哲学
基督教的本质 豆瓣
作者:
费尔巴哈
译者:
荣震华
商务印书馆
1984
- 10
现在,在《基督教的本质》中,宗教影像既不被当作思想——至少不是思辨宗教哲学的意义上的那种思想——,也不被当作事物,而是就被当作影像来加以讨论。这就是说,在这本著作中,既不像基督教神话学那样把神学看作神秘的行为论(Pragmatologie),也不像思辨宗教哲学那样把神学看作本体论,而是把神学看作精神病理学。
作者在《基督教的本质》中所遵循的方法,是完全客观的方法——分析化学的方法。因而,在一切必要的和可能的地方,他都援引了文件(部分在正文底下,部分放在专门的《附录》之中),以便使由分析而得的结论合法化,也就是说,证明这些结论是有客观上的根由的。所以,如果人们觉得从他的方法得出的结果是怪诞的、非法的,那末,秉公而断,罪过并不在于他,而是在于对象。
作者在《基督教的本质》中所遵循的方法,是完全客观的方法——分析化学的方法。因而,在一切必要的和可能的地方,他都援引了文件(部分在正文底下,部分放在专门的《附录》之中),以便使由分析而得的结论合法化,也就是说,证明这些结论是有客观上的根由的。所以,如果人们觉得从他的方法得出的结果是怪诞的、非法的,那末,秉公而断,罪过并不在于他,而是在于对象。
人性的西方幻象 豆瓣
The Western Illusion of Human Nature
作者:
[美]马歇尔·萨林斯 著
/
王铭铭 编选
译者:
赵丙祥
/
胡宗泽
…
生活·读书·新知三联书店
2019
- 3
本书精选美国著名人类学家萨林斯的三篇论文,由王铭铭教授选编。
《关于资本主义的诸宇宙观》为萨林斯在拉德克利夫-布朗讲座的演说,关注的是太平洋群岛及其近邻亚美大陆的人民如何以互惠方式改造了资本主义的“冲击”,西方物品和西方人如何被整合成了本土权力。
《甜蜜的悲哀》这篇长文的主题是启蒙运动以来出现的西方经济行为模式背后的远古宇宙观背景,萨林斯力图通过此一探讨反思在人类学界以至整个西方社会科学界中长期处于支配地位的主要论点,如“罪恶”“需求”“权力”“秩序”等。
《人性的西方幻象》指出两千多年来西方人一直被“人性”的幽灵困扰:人是被迫受制于自身兽性的奴仆。萨林斯认为这种观念不过是一种幻象,这一幻象同样起源于文化,而通过修昔底德、霍布斯和约翰·亚当斯之间有趣的政治哲学关联,我们可以勾画出西方人在解决人性本恶这一基本命题过程中发展出来的独特形而上学。
当亚洲于18世纪进入欧洲的意识当中时,它马上就被当成了治疗剂。作为香料和毒品、美食与养生之地,东方,一如德米尼所言,不仅以其绚烂的外表让欧洲目眩神迷,也是潜入整个欧洲躯体的一种存在。——《关于资本主义的诸宇宙观》
身体必须以特别强烈且非常痛苦的方式承载社会结构。这就是我想在《甜蜜与权力》的考古学中提出的论点。在西方历史发展的某一特定阶段,人们对一切人类社会和人类行为的看法,都一度通过个人快乐和痛苦的美妙转喻而在常识和哲学层面上得以表达考察。——《甜蜜的悲哀》
西方文明建立在一个对于人性的顽固而错误的看法之上。对不起,请原谅;这不过是一个错误而已。但这种对人性的错误观点危及我们的存在,这倒可能是真的。——《人性的西方幻象》
《关于资本主义的诸宇宙观》为萨林斯在拉德克利夫-布朗讲座的演说,关注的是太平洋群岛及其近邻亚美大陆的人民如何以互惠方式改造了资本主义的“冲击”,西方物品和西方人如何被整合成了本土权力。
《甜蜜的悲哀》这篇长文的主题是启蒙运动以来出现的西方经济行为模式背后的远古宇宙观背景,萨林斯力图通过此一探讨反思在人类学界以至整个西方社会科学界中长期处于支配地位的主要论点,如“罪恶”“需求”“权力”“秩序”等。
《人性的西方幻象》指出两千多年来西方人一直被“人性”的幽灵困扰:人是被迫受制于自身兽性的奴仆。萨林斯认为这种观念不过是一种幻象,这一幻象同样起源于文化,而通过修昔底德、霍布斯和约翰·亚当斯之间有趣的政治哲学关联,我们可以勾画出西方人在解决人性本恶这一基本命题过程中发展出来的独特形而上学。
当亚洲于18世纪进入欧洲的意识当中时,它马上就被当成了治疗剂。作为香料和毒品、美食与养生之地,东方,一如德米尼所言,不仅以其绚烂的外表让欧洲目眩神迷,也是潜入整个欧洲躯体的一种存在。——《关于资本主义的诸宇宙观》
身体必须以特别强烈且非常痛苦的方式承载社会结构。这就是我想在《甜蜜与权力》的考古学中提出的论点。在西方历史发展的某一特定阶段,人们对一切人类社会和人类行为的看法,都一度通过个人快乐和痛苦的美妙转喻而在常识和哲学层面上得以表达考察。——《甜蜜的悲哀》
西方文明建立在一个对于人性的顽固而错误的看法之上。对不起,请原谅;这不过是一个错误而已。但这种对人性的错误观点危及我们的存在,这倒可能是真的。——《人性的西方幻象》
孟德斯鸠与卢梭 豆瓣
作者:
[法国] 埃米尔·涂尔干
译者:
李鲁宁
/
赵立玮
…
上海人民出版社
2006
- 8
本卷的主题为政治哲学,共包括三个部分的内容。第一篇文献为《孟德斯鸠与卢梭》;第二篇文献则是根据涂尔干专门讨论社会主义问题的讲义整理而成,为《社会主义与圣西门》;在最后一部分中,编选了涂尔干所发表的专论政治理论和政治问题的书评、笔记、论文和讨论等。
本书为《涂尔干文集》的第五卷,主题为政治哲学,第一篇文献为《孟德斯鸠与卢梭》,由两部分组成:《孟德斯鸠对社会科学兴起的贡献》和《卢梭的(社会契约论)》。在这两篇文献中,涂尔干的立论都试图暗示:社会学的肇端应该追溯到孟德斯鸠和卢梭有关“法”的理论。
第二篇《社会主义与圣西门》根据涂尔干的课程讲义整理而成,核心论题是社会主义与共产主义的基本差别,由这一差别可以引出两者在起源、样态、社会建构的形式和方向上的根本差别。
本书为研究涂尔干的政治哲学思想所不可或缺,通过考察他对卢梭和孟德斯鸠思想的诠释和对社会主义理论基础的检视得以更全面和透彻的理解涂尔干的思想,并且本书的翻译水准很高。
本书为《涂尔干文集》的第五卷,主题为政治哲学,第一篇文献为《孟德斯鸠与卢梭》,由两部分组成:《孟德斯鸠对社会科学兴起的贡献》和《卢梭的(社会契约论)》。在这两篇文献中,涂尔干的立论都试图暗示:社会学的肇端应该追溯到孟德斯鸠和卢梭有关“法”的理论。
第二篇《社会主义与圣西门》根据涂尔干的课程讲义整理而成,核心论题是社会主义与共产主义的基本差别,由这一差别可以引出两者在起源、样态、社会建构的形式和方向上的根本差别。
本书为研究涂尔干的政治哲学思想所不可或缺,通过考察他对卢梭和孟德斯鸠思想的诠释和对社会主义理论基础的检视得以更全面和透彻的理解涂尔干的思想,并且本书的翻译水准很高。
从德性到自由 豆瓣
Leo Strauss’ Course: Montesquieu’s The Spirit of the Laws
作者:
(美) 列奥·施特劳斯
译者:
