文学评论
小说鉴赏(双语修订第3版) 豆瓣 Goodreads
Understanding Fiction,3e
作者: [美]克林斯·布鲁克斯(C. Brooks) / [美]罗伯特·潘·沃伦(R. P. Warren) 译者: 冯亦代 等译 世界图书出版公司·后浪出版公司 2012 - 10
美国新批评派学者布鲁克斯和沃伦合编的一部短篇小说鉴赏集,是新批评理论观点和方法在小说批评与理论领域的体现。选用各种题材和多种风格的短篇小说,加以分析讨论和互相比较,提出鉴别好小说的一些原则,阐述小说的形成与发展过程,为我们提供了小说批评与赏析的范例;目的是为了加深读者对作品的理解和提高他们的鉴赏力,使读者更新近于成功小说的真谛。
作为新批评派细读式批评和理论阐述的名著,本书帮助新批评派在美国大学的文学讲坛中确立了“文学批评”的地位,对文学教学与批评实践影响深远。它既是一本文学教科书,也是文学爱好者的自修读物。本书采用中英文对照,对于广大具有一定英语基础的文学爱好者和英语专业的师生来讲,它又是一部极佳的小说读本和难得的英语阅读材料。
How to Read Literature Like a Professor 豆瓣
作者: Thomas C. Foster Harper Perennial 2014 - 2
2018年12月11日 已读
2018年12月11日 评论 摘抄 - 章节:Introduction How’d He Do That? Literature has its grammar, too. Memory. Symbol. Pattern. These are the three items that, more than any other, separate the professorial reader from the rest of the crowd. Everything is a symbol of something, it seems, until proven otherwise. A related phenomenon in professorial reading is pattern recognition. 章节:1 Every Trip Is a Quest (Except When It’s Not) We know, however, that their quest is educational. They don’t know enough about the only subject that really matters: themselves. The real reason for a quest is always self-knowledge. That’s why questers are so often young, inexperienced, immature, sheltered. Once you figure out quests, the rest is easy. 章节:2 Nice to Eat with You: Acts of Communion whenever people eat or drink together, it’s communion. literary versions of communion can interpret the word in quite a variety of ways. eating with another is a way of saying, “I’m with you, I like you, we form a community together.” And that is a form of communion. writing a meal scene is so difficult, and so inherently uninteresting, that there really needs to be some compelling reason to include one in the story. that reason has to do with how characters are getting along. show something else as sex. communion doesn’t need to be holy. Or even decent. He discovers he has something in common with this stranger—eating as a fundamental element of life—that there is a bond between them. If a well-run meal or snack portends good things for community and understanding, then the failed meal stands as a bad sign. His main goal, though, is to draw us into that moment, to pull our chairs up to that table so that we are utterly convinced of the reality of the meal. he wants to convey the sense of tension and conflict that has been running through the evening—there are a host of us-against-them and you-against-me moments earlier and even during the meal—and this tension will stand at odds with the sharing of this sumptuous and, given the holiday, unifying meal. we need to be part of that communion. The thing we share is our death. 章节:3 Nice to Eat You: Acts of Vampires Evil has had to do with sex since the serpent seduced Eve. So vampirism isn’t about vampires? there was so much the Victorians couldn’t write about directly, chiefly sex and sexuality, they found ways of transforming those taboo subjects and issues into other forms. even today, when there are no limits on subject matter or treatment, writers still use ghosts, vampires, werewolves, and all manner of scary things to symbolize various aspects of our more common reality. ghosts and vampires are never only about ghosts and vampires. Sometimes the really scary bloodsuckers are entirely human. The essentials of the vampire story, as we discussed earlier: an older figure representing corrupt, outworn values; a young, preferably virginal female; a stripping away of her youth, energy, virtue; a continuance of the life force of the old male; the death or destruction of the young woman. he deems the figure of the consuming spirit or vampiric personality a useful narrative vehicle. the thin line between the ordinary and the monstrous. That’s what this figure really comes down to, whether in Elizabethan, Victorian, or more modern incarnations: exploitation in its many forms. Using other people to get what we want. Denying someone else’s right to live in the face of our overwhelming demands. Placing our desires, particularly our uglier ones, above the needs of another. That’s pretty much what the vampire does, after all. My guess is that as long as people act toward their fellows in exploitative and selfish ways, the vampire will be with us. 章节:4 Now, Where Have I Seen Her Before? the more connect-the-dot drawings you do, the more likely you are to recognize the design early on there’s no such thing as a wholly original work of literature. the mind flashes bits and pieces of childhood experiences, past reading, every movie the writer/creator has ever seen stories grow out of other stories, poems out of other poems we recognize elements from some prior text and begin drawing comparisons and parallels that may be fantastic, parodic, tragic, anything Once that happens, our reading of the text changes from the reading governed by what’s overtly on the page. This dialogue between old texts and new is always going on at one level or another. Critics speak of this dialogue as intertextuality, the ongoing interaction between poems or stories. 