倫理學
道德情操论 豆瓣
The Theory of Moral Sentiments
8.0 (16 个评分) 作者: (英)亚当·斯密 译者: 蒋自强 / 钦北愚 商务印书馆 1997
《道德情操论》是斯密的伦理学著作,首次出版于1759年,斯密去世前共出版过六次。全书共有七卷构成,主要阐释的是道德情感的本质和道德评价的性质。斯密在该书中继承了哈奇森的道德感学说和休谟的同情论思想,形成了自己的道德情感理论。他反对神学家用天启 来说明道德的根源,而把他认为是人的本性中所有的同情的情感作为阐释道德的基础。他用同情的原理来解释人类正义感和其它一切道德情感的根源,来说明道德评价的性质,并以此为基础表明各种基本美德的特征。
The Theory of Moral Sentiments 豆瓣
作者: Adam Smith Cambridge University Press 2002 - 1
Adam Smith's Theory of Moral Sentiments (1759) lays the foundation for a general system of morals, and is a text of central importance in the history of moral and political thought. It presents a theory of the imagination which Smith derived from David Hume but which encompasses an idea of sympathy that in some ways is more sophisticated than anything in Hume's philosophy. By means of sympathy and the mental construct of an impartial spectator, Smith formulated highly original theories of conscience, moral judgment and the virtues. The enduring legacy of his work is its reconstruction of the Enlightenment idea of a moral, or social, science encompassing both political economy and the theory of law and government. This 2002 volume offers a new edition of the text with clear and helpful notes for the student reader, together with a substantial introduction that sets the work in its philosophical and historical context.
Business and Sustainability 豆瓣
作者: Michael Blowfield OUP Oxford 2012
Climate change, the resource constrained economy, and sustainability in general are amongst the hottest and most problematic topics in contemporary business today. Increasingly, new enterprises are being established to address key twenty-first century environmental challenges, incumbent industries are implementing new strategies to comply with stringent legislation to retain their licenses, and multi-nationals are endeavouring to link tackling issues from poverty to deforestation to their bottom line. This textbook is one of the first to offer students a comprehensive overview of how the world's sustainability challenges are affecting, and being affected by business, and has been written specifically to cater for the growing number of courses and modules at undergraduate and postgraduate levels focused on sustainability in the business context. The author adopts a mix of practitioner and theoretical perspectives and offers an insightful review of the subject across three core areas: the global business context, business management and ownership, and the external environment. Each of these areas contains chapters on particular aspects of sustainability and management, and draws from a range of global case studies and exercises. This textbook serves as a concise summary of contemporary sustainability issues for lecturers and students wanting a single resource on the subject. Online Resource Centre: For Students: Links to web resources e.g. company sustainability initiatives, sustainability organisations For Lecturers: Teaching suggestions for the case studies PowerPoint slides Links to films, online video and other AV resources for use in the classroom, including summaries of their content and how they could be used Electronic versions of figures and diagrams from the book
少數群體的權利:民族主義、多元文化主義 豆瓣
作者: 威爾金里卡 译者: 鄧紅風 左岸文化 2004 - 10
本書延續他知名的《多元文化的公民權》一書中所首次發展的少數權利理論,致力於探討當今世界幾個緊迫的爭論議題:包括目前的種族關係問題、少數的權利在大環境的民族主義之下所產生的爭論、民主主義的公民權與全球化等問題。本書分成四大部份:第一部分概述少數群體權利辯論的演進,並解釋這些論辯如何由1980年代中期演變至現在。第二部分探討在自由民主之下,族裔文化公正的要求。金里卡認為個體的人權保護並不足以擔保族裔群體之間的正義要求,少數者的人權必須加以增補。他並特別探究為何某種權力的分享(如聯邦制)對國內的少權族群來說常是確保正義所必需的,為何原住民在其經濟發展與環境保護上必須擁有特殊的權利關係,以及為何我們須要對外來移民確立一個融合上的公平關係。第三部分的焦點在民族主義,探討一些常見的自由主義者對民族主義的誤解與偏見,包括常引人誤解的「世界主義」和「民族主義」間的對立。最後的第四部分,討論如何增加種族和民族群體對少數權利的要求,以達到影響民主公民權的實踐,他強調教育的重要性。
伦理学 豆瓣
Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata
