做社会学研究，非常不容易。如果不明了自身所做之事，不明了工作的努力方向，你就会像瓷器店里的公牛一样，必然把事情搞砸。这是约翰·李维·马丁在这本如何进行严谨的社会科学研究的书中告诫我们的，它风趣、睿智而必需。本书关注的是研究者需要进行的各种实际决策：到哪儿去找寻你所需要的资料？你所找到的资料与可能收集到的资料整体之间有何种关联？
这是一本社会科学的用户指南，既适用于本科生，也适用于研究生。作者不是仅仅提供一些机械的规则与应用，而是与读者一起对于方法问题进行通透的思考。他承认研究者也是人，因此也会像研究对象一样受制于同样的认知局限与扭曲，进而提出克服和弥补上述局限的办法。马丁论证了自律的重要性，说明学术伦理上出问题必将导致研究本身出问题，反之亦然。本书是一本里程碑式的作品；在社会学研究的过程中，学生们会反复从中受到启迪。

本书开篇使用种族歧视和呼吁投票运动作为例子，从实验和观察性研究角度讨论了因果性，接着讲解了度量和预测这社会科学研究数据分析中的主要目标。本书对数据分析和统计学理论进行了实践性介绍，主要针对的读者群体是本科生以及对社会科学和相关领域开展系统深入研究的研究生。本书涵盖领域包括经济学、社会学、公共政策以及数据科学，通过直接明了的实证分析，帮助读者学习用R项目语言分析数据，并阐释相关成果。

While some social scientists may argue that we have always been networked, the increased visibility of networks today across economic, political, and social domains can hardly be disputed. Social networks fundamentally shape our lives and social network analysis has become a vibrant, interdisciplinary field of research.
In The Oxford Handbook of Social Networks, Ryan Light and James Moody have gathered forty leading scholars in sociology, archaeology, economics, statistics, and information science, among others, to provide an overview of the theory, methods, and contributions in the field of social networks. Each of the thirty-three chapters in this Handbook moves through the basics of social network analysis aimed at those seeking an introduction to advanced and novel approaches to modeling social networks statistically. They cover both a succinct background to, and future directions for, distinctive approaches to analyzing social networks. The first section of the volume consists of theoretical and methodological approaches to social networks, such as visualization and network analysis, statistical approaches to networks, and network dynamics. Chapters in the second section outline how network perspectives have contributed substantively across numerous fields, including public health, political analysis, and organizational studies.
Despite the rapid spread of interest in social network analysis, few volumes capture the state-of-the-art theory, methods, and substantive contributions featured in this volume. This Handbook therefore offers a valuable resource for graduate students and faculty new to networks looking to learn new approaches, scholars interested in an overview of the field, and network analysts looking to expand their skills or substantive areas of research.

《多变量分析：SPSS的操作与应用》所介绍的多变量分析技术，除了SPSS/Base功能外，也针对Advanced等模块的功能加以说明，如平均数检定、一般线性模式、因素分析、集群分析、区别分析、回归分析等，并探讨一般书上少见的多元尺度法、TREE、Logistic、规则相关分析、联合分析、时间数列分析等进阶的多变量分析。此外，有关SPSS的外挂程序，包括结构方程模型AMOS与数据探勘Clementine等也多有着墨。

A master practitioner gives us an entertaining tour of the historian's workshop and a spirited defense of the search for historical truth. E. H. Carr's What Is History? , a classic introduction to the field, may now give way to a worthy successor. In his compact, intriguing survey, Richard J. Evans shows us how historians manage to extract meaning from the recalcitrant past. To materials that are frustratingly meager, or overwhelmingly profuse, they bring an array of tools that range from agreed-upon rules of documentation and powerful computer models to the skilled investigator's sudden insight, all employed with the aim of reconstructing a verifiable, usable past. Evans defends this commitment to historical knowledge from the attacks of postmodernist critics who see all judgments as subjective. Evans brings "a remarkable range, a nose for the archives, a taste for controversy, and a fluent pen" ( The New Republic ) to this splendid work. "Essential reading for coming generations."-Keith Thomas

This book is an expanded and revised edition of the author's critically acclaimed volume Nuts and Bolts for the Social Sciences. In twenty-six succinct chapters, Jon Elster provides an account of the nature of explanation in the social sciences. He offers an overview of key explanatory mechanisms in the social sciences, relying on hundreds of examples and drawing on a large variety of sources-psychology, behavioral economics, biology, political science, historical writings, philosophy and fiction. Written in accessible and jargon-free language, Elster aims at accuracy and clarity while eschewing formal models.

http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674088917

Most questions in social and biomedical sciences are causal in nature: what would happen to individuals, or to groups, if part of their environment were changed? In this groundbreaking text, two world-renowned experts present statistical methods for studying such questions. This book starts with the notion of potential outcomes, each corresponding to the outcome that would be realized if a subject were exposed to a particular treatment or regime. In this approach, causal effects are comparisons of such potential outcomes. The fundamental problem of causal inference is that we can only observe one of the potential outcomes for a particular subject. The authors discuss how randomized experiments allow us to assess causal effects and then turn to observational studies. They lay out the assumptions needed for causal inference and describe the leading analysis methods, including, matching, propensity-score methods, and instrumental variables. Many detailed applications are included, with special focus on practical aspects for the empirical researcher.