章节:5 When in Doubt, It’s from Shakespeare ... at some very deep level he is ingrained in our psyches. There is a kind of authority lent by something being almost universally known, where one has only to utter certain lines and people nod their heads in recognition. when we recognize the interplay between these dramas, we become partners with the new dramatist in creating meaning. Fugard relies on our awareness of the Shakespearean text as he constructs his play, and that reliance allows him to say more with fewer direct statements. 章节:8 It’s Greek to Me myth is a body of story that matters. what the artist is doing is reaching back for stories that matter to him and his community—for myth. Greek and Roman myth is so much a part of the fabric of our consciousness, of our unconscious really, that we scarcely notice. So that’s one way classical myth can work: overt subject matter for poems and paintings and operas and novels. Walcott reminds us by this parallel of the potential for greatness that resides in all of us, no matter how humble our worldly circumstances. the situations match up more closely than we might expect. The need to protect one’s family: Hector. The need to maintain one’s dignity: Achilles. The determination to remain faithful and to have faith: Penelope. The struggle to return home: Odysseus. Homer gives us four great struggles of the human being: with nature, with the divine, with other humans, and with ourselves. In our modern world, of course, parallels may be ironized, that is, turned on their head for purposes of irony 章节:9 It’s More Than Just Rain or Snow weather is never just weather. It’s never just rain. And that goes for snow, sun, warmth, cold, and probably sleet, although the incidence of sleet in my reading is too rare to generalize. Drowning is one of our deepest fears the big eraser that destroys but also allows a brand-new start. That dark and stormy evening (and I suspect that before general illumination by streetlight and neon all stormy evenings were pretty darned dark) has worlds of atmosphere and mood. why does he bring rain into it? First of all, as a plot device. The rain forces these men together in very uncomfortable (for the condemned man and the brother) circumstances. Second, atmospherics. Rain can be more mysterious, murkier, more isolating than most other weather conditions. finally there is the democratic element. Rain falls on the just and the unjust alike. One of the paradoxes of rain is how clean it is coming down and how much mud it can make when it lands. you have to be careful what you wish for, or for that matter what you want cleansed. 章节:10 Never Stand Next to the Hero nearly all literature is character-based. No matter how large or small the actions, though, the most important thing that characters can do is change—grow, develop, learn, mature, call it what you will. in story and song, book and film, there is generally no more persuasive reason for revenge, outrage, or prompting to action than the killing of the best friend (or his progeny). It really doesn’t pay to get too close to hero-types. characters are not people. if it’s not in the text, it doesn’t exist. We can only read what is present in a novel, play, or film. Characters are products of writers’ imaginations—and readers’ imaginations. Two powerful forces come together to make a literary character. The first, writerly, invention sketches out a figure, while the second, readerly, invention receives that figure and fills in the blank spaces. The plot needs something to happen in order to move forward, so someone must be sacrificed. literary works are not democracies. the fictive world (I’m paraphrasing here) is divided up into round and flat characters. Round characters are what we could call three-dimensional, full of traits and strengths and weaknesses and contradictions, capable of change and growth. Flat characters, not so much. They lack full development in the narrative or drama, so they’re more two-dimensional, like cartoon cutouts. we are all, each and every last one of us, the protagonist of our own story. In fictive works, some characters are more equal than other characters. A lot more equal. Even round characters are somewhat less than complete beings. They are merely simulacra, illusions meant to suggest fully formed humans. Characters are created on something like a need-to-know basis. Their utility is all that matters. plot is character in action; character is revealed and shaped by plot. What happens to Gatsby must feel like the only outcome, given who Gatsby is and who Nick is and who Daisy is. 章节:Interlude Does He Mean That? lateral thinking is what we’re really discussing: the way writers can keep their eye on the target, whether it be the plot of the play or the ending of the novel or the argument of the poem, and at the same time bring in a great deal of at least tangentially related material. 章节:11... More Than It’s Gonna Hurt You: Concerning Violence Violence is one of the most personal and even intimate acts between human beings, but it can also be cultural and societal in its implications. Violence in literature, though, while it is literal, is usually also something else. the essentially hostile or at least uncaring relationship we have with the universe. Let’s think about two categories of violence in literature: the specific injury that authors cause characters to visit on one another or on themselves, and the narrative violence that causes characters harm in general. We sense greater weight or depth in works when there is something happening beyond the surface. 