政治哲学
The Subject of Liberty: Toward a Feminist Theory of Freedom Goodreads 豆瓣
作者: Nancy J. Hirschmann Princeton University Press 2002 - 10
This book reconsiders the dominant Western understandings of freedom through the lens of women's real-life experiences of domestic violence, welfare, and Islamic veiling. Nancy Hirschmann argues that the typical approach to freedom found in political philosophy severely reduces the concept's complexity, which is more fully revealed by taking such practical issues into account.<br /><br /><br /><br />Hirschmann begins by arguing that the dominant Western understanding of freedom does not provide a conceptual vocabulary for accurately characterizing women's experiences. Often, free choice is assumed when women are in fact coerced--as when a battered woman who stays with her abuser out of fear or economic necessity is said to make this choice because it must not be so bad--and coercion is assumed when free choices are made--such as when Westerners assume that all veiled women are oppressed, even though many Islamic women view veiling as an important symbol of cultural identity.<br /><br />Understanding the contexts in which choices arise and are made is central to understanding that freedom is socially constructed through systems of power such as patriarchy, capitalism, and race privilege. Social norms, practices, and language set the conditions within which choices are made, determine what options are available, and shape our individual subjectivity, desires, and self-understandings. Attending to the ways in which contexts construct us as "subjects" of liberty, Hirschmann argues, provides a firmer empirical and theoretical footing for understanding what freedom means and entails politically, intellectually, and socially.
Between Slavery and Freedom 豆瓣
作者: McGary, Howard/ Lawson, Bill E. Indiana Univ Pr 1993 - 2
Using the writings of slaves and former slaves, as well as commentaries on slavery, "Between Slavery and Freedom" explores the American slave experience to gain a better understanding of six moral and political concepts - oppression, paternalism, resistance, political obligation, citizenship, and forgiveness. The authors use analytical philosophy as well as other disciplines to gain insight into the thinking of a group of people prevented from participating in the social/political discourse of their times. "Between Slavery and Freedom" rejects the notion that philosophers need not consider individual experience because philosophy is "impartial" and "universal." A philosopher should also take account of matters that are essentially perspectival, such as the slave experience. McGary and Lawson demonstrate the contribution of all human experience, including slave experiences, to the quest for human knowledge and understanding.
Discourse on the Origin of Inequality 豆瓣
作者: Jean-Jacques Rousseau 译者: Donald A. Cress Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. 1992 - 11
Donald Cress's highly regarded translation, based on the critical Pleiade edition of 1964, is here issued with a lively introduction by James Miller, who brings into sharp focus the cultural and intellectual milieu in which Rousseau operated. This new edition includes a select bibliography, a note on the text, a translator's note, and Rousseau's own Notes on the Discourse.
面包与自由 豆瓣
La conquête du pain
7.7 (7 个评分) 作者: [俄罗斯] 克鲁泡特金 译者: 巴金 商务印书馆 1982 - 11
《汉译世界学术名著丛书:面包与自由》是作者克鲁泡特金在1886年,就法国社会改造而写的。他从政治、经济的角度,批判了现实社会制度,对代议制、法律、强权等,进行了分析与抨击。同时提出无政府共产主义的经济与政治主张——若废除私有制,实行共产共有、经济平等,消灭国家,取消政府,废除法律,由各种自由联合的社团代替强权的国家,由社团成员的自由意志,代替法律的力量,以互助的形式和科学的方法提高社会劳动生产等。
The Cambridge Companion to Habermas 豆瓣
作者: White, Stephen K. 编 1995 - 4
Jurgen Habermas is unquestionably one of the foremost philosophers writing today. His notions of communicative action and rationality have exerted a profound influence within philosophy and the social sciences. This volume examines the historical and intellectual contexts out of which Habermas' work emerged, and offers an overview of his main ideas, including those in his most recent publication. Amongst the topics discussed are his relationship to the Frankfurt School of critical theory and Marx, his unique contributions to the philosophy of the social sciences, the concept of 'communicative ethics', and the critique of post-modernism. New readers and non-specialists will find this the most convenient, accessible guide to Habermas currently available. Advanced students will find a conspectus of recent developments in the interpretation of Habermas.
