First published in 1967, "Writing and Difference, " a collection of Jacques Derrida's essays written between 1959 and 1966, has become a landmark of contemporary French thought. In it we find Derrida at work on his systematic deconstruction of Western metaphysics. The book's first half, which includes the celebrated essay on Descartes and Foucault, shows the development of Derrida's method of deconstruction. In these essays, Derrida demonstrates the traditional nature of some purportely nontraditional currents of modern thought - one of his main targets being the way in which "structuralism" unwittingly repeats metaphysical concepts in its use of linguistic modes.

呈现在我们眼前的，是事实本来的面目，抑或是一种建构？当代美国社会学界最具原创性的理论家杰弗里·亚历山大认为，文化社会学是一种揭示社会潜在意识的社会精神分析学。他在《社会生活的意义:一种文化社会学的视角》一书中，以大屠杀、水门事件、公民社会、文化创伤、电脑科技的诞生等一系列经验的个案研究为例，向我们展示了话语、符码等这些无形的文化结构是如何建构事实、如何化为具体的感知、行动和制度的。