章节:12 Is That a Symbol? what do you think it stands for, because that’s probably what it does. At least for you. some symbols do have a relatively limited range of meanings, but in general a symbol can’t be reduced to standing for only one thing. If they can, it’s not symbolism, it’s allegory. Here’s how allegory works: things stand for other things on a one-for-one basis. Allegories have one mission to accomplish—convey a certain message Symbols, though, generally don’t work so neatly. The thing referred to is likely not reducible to a single statement but will more probably involve a range of possible meanings and interpretations. If we want to figure out what a symbol might mean, we have to use a variety of tools on it: questions, experience, preexisting knowledge. The only thing we are sure of about the cave as symbol is that it keeps its secrets. What the cave symbolizes will be determined to a large extent by how the individual reader engages the text. The other problem with symbols is that many readers expect them to be objects and images rather than events or actions. Action can also be symbolic. Ask questions of the text: what’s the writer doing with this image, this object, this act; what possibilities are suggested by the movement of the narrative or the lyric; and most important, what does it feel like it’s doing? a reader’s imagination is the act of one creative intelligence engaging another. 章节:13 It’s All Political The political writing I personally dislike is programmatic, pushing a single cause or concern or party position, or it’s tied into a highly topical situation that doesn’t transfer well out of its own specific time and place. I love “political” writing. Writing that engages the realities of its world—that thinks about human problems, including those in the social and political realm, that addresses the rights of persons and the wrongs of those in power—can be not only interesting but hugely compelling. Nearly all writing is political on some level. most works must engage with their own specific period in ways that can be called political. writers tend to be men and women who are interested in the world around them. That world contains many things, and on the level of society, part of what it contains is the political reality of the time—power structures, relations among classes, issues of justice and rights, interactions between the sexes and among various racial and ethnic constituencies. That’s why political and social considerations often find their way onto the page in some guise, even when the result doesn’t look terribly “political.” Knowing a little something about the social and political milieu out of which a writer creates can only help us understand her work, not because that milieu controls her thinking but because that is the world she engages when she sits down to write. 章节:14 Yes, She’s a Christ Figure, Too The bottom line, I usually tell the class, is that Christ figures are where you find them, and as you find them. 章节:15 Flights of Fancy Culturally and literarily, we have toyed with the idea of flight since earliest times. In general, flying is freedom, we might say, freedom not only from specific circumstances but from those more general burdens that tie us down. García Márquez plays on our notions of wings and flight to explore the situation’s ironic possibilities. the act of falling from vast heights and surviving is as miraculous, and as symbolically meaningful, as the act of flight itself. the antidote to limitations and shackles is freedom. Indeed, often in literature the freeing of the spirit is seen in terms of flight. 章节:16 It’s All About Sex ... Suddenly we discover that sex doesn’t have to look like sex: other objects and activities can stand in for sexual organs and sex acts, which is good, since those organs and acts can only be arranged in so many ways and are not inevitably decorous. 章节:17... Except Sex describing two human beings engaging in the most intimate of shared acts is very nearly the least rewarding enterprise a writer can undertake. most of the time when writers deal with sex, they avoid writing about the act itself. The further truth is that even when they write about sex, they’re really writing about something else. If they write about sex and mean strictly sex, we have a word for that. Pornography. He carries not a woman but an entire constellation of possibilities into the bedroom. What chance does his sexual performance have? the sex is on one level symbolic action claiming for the individual freedom from convention and for the writer freedom from censorship. You just know that these scenes mean something more than what’s going on in them. It’s true in life as well, where sex can be pleasure, sacrifice, submission, rebellion, resignation, supplication, domination, enlightenment, the whole works. 章节:18 If She Comes Up, It’s Baptism The thing about baptism is, you have to be ready to receive it. Baptism can mean a host of things, of which rebirth is only one. baptism is a sort of reenactment on a very small scale of that drowning and restoration of life The rebirths/baptisms have a lot of common threads, but every drowning is serving its own purpose: character revelation, thematic development of violence or failure or guilt, plot complication or denouement. 