神經科學
Making Up the Mind 豆瓣
作者: [英] Chris Frith Wiley-Blackwell 2007 - 5
Inside your head there is an amazing labor saving device; more effective than the latest high-tech computer. Your brain frees you from the everyday tasks of moving about in the world around you, allowing you to concentrate on the things that are important to you; making friends and influencing people. However, the 'you' that is released into this social world is also a construction of your brain. It is your brain that enables you to share your mental life with the people around you.
Making Up the Mind is the first accessible account of experimental studies showing how the brain creates our mental world. Using evidence from brain imaging, psychological experiments, and patient studies, Chris Frith, one of the world's leading neuroscientists, explores the relationship between the mind and the brain.
Principles of Neural Science 豆瓣
作者: Eric R. Kandel McGraw-Hill Medical 2012 - 10
This title now updated: the definitive neuroscience resource-from Eric R. Kandel, MD (winner of the Nobel Prize in 2000); James H. Schwartz, MD, PhD; Thomas M. Jessell, PhD; Steven A. Siegelbaum, PhD; and A. J. Hudspeth, PhD 900 full-color illustrations. Deciphering the link between the human brain and behavior has always been one of the most intriguing - and often challenging-aspects of scientific endeavor. The sequencing of the human genome, and advances in molecular biology, have illuminated the pathogenesis of many neurological diseases and have propelled our knowledge of how the brain controls behavior. To grasp the wider implications of these developments and gain a fundamental understanding of this dynamic, fast-moving field, Principles of Neuroscience stands alone as the most authoritative and indispensible resource of its kind. In this classic text, prominent researchers in the field expertly survey the entire spectrum of neural science, giving an up-to-date, unparalleled view of the discipline for anyone who studies brain and mind. Here, in one remarkable volume, is the current state of neural science knowledge - ranging from molecules and cells, to anatomic structures and systems, to the senses and cognitive functions-all supported by more than 900 precise, full-color illustrations. In addition to clarifying complex topics, the book also benefits from a cohesive organization, beginning with an insightful overview of the interrelationships between the brain, nervous system, genes, and behavior. Principles of Neural Science then proceeds with an in-depth examination of the molecular and cellular biology of nerve cells, synaptic transmission, and the neural basis of cognition. The remaining sections illuminate how cells, molecules, and systems give us sight, hearing, touch, movement, thought, learning, memories, and emotions. The new fifth edition of Principles of Neural Science is thoroughly updated to reflect the tremendous amount of research, and the very latest clinical perspectives, that have significantly transformed the field within the last decade. Ultimately, Principles of Neural Science affirms that all behavior is an expression of neural activity, and that the future of clinical neurology and psychiatry hinges on the progress of neural science. Far exceeding the scope and scholarship of similar texts, this unmatched guide offers a commanding, scientifically rigorous perspective on the molecular mechanisms of neural function and disease-one that you'll continually rely on to advance your comprehension of brain, mind, and behavior. Features: the cornerstone reference in the field of neuroscience that explains how the nerves, brain, and mind function; clear emphasis on how behavior can be examined through the electrical activity of both individual neurons and systems of nerve cells; current focus on molecular biology as a tool for probing the pathogenesis of many neurological diseases, including muscular dystrophy, Huntington disease, and certain forms of Alzheimer's disease; more than 900 engaging full-color illustrations - including line drawings, radiographs, micrographs, and medical photographs clarify often-complex neuroscience concepts; outstanding section on the development and emergence of behavior, including important coverage of brain damage repair, the sexual differentiation of the nervous system, and the aging brain. Features: more detailed discussions of cognitive and behavioral functions, and an expanded review of cognitive processes; a focus on the increasing importance of computational neural science, which enhances our ability to record the brain's electrical activity and study cognitive processes more directly; and chapter-opening. Key concepts: provides a convenient, study-enhancing introduction to the material covered in each chapter; selected readings and full reference citations at the close of each chapter facilitate further study and research; and helpful appendices highlight basic circuit theory; the neurological examination of the patient; circulation of the brain; the blood-brain barrier, choroid plexus, and cerebrospinal fluid; neural networks; and theoretical approaches to neuroscience.
The Ecological Approach To Visual Perception 豆瓣
作者: James J. Gibson Psychology Press 1986 - 9
This is a book about how we see: the environment around us (its surfaces, their layout, and their colors and textures); where we are in the environment; whether or not we are moving and, if we are, where we are going; what things are good for; how to do things (to thread a needle or drive an automobile); or why things look as they do. The basic assumption is that vision depends on the eye which is connected to the brain. The author suggests that natural vision depends on the eyes in the head on a body supported by the ground, the brain being only the central organ of a complete visual system. When no constraints are put on the visual system, people look around, walk up to something interesting and move around it so as to see it from all sides, and go from one vista to another. That is natural vision -- and what this book is about.
