
~ 2013-09-29
剧团:
深圳交响乐团 ; Coro del Teatro dell'Opera di Salerno 萨勒诺歌剧院合唱团广州大剧院italian 意大利语
导演:
Richard Eyre
/
Harry Fehr
编剧:
Francesco Maria Piave
演员:
Maria Agresta / Lana Kos
/
Celso Albelo / Vincenzo Costanzo
/
Ionut Pascu
/
Francesca Franci
/
Natasha Verniol
…
作曲:
Giuseppe Verdi
2015-09-19
~ 2016-02-10
剧团:
Bruckner Orchester Linz 林茨布鲁克纳管弦乐团 ; Chor des Landestheaters Linz 林茨州立剧院合唱团Musiktheater am Volksgarten 林茨人民公园音乐剧院italian 意大利语
导演:
Robert Wilson
编剧:
Francesco Maria Piave
演员:
Lee Myung Joo / Moriya Mari
/
Jacques le Roux / Iurie Ciobanu / Pedro Velázquez Díaz
/
Chang Seho / Tito You
/
Kerstin Eder / Cheryl Lichter
/
Kathryn Handsaker / Martha Hirschmann
…
作曲:
Giuseppe Verdi
2018-07-03
~ 2018-07-20
剧团:
Orchestra del Teatro dell’Opera di Roma 罗马歌剧院管弦乐团 ; Coro del Teatro dell’Opera di Roma 罗马歌剧院合唱团Terme di Caracalla 卡拉卡拉浴场italian 意大利语
导演:
Lorenzo Mariani
编剧:
Francesco Maria Piave
演员:
Kristina Mkhitaryan / Valentina Varriale
/
Alessandro Scotto di Luzio / Giulio Pelligra
/
Fabián Veloz / Marcello Rosiello
/
Rafaela Albuquerque
/
Irida Dragoti
…
作曲:
Giuseppe Verdi
2018-12-15
剧团:
Metropolitan Opera Orchestra 大都会歌剧团管弦乐团 ; Metropolitan Opera Chorus 大都会歌剧团合唱团 ; Metropolitan Opera Ballet 大都会歌剧团芭蕾舞团Metropolitan Opera House 大都会歌剧院意大利语 italian
导演:
Michael Mayer
编剧:
Francesco Maria Piave
演员:
Diana Damrau
/
Juan Diego Flórez
/
Quinn Kelsey
/
Maria Zifchak
/
Kirstin Chávez
…
作曲:
Giuseppe Verdi
2019-01-30
剧团:
Orchestra of the Royal Opera House 英国皇家歌剧院管弦乐团 ; Royal Opera Chorus 英国皇家歌剧团合唱团Royal Opera House, Covent Garden 考文特花园皇家歌剧院italian 意大利语
导演:
Richard Eyre
/
Andrew Sinclair
编剧:
Francesco Maria Piave
演员:
Ermonela Jaho
/
Charles Castronovo
/
Plácido Domingo
/
Catherine Carby
/
Aigul Akhmetshina
…
作曲:
Giuseppe Verdi
2019-04-20
剧团:
Metropolitan Opera Orchestra 大都会歌剧团管弦乐团 ; Metropolitan Opera Chorus 大都会歌剧团合唱团 ; Metropolitan Opera Ballet 大都会歌剧团芭蕾舞团Metropolitan Opera House 大都会歌剧院italian 意大利语
导演:
Michael Mayer
编剧:
Francesco Maria Piave
演员:
Anita Hartig
/
Stephen Costello
/
Plácido Domingo
/
Jane Bunnell
/
Kirstin Chávez
…
作曲:
Giuseppe Verdi
2019-06-21
~ 2019-09-05
剧团:
Orchestra dell'Arena di Verona 维罗纳竞技场管弦乐团 ; Coro dell' Arena di Verona 维罗纳竞技场合唱团 ; Corpo di Ballo dell'Arena di Verona 维罗纳竞技场舞蹈团Arena di Verona 维罗纳竞技场法语,意大利语
导演:
Franco Zeffirelli
编剧:
Francesco Maria Piave
演员:
Aleksandra Kurzak / Irina Lungu / Lisette Oropesa / Lana Kos
/
Pavel Petrov / Vittorio Grigolo / Raffaele Abete / Stephen Costello
/
Leo Nucci / Simone Piazzola / Plácido Domingo / Badral Chuluunbaatar / Enkhbatyn Amartüvshin
/
Daniela Mazzucato
/
Alessandra Volpe / Clarissa Leonardi
…
作曲:
Giuseppe Verdi
2019-09-12
~ 2019-10-16
剧团:
Orchestre de l’Opéra national de Paris 巴黎国家歌剧团管弦乐团 ; Chœurs de l’Opéra national de Paris 巴黎国家歌剧团合唱团Palais Garnier 加尔尼耶宫italian 意大利语
导演:
Simon Stone
编剧:
Francesco Maria Piave
演员:
Pretty Yende / Zuzana Marková
/
Benjamin Bernheim / Atalla Ayan
/
Ludovic Tézier / Jean‑François Lapointe
/
Marion Lebègue
/
Catherine Trottmann
…
作曲:
Giuseppe Verdi
2021-04-09
~ 2021-04-21
剧团:
Orchestra del Teatro dell'Opera di Roma 罗马歌剧院管弦乐团 ; Coro del Teatro dell'Opera di Roma 罗马歌剧院合唱团 ; Corpo di Ballo del Teatro dell'Opera di Roma 罗马歌剧院舞蹈团Teatro Costanzi 科斯坦齐剧院it
导演:
Mario Martone
编剧:
Francesco Maria Piave
演员:
Lisette Oropesa
/
Saimir Pirgu
/
Roberto Frontali
/
Angela Schisano
/
Anastasia Boldyreva
…
作曲:
Giuseppe Verdi
2022-04-01
~ 2022-04-18
剧团:
Orchestra of the Royal Opera House 英国皇家歌剧院管弦乐团 ; Royal Opera Chorus 英国皇家歌剧团合唱团Royal Opera House, Covent Garden 考文特花园皇家歌剧院italian 意大利语
导演:
Richard Eyre
/
Bárbara Lluch
编剧:
Francesco Maria Piave
演员:
Angel Blue / Pretty Yende / Hrachuhí Bassénz
/
Dmytro Popov / Stephen Costello
/
Vladimir Stoyanov / Dimitri Platanias
/
Gaynor Keeble / Kseniia Nikolaieva
/
Helen Sherman / Angela Simkin
…
作曲:
Giuseppe Verdi
2022-04-23
~ 2022-05-20
剧团:
Canadian Opera Company Orchestra 加拿大歌剧团管弦乐团 ; Canadian Opera Company Chorus 加拿大歌剧团合唱团Four Seasons Centre for the Performing Arts 四季表演艺术中心意大利语 italian
导演:
Arin Arbus
编剧:
Francesco Maria Piave
演员:
Amina Edris
/
Matthew Polenzani
/
Simone Piazzola
/
Midori Marsh
/
Jamie Groote
…
作曲:
Giuseppe Verdi