章节:19 Geography Matters ... In a sense, every story or poem is a vacation, and every writer has to ask, every time, Where is this one taking place? What, in other words, does geography mean to a work of literature? Geography: hills, etc. Stuff: economics, politics, history. So what’s geography? Rivers, hills, valleys, buttes, steppes, glaciers, swamps, mountains, prairies, chasms, seas, islands, people. In poetry and fiction, it may be mostly people. Literary geography is typically about humans inhabiting spaces, and at the same time the spaces inhabiting humans. Geography is setting, but it’s also (or can be) psychology, attitude, finance, industry—anything that place can forge in the people who live there. Actually, the scariest thing Poe could do to us is to put a perfectly normal human specimen in that setting, where no one could remain safe. And that’s one thing landscape and place—geography—can do for a story. Geography can also define or even develop character. the real target is the physical village—as place, as center of mystery and threat, as alien environment, as generic home of potential enemies and uncertain friends. employ geography as a metaphor for the psyche—when his characters go south, they are really digging deep into their subconscious, delving into that region of darkest fears and desires. whether it’s Italy or Greece or Africa or Malaysia or Vietnam, when writers send characters south, it’s so they can run amok. It’s place and space and shape that bring us to ideas and psychology and history and dynamism. 章节:20... So Does Season the speaker is seriously feeling his age here and making us feel it, too, with those boughs shaking in the cold winds, those last faded leaves still hanging, if barely, in the canopy, those empty limbs that formerly were so full of life and song. A few other writers have also had something to say about the seasons in connection with the human experience. Maybe it’s hard-wired into us that spring has to do with childhood and youth, summer with adulthood and romance and fulfillment and passion, autumn with decline and middle age and tiredness but also harvest, winter with old age and resentment and death. This pattern is so deeply ingrained in our cultural experience that we don’t even have to stop and think about it. we can start looking at variation and nuance. Every writer can make these modifications in his or her use of the seasons, and the variation produced keeps seasonal symbolism fresh and interesting. We read the seasons in them almost without being conscious of the many associations we bring to that reading. 章节:Interlude One Story there’s only one story. What’s it about? That’s probably the best question you’ll ever ask, and I apologize for responding with a really lame answer: I don’t know. It’s about everything that anyone wants to write about I suppose what the one story, the ur-story, is about is ourselves, about what it means to be human what our poets and storytellers do for us—drag a rock up to the fire, have a seat, listen to this one—is explain us-and-the-world, or us-in-the-world. The basic premise of intertextuality is really pretty simple: everything’s connected. The result is a sort of World Wide Web of writing. “Archetype” is a five-dollar word for “pattern,” or for the mythic original on which a pattern is based. It’s like this: somewhere back in myth, something—a story component, let’s call it—comes into being. What does matter is that there is this mythic level, the level on which archetype operates and from which we borrow the figure of, for instance, the dying-and-reviving man (or god) or the young boy who must undertake a long journey. 章节:21 Marked for Greatness First, the obvious but nonetheless necessary observation: in real life, when people have any physical mark or imperfection, it means nothing thematically, metaphorically, or spiritually. but in literature we continue to understand physical imperfection in symbolic terms. physical markings by their very nature call attention to themselves and signify some psychological or thematic point the writer wants to make 章节:22 He’s Blind for a Reason, You Know There are a lot of things that have to happen when a writer introduces a blind character into a story, and even more in a play. Clearly the author wants to emphasize other levels of sight and blindness beyond the physical. Moreover, such references are usually quite pervasive in a work where insight and blindness are at issue. The challenging thing about literature is finding answers, but equally important is recognizing what questions need to be asked, and if we pay attention, the text usually tells us. What it does, though, is set up a pattern of reference and suggestion as the young boy watches, hides, peeks, and gazes his way through a story that is alternately bathed in light and lost in shadow. A truly great story or play, as “Araby” and Oedipus Rex are, makes demands on us as readers; in a sense it teaches us how to read it. We feel that there’s something more going on in the story—a richness, a resonance, a depth—than we picked up at first, so we return to it to find those elements that account for that sensation. when literal blindness, sight, darkness, and light are introduced into a story, it is nearly always the case that figurative seeing and blindness are at work. seeing and blindness are generally at issue in many works, even where there is no hint of blindness on the part of windows, alleys, horses, speculations, or persons. if you want your audience to know something important about your character (or the work at large), introduce it early, before you need it. 