Description
Combining a thorough introduction to the work of nineteenth-and early twentieth-century Italian social theorist Vilfredo Pareto with a highly readable English translation of Pareto's last monograph "Generalizations," originally published in 1920, this work illustrates how and why democratic forms of government undergo decay and are eventually reinvigorated. More than any other social scientist of his generation, Pareto offers a well-developed, articulate, and compelling theory of change based on a Newtonian vision of science and an engineering model of social equilibrium.
This dynamic involves a shifting balance among the countervailing forces of centralization and decentralization of power, economic expansion and contraction, and liberalism versus traditionalism in public sentiment. By 1920, Pareto had developed a scheme for predicting shifts in magnitude of these forces and subsequent change in the character of society. This book will be of interest to students, teachers, or general readers interested in political science, sociology and late-nineteenth/ early-twentieth century social theory.
Vilfredo Pareto (1848-1923) was a pioneer in the field of econometrics, but gained fame, most of it posthumous, through his contributions to sociology and political science. Though often claimed by activist-rightist groups and a contributor to fascist thinking, he avoided alignment with any political movement.

作为意大利保守主义政治学的奠基之作，莫斯卡在《统治阶级》中指出，任何社会中都存在着两个截然不对立的阶级——统治阶级和被统治阶级。统治阶级一般由武士、教士、土地贵族、有钱的和有知识的种种团休组成，他们管理国民事务，垄断国家权力，独占各种荣誉。因为只有这些少数人才有组织能力，而作为多数的群众则处于无组织状态之中。因此，有组织的少娄对特定的统治阶级失势之后，就会有另一个统治阶级来取代他们。事实上，整个人类文明的斗争谱写的。莫斯卡的这一论断，极大地影响并促成了“精英理论”在西方政治学界的兴起。

统治美国的，是那些创造了巨额财富的机构的所有者和高管。由公司法律顾问、军事承包商、农业工商业主以及大公司领导者所组成的企业共同体支配了联邦政府。本书为人们了解美国的社会上层阶级和企业共同体提供了丰富的经验事实，而且接续了韦伯、马克思、米尔斯等人的研究传统，从而发展出一套既从组织维度出发，又强调阶级支配和阶级冲突的“权力结构研究”范式，在精英研究中自成派。尽管40年来围绕本书引发了广泛的争议，但几乎所有从事“精英研究”的社会科学家都认可本书为该领域的经典之作。

本书梳理了21世纪第一个十年美国精英政治体制在教育、文化、政治、经济、金融、体育、宗教及日常生活等领域的种种败迹，借助包括次贷危机、房市泡沫、华尔街丑闻、社会运动、媒体事件等诸多案例清晰地勾勒出了美国的最新概貌，并揭示了由此对美国社会乃至外交的深刻影响。堪称21世纪第一 个十年的“美国社会/政治史”。
教育、医疗、政治、经济、金融、精英、中产阶级……
我们谈论21世纪第一个十年的美国，也是谈论我们自己。
把国家交给最聪明、最优秀、最高贵的人统治是古希腊以来的传统，然而作为精英政治样板，过去十年的民调显示，绝大多数美国人都认为这个国家“行进在错误的轨道上”，不仅政治上腐败无能，而且几乎所有的支柱性体制都出了问题。
一切似乎从最高法院以5:4的表决结果把小布什送上总统宝座开始——
号称世界顶级安全机构的美国安全局却没能阻止19个拿着小刀的男子，政客和记者用共同编织的“情报”把美国拖进了漫长而血腥的伊战。
几个月后爆出的安然丑闻，居然是在全球最有信誉的安达信事务所的怂恿和协助下进行的。房地产泡沫开始破裂，美国陷入近80年来最严重的金融恐慌。雷曼兄弟破产、庞氏骗局、次贷危机等更使失业率创下30年来新高，直追大萧条时期。
与此同时，体育界成了禁药乐园，教练员直接参与买卖并指导使用；教会利用制度漏洞庇护性侵儿童的惯犯，导致更多孩子遭殃；名牌学校的学生越来越多地出自精英之家，后者以0.1%的人口攫取比99.9%的国民财产总和多得多的个人财富，并阻碍社会阶层流动……
一边是教育、医疗、金融、体育、教会、媒体、军队、政府部门丑闻迭出，备受质疑；一边是群众运动愈演愈烈，美国民主在新媒体、自媒体的鼓噪下原形毕露。2011年“达沃斯论坛”期间，克林顿甚至公开承认了精英政治的失败。
精英政治还有没有救？
谁在重蹈美国的覆辙？

精英话语与种族歧视，ISBN：9787300130057，作者：（荷）范·戴克 著，齐月娜，陈强 译

First published in 1956, The Power Elite stands as a contemporary classic of social science and social criticism. C. Wright Mills examines and critiques the organization of power in the United States, calling attention to three firmly interlocked prongs of power: the military, corporate, and political elite. The Power Elite can be read as a good account of what was taking place in America at the time it was written, but its underlying question of whether America is as democratic in practice as it is in theory continues to matter very much today. What The Power Elite informed readers of in 1956 was how much the organization of power in America had changed during their lifetimes, and Alan Wolfe's astute afterword to this new edition brings us up to date, illustrating how much more has changed since then. Wolfe sorts out what is helpful in Mills book and which of his predictions have not come to bear, laying out the radical changes in American capitalism, from intense global competition and the collapse of communism to rapid technological transformations and ever changing consumer tastes. The Power Elite has stimulated generations of readers to think about the kind of society they have and the kind of society they might want, and deserves to be read by every new generation.

本书为“中国现象学文库·现象学原典译丛”的一种，是著名哲学家和现象学的奠基人胡塞尔发表的第二部著作。全书分两卷，第一卷“纯粹逻辑学导论”，主要意图有三个：其一，将一门纯粹逻辑学的观念分离于对逻辑学的这样一些理解：理解为工艺论；其二，拒绝对那些从意识本性中被构想出来的逻辑规律做心理学的论证，主张从逻辑基本概念的意义出发进行一种认识论的论证；其三，对纯粹逻辑学及其基本概念和任务领域做一个临时的勾画。第二卷“现象学与认识论研究”，对表达与含义、种类的观念统一与现代抽象理论、整体与部分的学说进行了论述。本书对于哲学研究者具有重要的指导意义。