Learning and Memory 豆瓣
作者: Mark A. Gluck / Eduardo Mercado Worth Publishers 2013 - 1
Rigorously updated, with a new modular format, the second edition of Learning and Memory brings a modern perspective to the study of this key topic. Reflecting the growing importance of neuroscience in the field, it compares brain studies and behavioural approaches in human and other animal species, and is available in full-color throughout.
Mind Hacks Goodreads 豆瓣
作者: Tom Stafford / Matt Webb O'Reilly Media 2004 - 12
This exploration into the moment-by-moment works of the brain uses cognitive neuroscience to present experiments, tricks, and tips related to vision, motor skills, attention, cognition, subliminal perception. Each "hack" examines specific operations of the brain. By seeing how the brain responds, you'll learn more about how the brain is put together. If you want to find out what's going on in your head, then Mind Hacks is the key.
Memory 豆瓣
作者: Larry Squire / Eric Kandel Roberts and Company Publishers 2008 - 7
Combining insights from both cognitive neuroscience and molecular biology, two of the world's leading experts address memory from molecules and cells to brain systems and cognition. What is memory and where in the brain is it stored? How is memory storage accomplished? This book touches on these questions and many more, showing how the recent convergence of psychology and biology has resulted in an exciting new synthesis of knowledge about learning and remembering. Memory: From Mind to Molecules is an ideal primer for courses on learning and memory or for general readers who are interested in discovering what is currently known about one of the basic aspects of human existence.
The Algebraic Mind: Integrating Connectionism and Cognitive Science Goodreads 豆瓣
作者: Gary F. Marcus The MIT Press 2003 - 3 其它标题: The Algebraic Mind
In The Algebraic Mind , Gary Marcus attempts to integrate two theories about how the mind works, one that says that the mind is a computer-like manipulator of symbols, and another that says that the mind is a large network of neurons working together in parallel. Resisting the conventional wisdom that says that if the mind is a large neural network it cannot simultaneously be a manipulator of symbols, Marcus outlines a variety of ways in which neural systems could be organized so as to manipulate symbols, and he shows why such systems are more likely to provide an adequate substrate for language and cognition than neural systems that are inconsistent with the manipulation of symbols. Concluding with a discussion of how a neurally realized system of symbol-manipulation could have evolved and how such a system could unfold developmentally within the womb, Marcus helps to set the future agenda of cognitive neuroscience.
Unsupervised Learning 豆瓣
A Bradford Book 1999 - 6
Since its founding in 1989 by Terrence Sejnowski, Neural Computation has become the leading journal in the field. Foundations of Neural Computationcollects, by topic, the most significant papers that have appeared in the journal over the past nine years.This volume of Foundations of Neural Computation, on unsupervised learning algorithms, focuses on neural network learning algorithms that do not require an explicit teacher. The goal of unsupervised learning is to extract an efficient internal representation of the statistical structure implicit in the inputs. These algorithms provide insights into the development of the cerebral cortex and implicit learning in humans. They are also of interest to engineers working in areas such as computer vision and speech recognition who seek efficient representations of raw input data.
Bottleneck - Our human interface with reality 豆瓣
作者: Richard Epworth Goforich 2014 - 3
Bottleneck is about “the Narrowness of Now”, the shockingly low information rate of human learning, our learning bottleneck. It is what we discover when we dare to apply the science of information to the psychology of perception. The book is aimed at anyone interested in the science behind our everyday human experience, and how we learn about the world around us. It reveals insights that will forever change your perspective on the world and people around you. - There is a paradox: The world we inhabit and experience through our senses appears incredibly detailed and rich in information, yet there is no scientific evidence that we are able to absorb more than a tiny trickle of fresh information from the reality that surrounds us. Bottleneck reveals the quantifiable evidence that most of the world we experience is an internal mental construct based on our history, how our mind creates a plausible narrative to make sense of what little we actually sense. This has profound implications for interactions between humans and technology. For example; it offers a scientific insight into the process of prejudice, inviting us to peer beyond our cosy moral judgements. Bottleneck also peers into the future, exploring how our learning bottleneck imposes a fundamental limit to humanity’s ability to conceive ever greater ideas.