章节:23 It’s Never Just Heart Disease ... And Rarely Just Illness In literature there is no better, no more lyrical, no more perfectly metaphorical illness than heart disease. More commonly, though, heart trouble takes the form of heart disease. If heart trouble shows up in a novel or play, we start looking for its signification, and we usually don’t have to hunt too hard. The other way around: if we see that characters have difficulties of the heart, we won’t be too surprised when emotional trouble becomes the physical ailment and the cardiac episode appears. Their choice of illness is quite telling: each of them elects to employ a fragile heart as a device to deceive the respective spouse, to be able to construct an elaborate personal fiction based on heart disease, to announce to the world that he or she suffers from a “bad heart.” Every age has its special disease. The Romantics and Victorians had consumption; we have AIDS. That’s what happens when works get reenvisioned: we learn something about the age that produced the original as well as about our own. 章节:24 Don’t Read with Your Eyes On the other hand, a too rigid insistence on the fictive world corresponding on all points to the world we know can be terribly limiting not only to our enjoyment but to our understanding of literary works. What I really mean is, don’t read only from your own fixed position in the Year of Our Lord two thousand and some. Instead try to find a reading perspective that allows for sympathy with the historical moment of the story, that understands the text as having been written against its own social, historical, cultural, and personal background. also need to acknowledge here that there is a different model of professional reading, deconstruction, that pushes skepticism and doubt to its extreme, questioning nearly everything in the story or poem at hand, to deconstruct the work and show how the author is not really in charge of his materials. The goal of these deconstructive readings is to demonstrate how the work is controlled and reduced by the values and prejudices of its own time. Too much acceptance of the author’s viewpoint can lead to difficulties. What I would suggest is that we see Shylock’s villainy in the context of the difficult and complex situation Shakespeare creates for him, see if he makes sense as an individual and not merely as a type or representative of a hated group, see if the play works independently of whatever bigotry might lie behind it or if it requires that bigotry to function as art. For me, if it must rely on hatred i […] 章节:25 It’s My Symbol and I’ll Cry If I Want To A lot of things in the world have more or less ready-made associations—or associations so long in use that they seem ready-made to us latecomers. One of the things we’ve been talking about in this book is how we can build a sort of literary database of imagery and its uses: rain, check; shared meals, check; quests, check; and so on. What that database relies upon, naturally, is repetition. The point is, we have, as writers, artists, and readers, a common pool of figurative data built up over centuries of use in a host of situations and for a multiplicity of purposes—a store of images, symbols, similes, and metaphors that we not only can access but do, almost automatically. This warehouse of implications, as it were, permits texts to mean more than one thing simultaneously. Let’s be clear, just so no one runs off the rails: these implications are invariably secondary. The primary meaning of the text is the story it is telling, the surface discussion (landscape description, action, argument, and so on). The gyres embody opposing historical or philosophical or spiritual forces, so they’re a little like Hegel’s or Marx’s dialectic, in which opposing forces clash together to create a new reality. Except that dialectics don’t spin or whirl. Singular systems don’t get general discussions. every work teaches us how to read it as we go along. every page of a literary work is part of an education in reading. humans are very good at entering these “private” realms, at inferring meanings, at judging the implications of texts—in other words, we’re good at reading. 章节:26 Is He Serious? And Other Ironies That’s irony—take our expectations and upend them, make them work against us. What is a sign? It’s something that signifies a message. The signifier, in other words, while being fairly stable itself, doesn’t have to be used in the planned way. Its meaning can be deflected from the expected meaning. Mysteries, like irony, make great use of deflection. irony doesn’t work for everyone. Because of the multivocal nature of irony—we hear those multiple voices simultaneously—readers who are inclined toward univocal utterances simply may not register that multiplicity. We must remember: irony trumps everything. In other words, every chapter in this book goes out the window when irony comes in the door.
