This classic in organizational theory provides a succinct overview of the principal schools of thought as it presents a critical, sociopsychological, and historical orientation to the field of organizational analysis. Vividly written, with theories made concrete by specific, student-oriented examples, it takes a critical view toward organizations, analyzing their impact on individuals, groups, and society as a whole. New chapters on economic theories of organization and the conditional power theory are among the features of this revised edition.

Hyper-Organization offers an institutional explanation for the expansion of formal organization in the contemporary era-in numbers, internal complexity, social domains, and national contexts. Much expansion is hard to justify in terms of technical production or political power, it lies in areas such as protecting the environment, promoting marginalized groups, or behaving with transparency.
The authors argue that expansion is supported by widespread cultural rationalization characterized by scientism, rights and empowerment discourses, and an explosion of education. These cultural changes are transmitted through legal, accounting, and professionalization principles, driving the creation of new organizations and the elaboration of existing ones. The resulting organizations are constructed to be proper social actors, as much as functionally effective entities. They are painted as
autonomous and integrated but depend heavily on external definitions to sustain this depiction. So expansion creates organizations that are, whatever their actual effectiveness, structurally arational.
This book advances theories of social organization in three main ways. First, by giving an account of the expansive rise of 'organization' rooted in rapid worldwide cultural rationalization. Second, explaining the construction of contemporary organizations as purposive actors, rather than passive bureaucracies or loose associations. Third, showing how the expanded actorhood of the contemporary organization, and the associated interpenetration with the environment, dialectically generate
structures far removed from instrumental rationality.

Conservative pundits allege that the pervasive liberalism of America's colleges and universities has detrimental effects on undergraduates, most particularly right-leaning ones. Yet not enough attention has actually been paid to young conservatives to test these claims--until now.
In Becoming Right, Amy Binder and Kate Wood carefully explore who conservative students are, and how their beliefs and political activism relate to their university experiences. Which parts of conservatism do these students identify with? How do their political identities evolve on campus? And what do their educational experiences portend for their own futures--and for the future of American conservatism?
Becoming Right demonstrates the power that campus culture has in developing students' conservative political styles and shows that young conservatives are made, not born. Focusing on two universities--"Eastern Elite" and "Western Public"--Binder and Wood discover that what is acceptable, or even celebrated, political speech and action on one campus might be unthinkable on another. Right-leaning students quickly learn the styles of conservatism that are appropriate for their schools. Though they might be expected to simply plug into the national conservative narrative--via media from Fox News to Facebook--college conservatives actually enact their politics in starkly different ways.
Rich in interviews and insight, Becoming Right illustrates that the diverse conservative movement evolving among today's college students holds important implications for the direction of American politics.

Do institutions think? If so, how do they do it? Do they have minds of their own? If so, what thoughts occupy these suprapersonal minds? Mary Douglas delves into these questions as she lays the groundwork for a theory of institutions. Usually the human reasoning process is explained with a focus on the individual mind; her focus is on culture. Using the works of Emile Durkheim and Ludwik Fleck as a foundation, "How Institutions Think" clarifies the extent to which thinking itself is dependent upon institutions. Different kinds of institutions allow individuals to think different kinds of thoughts and to respond to different emotions. It is just as difficult to explain how individuals come to share the categories of their thought as to explain how they ever manage to sink their private interests for a common good. Douglas forewarns us that institutions do not think independently, nor do they have purposes, nor can they build themselves. As we construct our institutions, we are squeezing each other's ideas into a common shape in order to prove their legitimacy by sheer numbers. She admonishes us not to take comfort in the thought that primitives may think through institutions, but moderrjs decide on important issues individually. Our legitimated institutions make major decisions, and these decisions always involve ethical principles.

这是一个改革先驱者的故事，更是1978年底开始的中国改革的一个缩影。
1978年，改革席卷中国大地，其最终目标是要破除计划经济体制，建立社会主义市场经济体制。但是具体怎么走，谁也不知道，一切都是“摸着石头过河”。
黄宗汉，黄氏兄妹（黄宗江、黄宗淮、黄宗英、黄宗洛、黄宗汉）中的小弟、1948年加入地下党的老革命，1978年年底主动请命到严重亏损的计划经济体制下的老厂——北京东风电视机厂就任厂长。黄宗汉在东风厂采取了一系列的改革措施，在全国引起很大影响。然而，改革必然会损害计划经济体制下既得利益集团的利益，诸多矛盾终因1981年作家理由的一篇题为《希望在人间》的报告文学而点燃。
所谓的“破冰之旅”，要打破的“坚冰”，就是计划经济体制以及相关的社会结构、意识形态、既得利益集团对改革的阻碍。而“缝隙”则是指制度柔性的一面，这使庞大而僵化的行政体制具有一定的自由政治空间，其弹性使最初的改革成为可能。
以往讲改革初期的历史，要么是高层的决策和斗争，要么是讲农村基层农民的决心和行动（比如安徽小岗村），而城市的改革，尤其是企业改革的肇始和实践，则鲜有记录和研究，能看到的，多是文艺作品的反映（比如《乔厂长上任记》）。因此，黄宗汉在东风电视机厂的改革实践，在某种程度上是填补了这方面的空白。而由专业学者来记录、分析这一过程，使得本书不同于一般的纪实作品，会令读者对肇始于1978年底的“改革”有更深入的认识。

For advanced undergraduate courses on organizations, sociology of organizations, organizations & management, and organization theory. Courses can be found in the departments of sociology, business and public administration departments. Organizations and Organizing: Rational, Natural and Open Systems 1/e, covers the early history of organization studies, provides a comprehensive framework for comparing competing theoretical paradigms, and addresses major developments in the most recent decade. Its scholarly yet accessible conceptual framework encourages our diverse scholarly community to come together to consider common issues and problems. W. Richard Scott is a professor at Stanford University and is the author of numerous books, including the best-selling Organizations: Rational, Natural and Open Systems, which this new book replaces. Gerald F. Davis is a professor of Management and Organizations in the University of Michigan Business School. He brings extensive knowledge of strategy, social networks and social movements to this new book.

本书中，周雪光教授以组织研究的诸种学术问题为导向，系统阐述了当今海外学术界影响至深的诸学术流派，如制度主义学派、交易成本学派、网络分析学派等对若干基本的组织现象的研究和看法，梳理了经济学、社会学和心理学在组织问题上思想交锋的焦点所在，并结合海内外大量组织现象的实例分析，指出了组织社会学研究的努力方向，体现出作者深厚的学术功力和犀利的学术眼光，读来令人茅塞顿开。