9.1 (12 个评分) 作者: 斯宾诺莎 译者: 贺麟 商务印书馆 1998 - 1
《伦理学》一书是斯宾诺莎的主要著作,他的哲学思想基本上都表述在这本书中。他写这部著作花费了十多年的功夫,从1662年写起,到1675年才完成。斯宾诺莎的世界观是在尼德兰资本主义生产关系急剧发展的时期形成的,反映了新兴资产阶级的利益和要求,他的哲学思想应该看作是对资产阶级自由的论证。
道德教育 豆瓣
L’éducation morale,
作者: [法国] 埃米尔·涂尔干 译者: 陈光金 / 沈杰 上海人民出版社 2006 - 8
本书内容属于教育社会学的范畴,根据涂尔干的讲义或授课内容,以及他有关教育问题的专题讨论和备课笔记等整理而成,其对教育问题的具体教学和研究内容丰富、涵盖面广,涉及教育方法和基础教育理论的问题、教育史和教育学史的研究,以及与教学实践和理论探索连至深的社会学实质问题。读者通过本书可以了解到当时的教育家们所争论的焦点问题和涂尔干处理此类问题的基本思路和态度。
自由的伦理 豆瓣
The ethics of liberty
作者: [美国] 穆瑞·罗斯巴德 译者: 吕炳斌 / 周欣 复旦大学出版社 2008 - 10
《自由的伦理》是对自由主义政治立场的最严密和最具有哲理性的阐述之一。这本著作的特色在于它把自由扎根于自然权利的观念之中并且把其适用于大量实践问题之上。尽管罗斯巴德的结论是激进的——一个严格遵循私有财产权的社会秩序必须排除国家本身存在的制度化侵犯——他对自由主义原则的应用却惊人地显示出其在大量社会难题上的实用性,这些解决方案规避了传统,具有一定的创新性。
这一版本包含了一个导言,其中专门涉及了罗伯特·诺齐克和穆瑞·罗斯巴德之间的争论。
伦理学与经济学 豆瓣
On Ethics and Economics
作者: [印度] 阿马蒂亚·森 译者: 王宇 / 王文玉 商务印书馆 2000 - 5
《伦理学与经济学》是1998年诺贝尔经济学奖获得者阿马蒂亚·森的代表作之一。在这部著作中,作者通过对人的本能与理性的分析,用伦理学说明了人类的经济行为;用经济学阐释了社会的道德规范,进而揭示了伦理学、经济学及其社会福利之间的关系。
On Ethics and Economics 豆瓣
作者: Amartya Sen Wiley-Blackwell 1989 - 2
In this elegant critique, Amartya Sen argues that welfare economics can be enriched by paying more explicit attention to ethics, and that modern ethical studies can also benefit from a closer contact with economies. He argues further that even predictive and descriptive economics can be helped by making more room for welfare-economic considerations in the explanation of behaviour.
Justice 豆瓣
9.1 (7 个评分) 作者: [美国] 迈克尔·桑德尔 Allen Lane 2009 - 9
Harvard government professor Sandel (Public Philosophy) dazzles in this sweeping survey of hot topics—the recent government bailouts, the draft, surrogate pregnancies, same-sex marriage, immigration reform and reparations for slavery—that situates various sides in the debates in the context of timeless philosophical questions and movements. Sandel takes utilitarianism, Kant's categorical imperative and Rawls's theory of justice out of the classroom, dusts them off and reveals how crucial these theories have been in the construction of Western societies—and how they inform almost every issue at the center of our modern-day polis. The content is dense but elegantly presented, and Sandel has a rare gift for making complex issues comprehensible, even entertaining (see his sections entitled Shakespeare versus the Simpsons and What Ethics Can Learn from Jack Benny and Miss Manners), without compromising their gravity. With exegeses of Winnie the Pooh, transcripts of Bill Clinton's impeachment hearing and the works of almost every major political philosopher, Sandel reveals how even our most knee-jerk responses bespeak our personal conceptions of the rights and obligations of the individual and society at large. Erudite, conversational and deeply humane, this is truly transformative reading.
Utilitarianism 豆瓣 Goodreads
作者: John Stuart Mill Hackett Pub Co 2002 - 6
This expanded edition of John Stuart Mill's Utilitarianism includes the text of his 1868 speech to the British House of Commons defending the use of capital punishment in cases of aggravated murder. The speech is significant both because its topic remains timely and because its arguments illustrate the applicability of the principle of utility to questions of large-scale social policy.
功利主义 豆瓣
Utilitarianism
9.2 (8 个评分) 作者: [英] 约翰·穆勒 译者: 徐大建 上海人民出版社 2008 - 5
功利主义是一种在西方影响巨大的伦理学说,其原则是“最大多数人的最大幸福”,以行为的实际功效或利益为判断行为正当与否的标准。本书系统地阐述了这一学说,分绪论、何谓功利主义、论功利主义最后制裁力、功利主义可以得到什么样的证明、论公道与功利主义之关系。
Ethics of Money Production 豆瓣
作者: Jörg Guido Hülsmann Ludwig Von Mises Institute 2008 - 8
This pioneering work, in hardback, by Jörg Guido Hülsmann, professor of economics at the University of Angers in France and the author of Mises: The Last knight of Liberalism, is the first full study of a critically important issue today: the ethics of money production.