文学评论 方法论 美国
许子东现代文学课 豆瓣
8.2 (69 个评分) 作者: 许子东 理想国|上海三联书店 2018 - 6
理想国 × 许子东 ——开讲啦!打开经典、打开民国、打开围墙的“见字如面”,有温度、有深度、有热血、有良知的“开箱之作”。
【本书看点】
★ 12堂“民国范儿”现代文学公开课——
民国还可以这样读:鲁迅是一座山,后面很多作家都是山,被这座最高的山的影子遮盖了,但张爱玲是 一条河;现代作家中,凡是英美留学回来的就比较保守,凡是日本留学回来的就比较激进……20多年来一直在香港岭南大学(早于京师大学堂,被誉为“南岭北燕”)中文系教书的许子东教授,首次出版中国现代文学课的课堂实录,敞开“自己的园地”。所有课程由腾讯新闻直播,打开大学围墙,短期内滚雪球有几十万在线观看,网友点评:“听许子东老师讲课太有意思了!”
★ N+1次“开脑洞”的Open Mind——
打个比方,如果巴金是朱古力牛奶,茅盾是卡布奇诺,老舍是红茶,那周作人就是上乘的龙井;沈从文不是农村的谢冰心,《边城》是这么多好人合作做了一件坏事;老舍字舍予,就是“放弃我”,名字真是预言,一个作家可以提前写出自己的命运;如果让李安来拍丁玲《我在霞村的时候》,可能比《色,戒》还好……经典课堂,原汁原味的名家现场。
★ 10位文学巨匠“打开”的现代文学入门书——
还原历史现场,现代中国文学的群星闪耀时,鲁迅《我怎么做起小说来》,老舍《我怎样写〈骆驼祥子〉》,张爱玲《自己的文章》,沈从文《习作选集代序》……这是文学巨匠的发生时刻。重读经典,每一部经典里,都有一个今天的你,打开经典,打开你的世界。事关写作,本书不是传统的教科书,只是许子东的“一家之言”,讲国人国史,重温国语国文。
★ 1条“现代文学时间轴”拓宽视野——
张爱玲晚年凄凉地死在洛杉矶,生活上、精神上似乎都“无家可归”……对照世界看中国,本书“时间轴”从1900年弗洛伊德《梦的解析》掀开世纪,到1949年奥威尔《1984》亮相上半叶,发现1925年有周作人《雨天的书》、菲茨杰拉德《了不起的盖茨比》,1934年有沈从文《边城》、米勒《北回归线》,1943年有张爱玲《倾城之恋》、萨特《存在与虚无》等等。
★ 11份“出色的”现代文学进阶书单——
鲁迅写过砍头,沈从文写的砍头你知道吗?为什么革命的人成功了,他可能还是高老太爷?附上书单,夏志清《中国现代小说史》,钱理群、温儒敏、吴福辉《中国现代文学三十年》,陈平原《二十世纪中国小说史》,李欧梵《铁屋中的呐喊》,王德威《想象中国的方法》……汇集各时期同行出色研究,这不仅是一个人,还是一个学科一群知识精英的多年集大成。
【内容简介】
打开经典,有一种“年轻”叫沧桑,有一种“新青年”叫民国范儿,我们新文学的“新声”《狂人日记》如今一百年了……新的!旧的!更新的!文学的国语!国语的文学!这一路,现代中国文学探出的每一步,背后已是星斗可见,而又跋山涉水的史诗历程。
人可以消失,但“人的文学”,探讨人性的更深层,会留下来。
本书源于许子东在香港岭南大学中文系的经典课堂实录,融会了几十年的积累,将来可扩展为一部相对完整的中国现代文学简史。
鲁迅是一座山,后面很多作家都是山,被这座最高的山的影子遮盖了;但张爱玲是一条河。这一堂堂现代文学课,囊括“五四”起源、各家流派,以及小说、散文、诗歌、戏剧,共12讲,可见鲁迅的“反省”、郭沫若的“创造”、茅盾的“矛盾”、巴金的“年轻”、老舍的“命运”、曹禺的“影响”、郁达夫的“苦闷”、丁玲的“扑火”、沈从文的“反潮流而动”、张爱玲的“无家可归”等等,文学承担民族—国家寓言。
课堂实录的金句与神来之笔,化为小字旁批,约有160余条,大珠小珠,与正文相映成趣。另增11份许子东开列的进阶书单、10位文学巨匠的创作谈、1条中国现代文学时间轴,以及260多个详注,帮助打开民国时期的文学地图,打通更多的知识关联,更新认知视野。