反抗“平庸之恶” 豆瓣 Goodreads
Responsibility and Judgment
9.0 (27 个评分) 作者: [德国] 汉娜·阿伦特 译者: 陈联营 上海人民出版社 2014 - 4
没有人比阿伦特更了解:20世纪的道德大崩溃,不是由于人的无知或邪恶,未能辨别道德“真相”,而是由于道德“真相”不足以作为标准,评判人们当下可能做出的事情。道德需要重建,而重建道德的前提是社会中的每个个体,能够反抗道德崩溃时代平庸之恶的引诱,不放弃思考,不逃避判断,承担起应有的道德责任。
本书收录的文章,主要是艾希曼事件之后,阿伦特对于“平庸之恶”的回应,以及对纳粹犹太屠杀的评论。在这些文章中,阿伦特深入探讨了与平庸之恶相关的政治与道德问题,如“极权统治下的个人责任”“集体责任和个人责任之间的关系”“思考与道德之间的关系”,等等。“过去不再启示未来,人心在昏暗之中徘徊”,在人心无所依傍的时代,阿伦特犀利的视角和关切,为我们思考个人处境和选择立场提供了富有启迪的抓手。
本书是《责任与判断》中文修订版,首收中研院研究员蔡英文专文导读:阿伦特为文一向关注现实的政治与道德的重大议题,文章的肌理糅合了冷静之概念分析与思辨的热情,因而带有相当大的思想激励。
2017年8月31日 已读
人的心灵结构:理性、欲望、意志。理性孕育良知,否则人心无法安定。意志促成行动,一种命令与服从的关系。理性与意志共同促成判断,从而形成道德行为。

艾希曼:平庸之恶,理性思考的缺失。本书补全的是《艾希曼在耶路撒冷》后半部分关于行动的内容。
哲学 政治哲学 阿伦特
平常的恶 豆瓣
Ordinary Vices
7.8 (17 个评分) 作者: [美] 朱迪丝·N.施克莱 译者: 钱一栋 上海人民出版社 2018 - 8
在西方的基督教教义中指出人的七宗罪——贪食、色欲、贪婪、伤悲、暴怒、懒惰、傲慢,是人类性格的深渊面,而施克莱在本书中提出了“平常的恶”的概念,认为残酷、虚伪、傲慢、背叛和愤世嫉俗等,不过是浅滩暗礁,以充满活力和野蛮的方式成为人类性格的瑕疵。 施克莱从一批伟大的作家的作品 的解读——莫利哀和狄更斯的虚伪,简•奥斯汀的势利,莎士比亚和孟德斯鸠的愤世嫉俗,霍桑和尼采的残酷,康拉德和福克纳的背叛——揭示了恶的本质及其影响。她审视了它们的破坏性影响,及其对政府和公民的影响。
《平常的恶》是一本智慧、聪明、心思细腻的书,它讨论了各种个人之恶——残忍、虚伪、势利等——的危害与价值。施克莱教授探究了这些恶的重要性,哪些恶比其他恶更坏,它们可以为社会作出何种积极贡献,以及在不同社会中,这些恶的含义有何种差别。 ——伯纳德·威廉斯
美国精神的封闭 豆瓣
The Closing of the American Mind
7.7 (14 个评分) 作者: [美] 艾伦·布卢姆 译者: 战旭英 / 冯克利 译林出版社 2007 - 10
本书论证现代民主的起源,品评马基雅维利、霍布斯、洛克、卢梭等启蒙思想家的意图及其得失,考察当代美国心智与德国思想之间的联系,批判20世纪60年代以来美国社会盛行的虚无主义及文化相对主义,揭示出民主政治之下高等教育的危机。
我们时代的精神状况 豆瓣 Goodreads
Die große Regression: eine international Debatte über die geistige Situation der Zeit
8.0 (13 个评分) 作者: [德] 海因里希·盖瑟尔伯格 译者: 孙柏 世纪文景 | 上海人民出版社 2018 - 9
全球化危机,新自由主义破产,民粹主义兴起
缺乏制度和文化准备的社会,如何解救自身?
一场建立跨国公共论域的思想实验
全球15位前沿思想家共议,15个语种接力出版
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我们生活在激烈的政治变革期——脱欧公投,特朗普胜选,欧洲等地极右运动的兴起,民族 主义和仇外情绪的复归……忽然之间,我们发觉自己身处一个仅仅几年前还无法想象的世界。我们该如何理解这些戏剧性的发展,又该如何应对?我们正在目睹世界性的对于自由民主的弃绝,并代之以某种民粹威权主义吗?
本书集合了15位享有国际盛誉的思想家,分析并试图理解现时代精神状况背后的力量。他们跨域学科和国界来剖解当下的困局,在更广阔的历史情境中定位,探讨未来可能的轨迹,并思考回击这种反转的可能。
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任何迫切想要了解当代国际政治中发挥作用的深层结构的读者的必读之书。
——Hyperallergic
对于想要反思近期政治变革的读者,本书会是一个引人入胜的起步。
——LSE Review of Books