托马斯·潘戈 整理
/
黄涛 译
华东师范大学出版社
2017
- 3
施特劳斯在1965至1966年间的讲课,或许能进一步丰富我们对《论法的精神》的理解——迄今,坊间对此书的印象,大多仍停留在“三权分立,权力制衡”这一命题。擅长文本细读功夫的施特劳斯,带领着美国学生们研读这一作品,将孟氏的巨著视为政治哲学作品来严肃对待。与此同时,施特劳斯也延续了向来的授课风格:少给定论,多给问题。在讲课中,他努力启发学生们思考:《论法的精神》何以是现代政治哲学的奠基之作?它如何隐秘地颠倒了西方传统政治学的考察方式?对德性与自由的新理解,又如何为现代人的政治生活设下困境……
Symposium 豆瓣
Συμπόσιον
作者:
Plato
译者:
Alexander Nehamas
/
Paul Woodruff
Hackett
1989
Review
An all-male dinner party in Athens in 416 BC, with plentiful wine and attentive serving-girls, seems an unlikely setting for one of the world's greatest treatises on the nature of love. Yet in the Symposium Plato presents a series of witty, erudite and immensely readable speeches on love, in a setting which would be very familiar to the Athenians of the day. Students of classical Greek will delight in Robin Waterfield's fluent yet comfortable translation. His emphasis on accessibility rather than over-literalism has produced a translation sparkling with wit and ideas, which classicists and non-classicists alike will enjoy reading. Waterfield's fascinating introduction to the text provides valuable background to the sexual mores of the time and the social culture of classical Greece. He also examines each speech in detail, elucidating some of the more oblique points of the text to enable the reader to tackle it with confidence. The Greek playwright Agathon has walked off with the laurels at a recent competition, and is celebrating his victory with a select dinner party, or symposium. As he and his guests take their places, they decide to hold back on the amount of wine they consume and talk about love. The guests at the symposium are a mixed bunch of characters, who deliver their speeches in various styles and with different reactions from their appreciative listeners. Agathon's fellow playwright, the comic master Aristophanes, is there, as is Erxymachus, a doctor, and of course Socrates himself, brilliant philosopher and Plato's mentor. The conversation ranges from a declaration of the importance of homoerotic love to Socrates's account of his discussions with the prophetess Diotima, who claimed that we can only achieve true goodness through love. Into this scene of convivial discussion bursts Alcibiades, ex-lover of Socrates, military genius and famous bon viveur with a scandalous reputation. Thrusting himself between Socrates and his latest lover, Agathon, Alcibiades insists on joining in with the discussion but soon digresses and talks about his own love for Socrates. Although some critics have found the gate-crashing Alcibiades's speech sits awkwardly on such profound metaphysical discussion, it reminds the reader of the physical reality of love, while making several pointed references back to earlier speeches. As Waterfield says at the beginning of his introduction, the Symposium should be read at a sitting and re-visited for further enjoyment and insight. Layer after layer of meaning becomes revealed, and this slender dialogue proves to be a box of ever-increasing delights. (Kirkus UK)