He is speaking not in the colloquial sense of the phrase "making money," but rather the actual production of money as a commodity in the whole economic life. The choice of the money we use in exchange is not something that needs to be established and fixed by government.
In fact, his thesis is that a government monopoly on money production and management has no ethical or economic grounding at all. Legal tender laws, bailout guarantees, tax-backed deposit insurance, and the entire apparatus that sustains national monetary systems, has been wholly unjustified. Money, he argues, should be a privately produced good like any other, such as clothing or food.
In arguing this way, he is disputing centuries of assumptions about money for which an argument is rarely offered. People just assume that government or central banks operating under government control should manage money. Hulsmann explores monetary thought from the ancient world through the middle ages to modern times to show that the monopolists are wrong. There is a strong case in both economic and ethical terms for the idea that money production should be wholly private.
He takes on the "stabilization" advocates to show that government management doesn't lead to stability but to inflation and instability. He goes further to argue against even the theoretical case for stabilization, to say that money's value should be governed by the market, and that that the costs associated with private production are actually an advantage. He chronicles the decline of money once nationalized, from legally sanctioned counterfeiting to the creation of paper money all the way to hyperinflation. In his normative analysis, the author depends heavily on the monetary writings of 14th century Bishop Nicole Oresme, whose monetary writings have been overlooked even by historians of economic thought. He makes a strong case that "paper money has never been introduced through voluntary cooperation. In all known cases it has been introduced through coercion and compulsion, sometimes with the threat of the death penalty. … Paper money by its very nature involves the violation of property rights through monopoly and legal-tender privileges."
The book is also eerily prophetic of our times:
Consider the current U.S. real-estate boom. Many Americans are utterly convinced that American real estate is the one sure bet in economic life. No matter what happens on the stock market or in other strata of the economy, real estate will rise. They believe themselves to have found a bonanza, and the historical figures confirm this. Of course this belief is an illusion, but the characteristic feature of a boom is precisely that people throw any critical considerations overboard. They do not realize that their money producer—the Fed—has possibly already entered the early stages of hyperinflation, and that the only reason why this has been largely invisible was that most of the new money has been exported outside of the U.S… Because a paper-money producer can bail out virtually anybody, the citizens become reckless in their speculations; they count on him to bail them out, especially when many other people do the same thing. To fight such behavior effectively, one must abolish paper money. Regulations merely drive the reckless behavior into new channels.
Hulsmann has provided not only a primer in understanding our times, but a dramatic extension of the work of Menger, Mises, Hayek, Rothbard, and others to map out an economically radical and ethically challenging case for the complete separation of money and state, and a case for the privatization of money production. It is a sweeping and learned treatise that is rigorous, scholarly, and radical.
Table of Contents
Preface
Introduction
Money Production and Justice
Remarks about Relevant Literature
Part 1: The Natural Production of Money
Monies
The Division of Labor without Money
The Origin and Nature of Money
Natural Monies
Credit Money
Paper Money and the Free Market
Electronic Money
Money Certificates
Certificates Physically Integrated with Money
Certificates Physically Disconnected from Money
Money within the Market Process
Money Production and Prices
Scope and Limits of Money Production.
Distribution Effects
The Ethics of Producing Money
The Ethics of Using Money
Utilitarian Considerations on the Production of Money
The Sufficiency of Natural Money Production
Economic Growth and the Money Supply
Hoarding
Fighting Deflation
Sticky Prices
The Economics of Cheap Money
Monetary Stability
The Costs of Commodity Money
Part 2: Inflation
General Considerations on Inflation
The Origin and Nature of Inflation
The Forms of Inflation
Private Inflation: Counterfeiting Money Certificates
Debasement
Fractional-Reserve Certificates
Three Origins of Fractional-Reserve Banking
Indirect Benefits of Counterfeiting in a Free Society .