The primary purpose of this book is to prepare students for empirical research in economics. But it also equips those who plan to specialize in econometric theory and those whose empirical interests are in sociology or business. Aimed at first-year graduate students and advanced undergraduates, "A Course in Econometrics" covers the fundamentals - classical regression and simultaneous equations - but also contains clear treatments of symptotic theory and nonlinear regression. The innovative features of the text include: (1) a focus on the conditional expectation function and best linear predictor as interesting characteristics of a population: (2) a thoughtful interpretation of assumptions on the disturbance term in linear regression; (3) a consistent development of estimators as sample analogs of population parameters; (4) a careful discussion of alternative sampling schemes to clarify the distinction between random and idea explanatory variables; (5) a development of asymptotic theory that emphasizes a simple prototypical case; (6) a cautionary treatment of the use and abuse of significance tests; (7) an introduction to simultaneous equation models that focuses on structural parameters as invariant across populations. The text includes instructive exercises and graphs, along with several complete data sets.

This book summarizes recent advances in causal inference and underscores the paradigmatic shifts that must be undertaken in moving from traditional statistical analysis to causal analysis of multivariate data. Special emphasis is placed on the assumptions that underlie all causal inferences, the languages used in formulating those assumptions, the conditional nature of all causal and counterfactual claims, and the methods that have been developed for the assessment of such claims. These advances are illustrated using a general theory of causation based on the Structural Causal Model (SCM), which subsumes and unifies other approaches to causation, and provides a coherent mathematical foundation for the analysis of causes and counterfactuals. In particular, the paper surveys the development of mathematical tools for inferring (from a combination of data and assumptions) answers to three types of causal queries: those about (1) the effects of potential interventions, (2) probabilities of counterfactuals, and (3) direct and indirect effects (also known as "mediation"). Finally, the paper defines the formal and conceptual relationships between the structural and potential-outcome frameworks and presents tools for a symbiotic analysis that uses the strong features of both. The tools are demonstrated in the analyses of mediation, causes of effects, and probabilities of causation.

英国皇家人类学会编的这本《田野调查技术手册(6thed.)》在体例上分为4部分18章。第一部分用2章讲述人体测量技术，等于承认有生命的个体是人类社会的前提。第二部分用9章讲述田野调查的准备工作和循序渐进过程，对社会结构、个人生命史、政治组织、经济活动、信仰仪式、地方性知识、语言手式等方面的问题作了阐释。第三部分用5章再来展现物质文化、制度文化与精神文化的细目，讲述了调查衣、食、住、行以及娱乐与消遣的技巧。第四部分用2章论述死文化的发掘和文物保护工作。上述体例实际是隐性的理论框架，深描了各方面的文化，因而具有较大的参考价值。

This popular text provides useful and pragmatic guidance for developing and successfully defending proposals for qualitative inquiry. The fifth edition addresses the advances and challenges presented by developments and new applications while providing direct guidance. Focusing on the proposal stage of research, this edition allows the reader to have a clear plan for data analysis and for the challenging varieties of final reports of qualitative inquiries. The new edition includes expanded coverage of ethics, analysis processes, and approaches, and is full of updated vignettes that illustrate the methodological challenges that face today's qualitative researcher. This edition also includes discussions about distance-based research (such as email interviews and online discussion groups), the implications of postmodern turns, integrating archival material in qualitative research, and creative ways of presenting the research. This text is an invaluable resource to teachers and students of research methods across disciplines and is a must for the library of those using qualitative approaches.

本书主要讲述的是民族志是一种为了调查和发现社区、团体及其他社会组织的社会文化模式与意义的科学方法。作为科学，民族志和其他社会行为科学的调查方法的首要区别在于，民族志者要探索在他们赋予人们的行为和信仰以意义之前，人们都做什么，以及为什么 这么做。这样，人们的观点就形成了建立地方性理论的基础，我们可以检验这些理论，把它们和科学文献相衔接，也可以在改造后用于其他地方。不同于其他社会科学，民族志要依靠研究者作为资料收集的首要工具，因此民族志者要特别注意偏见的问题和保证资料准确性的方法。

一本针对研究生的讲述定量研究方法的教辅书，美国定量研究方法领域权威教授写就，针对中国国内“重定性，轻定量”的研究现状，就定量研究的本质、基础、范畴和争论，做了精辟的论述和分析，是国内外广大对社会科学方法研究有专长或有兴趣的学者和学生必备的手册和工具，正应时下社会科学研究之需。

本书介绍了一种环形研究过程：思考-写作-修订-重新思考，并提出了在寻找话题、制定计划、收集资料、组织论据、起草初稿、修改润色等各个环节中贯彻以读者为中心原则的具体方法。如何将模糊的兴趣转为一个值得提出和解决的难题；如何建立一个论证，并让读者愿意接受你的观点；如何预知那些思维缜密且具有批判力的读者的不同意见，并适当地加以回应；如何撰写导言与结论，回答这个最棘手的问题：“那又怎样？”如何从读者的角度阅读自己的作品，因而知道该什么时候以及如何修改你的研究报告。