An all-male dinner party in Athens in 416 BC, with plentiful wine and attentive serving-girls, seems an unlikely setting for one of the world's greatest treatises on the nature of love. Yet in the Symposium Plato presents a series of witty, erudite and immensely readable speeches on love, in a setting which would be very familiar to the Athenians of the day. Students of classical Greek will delight in Robin Waterfield's fluent yet comfortable translation. His emphasis on accessibility rather than over-literalism has produced a translation sparkling with wit and ideas, which classicists and non-classicists alike will enjoy reading. Waterfield's fascinating introduction to the text provides valuable background to the sexual mores of the time and the social culture of classical Greece. He also examines each speech in detail, elucidating some of the more oblique points of the text to enable the reader to tackle it with confidence. The Greek playwright Agathon has walked off with the laurels at a recent competition, and is celebrating his victory with a select dinner party, or symposium. As he and his guests take their places, they decide to hold back on the amount of wine they consume and talk about love. The guests at the symposium are a mixed bunch of characters, who deliver their speeches in various styles and with different reactions from their appreciative listeners. Agathon's fellow playwright, the comic master Aristophanes, is there, as is Erxymachus, a doctor, and of course Socrates himself, brilliant philosopher and Plato's mentor. The conversation ranges from a declaration of the importance of homoerotic love to Socrates's account of his discussions with the prophetess Diotima, who claimed that we can only achieve true goodness through love. Into this scene of convivial discussion bursts Alcibiades, ex-lover of Socrates, military genius and famous bon viveur with a scandalous reputation. Thrusting himself between Socrates and his latest lover, Agathon, Alcibiades insists on joining in with the discussion but soon digresses and talks about his own love for Socrates. Although some critics have found the gate-crashing Alcibiades's speech sits awkwardly on such profound metaphysical discussion, it reminds the reader of the physical reality of love, while making several pointed references back to earlier speeches. As Waterfield says at the beginning of his introduction, the Symposium should be read at a sitting and re-visited for further enjoyment and insight. Layer after layer of meaning becomes revealed, and this slender dialogue proves to be a box of ever-increasing delights. (Kirkus UK)
A Concise Introduction to Logic 豆瓣
A Concise Introduction to Logic
作者:
Patrick J. Hurley
Wadsworth Publishing
2011
- 1
Unsurpassed for its clarity and comprehensiveness, Hurley's A CONCISE INTRODUCTION TO LOGIC is the #1 introductory logic textbook in the market. In this Eleventh Edition, Hurley continues to build upon the tradition of a lucid, focused, and accessible presentation of the basic subject matter of logic, both formal and informal. Hurley's extensive, carefully sequenced collection of exercises continue to guide students toward greater proficiency with the skills they are learning.
Review
"What I like perhaps most about Hurley's text is the organization of the material. His book introduces the material in step-by-step way building off of what was just learned the section before and adding just enough information to each section to simplify the whole process of learning logic." - David Weise, Gonzaga University
"This is the "gold standard" of introductory logic texts." - Frank Ryan, Kent State University
"It is the clearest text, with the best technology available." - Stephanie Semler, Radford University
"Hurley's text provides a methodical introduction to the strategies and techniques usually covered in an introductory logic course, including both formal and informal topics. Numerous exercises provide plenty of opportunity for students to practice the skills they have learned." - Allyson Mount, Keene State College
"Hurley's book is thorough and very accessible to instructors and students. One of the best logic texts on the market." - Paula Smithka, University of Southern Mississippi
Review
"What I like perhaps most about Hurley's text is the organization of the material. His book introduces the material in step-by-step way building off of what was just learned the section before and adding just enough information to each section to simplify the whole process of learning logic." - David Weise, Gonzaga University
"This is the "gold standard" of introductory logic texts." - Frank Ryan, Kent State University
"It is the clearest text, with the best technology available." - Stephanie Semler, Radford University
"Hurley's text provides a methodical introduction to the strategies and techniques usually covered in an introductory logic course, including both formal and informal topics. Numerous exercises provide plenty of opportunity for students to practice the skills they have learned." - Allyson Mount, Keene State College
"Hurley's book is thorough and very accessible to instructors and students. One of the best logic texts on the market." - Paula Smithka, University of Southern Mississippi
存在主义咖啡馆 Goodreads 豆瓣
At the Existentialist Café:Freedom,Being,and Apricot Cocktails
8.6 (186 个评分)
作者:
[英国] 莎拉·贝克韦尔
译者:
沈敏一
北京联合出版公司
2017
- 12
巴黎,1933年……
三位朋友正坐在蒙帕纳斯大道上的煤气灯酒吧里喝着杏子鸡尾酒。其中一个叫雷蒙·阿隆的年轻哲学家,正在向同为哲学家的让-保罗·萨特和西蒙娜·德·波伏娃盛赞一种他在德国发现的新鲜哲学——现象学。“你看,”他说,“如果你是一个现象学家,你可以谈论这杯鸡尾酒,然后从中研究出哲学来!”