The Ethics of Counterfeiting
Enters the State: Fiat Inflation through Legal Privileges
Treacherous Clerks
Fiat Money and Fiat Money Certificates
Fiat Inflation and Fiat Deflation
Legalized Falsifications
Legalizing Debasement and Fractional Reserves
The Ethics of Legalizing Falsifications
Legal Monopolies
Economic Monopolies versus Legal Monopolies
Monopoly Bullion
Monopoly Certificates
The Ethics of Monetary Monopoly
Legal-Tender Laws
Fiat Equivalence and Gresham’s Law
Bimetallism
Legal-Tender Privileges for Money Certificates
Legal-Tender Privileges for Credit Money
Business Cycles
Moral Hazard, Cartelization, and Central Banks
Monopoly Legal Tender
The Ethics of Legal Tender
Legalized Suspensions of Payments
The Social Function of Bankruptcy
The Economics of Legalized Suspensions
The Ethics of Legalized Suspensions
Paper Money
The Origins and Nature of Paper Money
Reverse Transubstantiations
The Limits of Paper Money
Moral Hazard and Public Debts
Moral Hazard, Hyperinflation, and Regulation
The Ethics of Paper Money
The Cultural and Spiritual Legacy of Fiat Inflation
Inflation Habits
Hyper-Centralized Government
Fiat Inflation and War
Inflation and Tyranny
Race to the Bottom in Monetary Organization
Business under Fiat Inflation
The Debt Yoke
Some Spiritual Casualties of Fiat Inflation
Suffocating the Flame
Part 3: Monetary Order and Monetary Systems
Monetary Order
The Natural Order of Money Production
Cartels of Credit-Money Producers
Fiat Monetary Systems in the Realm of the Nation-State
Toward National Paper-Money Producers: European Experiences
Toward National Paper-Money Producers: American Experiences
The Problem of the Foreign Exchanges
International Banking Systems, 1871–1971
The Classical Gold Standard
The Gold-Exchange Standard
The System of Bretton Woods
Appendix: IMF and World Bank after Bretton Woods
International Paper-Money Systems, 1971– ?
The Emergence of Paper-Money Standards
Paper-Money Merger: The Case of the Euro
The Dynamics of Multiple Paper-Money Standards
Dead End of the World Paper-Money Union
Conclusion
Two Concepts of Capitalism
Monetary Reform
References
Index of Names
Index of Subjects
为什么做个好人很难? 豆瓣
Why It's Hard to Be Good?An Introduction to Ethical Theory
作者: 唐纳德·帕尔玛 译者: 黄少婷 上海社会科学院出版社 2010 - 8
《为什么做个好人很难? 伦理学导论》是学术畅销书作者唐纳德·帕尔玛的最新作品。对所有对伦理学感兴趣的人而言,此书是不可多得的佳作。配备220余幅插图,作者以引人入胜而又易于理解的方式阐释了复杂的伦理学概念。
《为什么做个好人很难? 伦理学导论》对古希腊时期至当今西方世界的主要道德理论逐一进行介绍,旨在使希望掌握伦理学推论方法的人获得更多裨益。无法肯定《为什么做个好人很难? 伦理学导论》是否影响读者个人的道德生活,不过在书中作者探讨了各种伦理学理论对人们提出的各种要求,正如书名《为什么做个好人很难?》所示。
尼各马可伦理学[注释导读本] 豆瓣
Ἠθικὰ Νικομάχεια
8.6 (7 个评分) 作者: [古希腊] 亚里士多德 译者: 邓安庆 人民出版社 2010 - 9
《尼各马可伦理学(注释导读本)》是古希腊最伟大的思想家亚里士多德的不朽作品。在古希腊雅典文明的鼎盛时期就曾作为教科书,两千多年来为人类文明提供了丰富的理论资源和深厚的思想养料。这部名著的注释导读本是由邓安庆教授完成的,其本意是给通识类人文核心课程准备教材。译注主要依据的是多种德文版本,如Olof Gigorl翻译的Taschenbuch版,Eugen Rolfes翻译、Gunther Bien校对的Meiner版,Franz Dirlmeier翻译并作跋、ErnstA. Sctlmidt作注的Reclam版,也参考借鉴了英文版本和已有的中文译注本,并融合了课堂上针对学生提问的思考和解答。
译注的过程也是研究的过程,既要忠实原文,又要通俗易懂。在哲学史上还没有哪一位思想家像亚里士多德那样,获得那么多的译注,他的思想与其说活在他的原文中,不如说活在他的译注中。
超越功利主义 豆瓣
Uilitarianism and Beyond
作者: [印度] 阿马蒂亚·森 / [英] 伯纳德·威廉斯 译者: 梁捷 / 赵亚奎 复旦大学出版社 2011 - 11
本书收集了一些对功利主义的研究,既考虑作为个人道德理论的功利主义,也考虑了作为公共选择理论的功利主义。除了两篇论文以外,其他都是专为本书所作。
论可能生活 豆瓣
作者: 赵汀阳 中国人民大学出版社 2010 - 1
本书以无立场方法论重新分析了幸福和公正问题,试图重建一种综合中西理论优势的当代美德伦理学,其中关于幸福的两条原则,自成目的和他人礼物,典型地表达了作者在美德伦理学上的当代推进。