【名家评价】
最开阔的史观,最精彩的内容,最动人的表述。许子东的《现代文学课》引领我们重新认识现代中国文学。——王德威(哈佛大学教授)
作为中国现代文学的教科书,许子东的《现代文学课》绝对是我的首选。从来没有读过这么生动的教材,内容别开生面,处处流露出作者的博学和过人的机智,字里行间妙语如珠……五四新文学运动一百周年,这本书也是一种纪念。──李欧梵(香港中文大学教授、台湾中央研究院院士)
这本书从鲁迅、张爱玲到沈从文,林林总总写了很多人,是开启智慧的一本书。尤其对青年人,还不太了解现代文学的人,有这样的一个文学地图的绘制者在引领我们去造访这些奇妙的文本,我们一定会有一种会心的体味在里面。他带有温度的阐释,在目前的大学教学里面是少见的。——孙郁(中国人民大学文学院院长)
整个现代文学史就是一部少年中国精神史,所以大家要怀着青春的浪漫情调来阅读现代文学史,怀着青春的浪漫情调来阅读永远年轻的子东先生,这才能够充分体会他的魅力,他的人格的魅力,他的书的魅力。——陈晓明(北京大学中文系主任)
他把最复杂的、最热门的学术界的内部讨论,全部消化成大一新生、刚刚入门的学生都能够理解的程度,用一个大家喜闻乐见的方式,把这个文学史、文学经典的介绍跟分析传递出来,我觉得这是一部相当难得的好书。——梁文道(著名媒体人)
【网友点评】
网上随便找了一个许子东教授的视频,没想到是个讲郁达夫的文学课,也没想到我一看就看了120分钟……我想我并不是个文学爱好者,主要还是许老师语言幽默。
—— Pissenlit-lucie
开车放许子东老师讲课的音频,莫名的触动。我要去发朋友圈做自来水,真是一堂超美妙的文学课。
——苏清
腾讯视频居然有许子东岭南大学讲课直播,大学没有上过中文课好遗憾。大爱许老师。
——哐铛哐铛哐铛铛
这些日子在南院儿猫冬,很久没去北院儿了,错过了无数好讲座。好在有网络,捧一杯咖啡,听许子东讲鲁迅。讲的真好啊,真是无上的享受!
——布娜娜的战斗
在家待着,竟然花了两个小时听了一节许子东讲沈从文的公开课,这一个下午快过去了……不过这两个小时花的值,听他讲课太有意思了。
——冷门选手
能感受到许老师对文学是真的热爱,而不仅仅是职业需要。讲得很好,通脱幽默,非常好!
——吃橙子的西西弗斯
讲得引人入胜!很受益!大赞许老师!希望出更多的课!
——四月
文学讲稿 豆瓣 Goodreads
Lectures on Literature
8.8 (23 个评分) 作者: [美] 弗拉基米尔·纳博科夫 译者: 申慧辉 等 上海译文出版社 2018 - 6
"纳博科夫1950年代在康奈尔大学等高等学府讲授欧洲文学,其后以这些讲稿为基础整理编辑成《文学讲稿》(以及《俄罗斯文学讲稿》)出版。彼时正逢新批评理论在西方文评界盛行,纳博科夫以注重文本分析(有时具体到了几乎逐字逐句讲述的地步)、独特的艺术观和批评方法,丰厚的语言和文学修养,昆虫学研究训练出的逻辑性和严谨风格,使《文学评论》成为运用新批评理论对作家和文学作品具体研究的典范之作。
纳博科夫在这本书里讨论了《曼斯菲尔德庄园》《包法利夫人》《变形记》《尤利西斯》等七部名作,相当于带领学生做了七次艺术侦查和解剖,皆以简洁明晰的语言、深入浅出的方式,极为鲜明地表达他对作品的看法,同时从文本而非观念出发,细致地捕捉和艺术特点,点明作品在艺术上成功的原因。
《文学讲稿》还有一个特点,即较多地引用了作品的原文。这一方面保留了此书原为课堂讲稿的本色,另一方面也具体说明了作者的见解是如何形成的。由此也形成了本书的魅力,即经过纳博科夫的讲解,他把作品中那些原来并未显示出深长意味和特殊价值的文字,如珍珠出蚌般的展示给读者。
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