就这样,20世纪影响最广泛也最深远的哲学运动发端了。受到启发的萨特,将现象学与他那种法式的人文主义情感结合在一起,创立了一门全新的哲学思想——现代存在主义。
在本书中,英国著名作家莎拉·贝克韦尔将历史、传记与哲学结合在一起,以史诗般恢弘的视角,激情地讲述了一个充满了斗争、爱情、反抗与背叛的存在主义故事,深入探讨了在今天这个纷争不断、技术驱动的世界里,当我们每个人再次面对有关绝对自由、全球责任与人类真实性的问题时,曾经也受过它们困扰的存在主义者能告诉我们什么。
三位朋友正坐在蒙帕纳斯大道上的煤气灯酒吧里喝着杏子鸡尾酒。其中一个叫雷蒙·阿隆的年轻哲学家,正在向同为哲学家的让-保罗·萨特和西蒙娜·德·波伏娃盛赞一种他在德国发现的新鲜哲学——现象学。“你看,”他说,“如果你是一个现象学家,你可以谈论这杯鸡尾酒,然后从中研究出哲学来!”
就这样,20世纪影响最广泛也最深远的哲学运动发端了。受到启发的萨特,将现象学与他那种法式的人文主义情感结合在一起,创立了一门全新的哲学思想——现代存在主义。
在本书中,英国著名作家莎拉·贝克韦尔将历史、传记与哲学结合在一起,以史诗般恢弘的视角,激情地讲述了一个充满了斗争、爱情、反抗与背叛的存在主义故事,深入探讨了在今天这个纷争不断、技术驱动的世界里,当我们每个人再次面对有关绝对自由、全球责任与人类真实性的问题时,曾经也受过它们困扰的存在主义者能告诉我们什么。
查拉图斯特拉如是说 豆瓣
作者:
(德)弗里德里希•尼采
译者:
钱春绮
雅众文化/外语教学与研究出版社
2019
- 1
尼采哲学思想的集大成之作,翻译家钱春绮先生的经典译本!再版再校订,品质更精良。
《查拉图斯特拉如是说》是尼采里程碑式的代表作。
查拉图斯特拉在山上过了十年隐居生活后,决定下山宣讲他的思想,却发现自己不能被人理解,于是又回到山上。此后,他反复地入世与出世,思想也随之渐趋成熟。最终,他欢呼着启程下山,去迎接“伟大的正午”。
在这本书中,尼采提出“永远回 归”“超人”和“权力意志”的思想。认为人处在动物与超人之间的过渡阶段,提倡人们“超越自己”。全书以散文诗的风格写成,文字优美。尼采的思想影响深远,启发了海德格尔、萨特、福柯等哲学家以及茨威格、黑塞、里尔克等文学家。
《查拉图斯特拉如是说》是尼采里程碑式的代表作。
查拉图斯特拉在山上过了十年隐居生活后,决定下山宣讲他的思想,却发现自己不能被人理解,于是又回到山上。此后,他反复地入世与出世,思想也随之渐趋成熟。最终,他欢呼着启程下山,去迎接“伟大的正午”。
在这本书中,尼采提出“永远回 归”“超人”和“权力意志”的思想。认为人处在动物与超人之间的过渡阶段,提倡人们“超越自己”。全书以散文诗的风格写成,文字优美。尼采的思想影响深远,启发了海德格尔、萨特、福柯等哲学家以及茨威格、黑塞、里尔克等文学家。
利维坦--论人类和国家(英文版) 豆瓣
作者:
(英)托马斯·霍布斯
2017
- 9
Godel, Escher, Bach 豆瓣 谷歌图书
作者:
Douglas R Hofstadter
Penguin
2000
- 3
'What is a self, and how can a self come out of inaminate matter?' This is the riddle that drove Hofstadter to write this extraordinary book. Linking together the music of J.S. Bach, the graphic art of Escher and the mathematical theorems of Godel, as well as ideas drawn from logic, biology, psychology, physics and linguistics, Douglas Hofstadter illuminates one of the greatest mysteries of modern science: the nature of human thought processes. 'Every few decades an unknown author brings outa book of such depth, clarity, range, wit, beauty and originality that it is recognized at once as a major literary event. This is such a work' - Martin Gardner