Visual Intelligence 豆瓣
作者: Donald D. Hoffman W. W. Norton & Company 2000 - 2
Hoffman's exploration of the extraordinary creative genius of the mind's eye "has many virtues, of which sheer intellectual excitement is the foremost". He explains that far from being a passive recorder to a pre-existing world, the eye actively contructs every aspect of our visual experience. In an informal style with many illustrations, Hoffman presents the compelling scientific evidence for vision's constructive powers. He unveils a grammar of vision with a set of rules that govern our perception of line, colour, form, depth and motion. He also describes the loss of these constructive powers in patients and explores the spin-offs of visual intelligence in the arts and technology.
为什么大猩猩比专家高明 豆瓣 Goodreads
How We Decide
作者: [美] 乔纳·莱勒 译者: 丁丹 东方出版社 2010 - 10
失败是因为选择错误!这是第一本运用脑神经科学的惊人发现指导我们做出正确决定的书。
自柏拉图以来,哲学家就认为决定过程要么是理性的、要么是感性的。也就是说,我们要么仔细慎重地思考,要么“眼睛一眨”凭直觉做决定。
当科学家运用神经科学的最新工具打开大脑黑箱时,他们发现大脑并不是这样工作的。最好的决策是精心调和理智和情感的产物——具体怎么调和,取决于情境。例如,买房子时,最好让潜意识仔细考虑众多变量。但是选择股票时,直觉则会让我们误入歧途。诀窍在于知道什么时候该用什么脑区。而要做到这一点,我们需要更加努力(更加睿智)地思考自己是怎么思考的。
通过神经科学的前沿研究以及真实世界众多“决策者”——从飞行员到对冲基金投资者,从连环杀手到扑克选手——案例,乔纳•莱勒用我们所需的工具将我们武装起来。
莱勒还展示了一些人是怎么利用这门新知识制作更好的电视节目、赢得更多场足球比赛以及加强军事情报部门建设的。他的目标是回答任何人——从CEO到消防员——都感兴趣的两个问题:人脑是如何决策的?我们怎样做出更好的决定?在这本书里,会频繁出现“神”这个词。然而我并不是一个宗教家,也没有什么宗教信仰,当然也没有打算入教。我只是喜欢“神”这个词的发音而已。
当你走在路上的时候,一辆卡车忽然冲到面前,你可能会大叫“神啊”。在这样的语境里,我认为“神”也没有什么特殊的意义吧。
因此,我所说的“神”也没有特定的含义,只是因为喜欢,所以用在了这本书里。
我只是希望那些由于找不回人类的本质而痛苦的人们,能够回想起自己所失去的东西。而神的作用就在于此,我只不过在书中借用了一下而已。
那么,我所说的人类的本质是什么呢?
人类其实是一种一边为打破界限而惊喜,一边生存的动物。
心智的构建 豆瓣 Goodreads
Making Up The Mind: How The Brain Creates Our Mental World
8.0 (5 个评分) 作者: [英] Chris Frith 译者: 杨南昌 华东师范大学出版社 2012 - 7
在你的头脑里,有一种比最新高科技电脑还要高效的神奇节力装置,它可以帮助你免于应付周遭世界各种日常事务之烦劳,使你可以集中精力关注那些对你来说重要的事情:结交朋友和影响他人。当然,这个融入社会世界的“你”同时也是你的脑的一个建构物。正是你的脑,才使你能与你身边的人分享你的精神世界。
《心智的构建:脑如何创造我们的精神世界》通过大量详实的实验数据与案例,通俗简明、科学有趣地阐述了我们了解世界的方式——一种被作者称作自然式学习的方式,丰富了我们关于学习是怎样发生的理解。全书隐含着许多有关学习的生物学解释和新观点,为我们打开了一扇从神经科学视角理解学习的新窗口,是一本难得的了解我们脑如何构建精神世界的出色入门书,同时对于想了解脑、心智、行为与外部世界交互机理的读者来说,也是一本必读书。
Neuroscience Including Sylvius CD-ROM 豆瓣
作者: George J. Augustine / David Fitzpatrick Sinauer Associates 2004 - 6
Neuroscience is a comprehensive textbook created primarily for medical and premedical students it emphasizes the structure of the nervous system, the correlation of structure and function, and the structure/function relationships particularly pertinent to the practice of medicine. Although not primarily about pathology, the book includes the basis of a variety of neurological disorders. It could serve equally well as a text for medical students or for undergraduate neuroscience courses in which many of the students are premeds. Being both comprehensive and authoritative, it is also appropriate for graduate and professional use. The new edition offers a host of new features including a new art program and a completely revised version of the popular teaching aid, Sylvius: Fundamentals of Human Neural Structure, an interactive CD ROM atlas of the human nervous system. Major changes to the new edition also include: Additional neuroanatomical content, including two appendices: (1) The Brainstem and Cranial Nerves and (2) Vascular Supply, Meninges and Ventricles. Updated and new boxes on neurological and psychiatric diseases.