历史
旧制度与大革命 豆瓣
L'Ancien régime et la Révolution
9.2 (77 个评分)
作者:
[法国] 托克维尔
译者:
冯棠
商务印书馆
1992
- 8
这部《旧制度与大革命》给我们带来了什么新东西,发了什么前人所未发的新意?托克维尔开宗明义就指出,他从事的是“关于法国革命的研究”,而不是写另一部大革命史。既是“研究”,就要提出问题。从各章题目就可以知道作者要解决的是哪些问题。从方法论说,这也可以称为后来“年鉴学派”创导的问题史学。例如,托克维尔企图说明:何以全欧洲几乎都有同样的政体,它们如何到处都陷于崩溃?何以封建特权对法国人民比在其他地方变得更为可憎?何以中央集权行政体制是旧制度的体制,而不是大革命或帝国的创造?何以18世纪的法国的人们比其他国家人民更彼此相似,同时又彼此分离,漠不相关?尽管文明不断进步,何以18世纪法国农民的处境有时甚至比13世纪的农民处境更恶劣?何以18世纪法国文人成为国家的主要政治人物?何以法国人宁愿先要改革,后要自由?何以行政革命先于政治革命?路易十六时期是旧王朝最繁荣时
期,这种繁荣如何加速了革命?等等。每一个问题几乎都可写成专著。
与19世纪一些思想家、哲学家——从斯塔埃尔夫人到基内——不同,托克维尔不是凭空“思考”法国革命,而是扎扎实实地依靠对原始材料的分析研究得出结论。他阅读、利用了前人从未接触过的大量档案材料,包括古老的土地清册、赋税簿籍、地方与中央的奏章、指示和大臣间的通信、三级会议记录和1789年的陈情书。他是第一个查阅有关国有财产出售法令的历史家;他还努力挖掘涉及农民状况和农民起义的资料。根据这些史料,他得以深入了解、具体描绘旧制度下的土地、财产、教会、三级会议、中央与地方行政、农民生活、贵族地位、第三等级状况等,并阐发自己的论点。
期,这种繁荣如何加速了革命?等等。每一个问题几乎都可写成专著。
与19世纪一些思想家、哲学家——从斯塔埃尔夫人到基内——不同,托克维尔不是凭空“思考”法国革命,而是扎扎实实地依靠对原始材料的分析研究得出结论。他阅读、利用了前人从未接触过的大量档案材料,包括古老的土地清册、赋税簿籍、地方与中央的奏章、指示和大臣间的通信、三级会议记录和1789年的陈情书。他是第一个查阅有关国有财产出售法令的历史家;他还努力挖掘涉及农民状况和农民起义的资料。根据这些史料,他得以深入了解、具体描绘旧制度下的土地、财产、教会、三级会议、中央与地方行政、农民生活、贵族地位、第三等级状况等,并阐发自己的论点。
中國文化史通釋 豆瓣
作者:
余英時
牛津大學出版社
2010
- 1
余英時教授著作等身,2006 年11 月16 日,美國國會圖書館館長詹姆士·畢靈頓博士宣布余英時獲得美國國會圖書館克魯格人文與社會科學終身成就獎 (Kluge Prize rewards lifetime achievement ),實在實至名歸。
本書是余教授最新的著述。余教授的文化史通釋,不但研究上層的經典 (如儒選) 而且也注重下層的民間思想,尤其關懷上、下層之間的互動。不但探索中國思想史的連續性 (continuities) ,而且也分析它的斷裂狀態 (discontinuities)。余教授過去的研究工作,重點主要放在中國思想史的幾個重大的變動時代,如春秋戰國之際、漢晋之際、唐宋之際、明清之際,這是四個最有突破性的轉型期。今天研究中國思想史不能不具備一種比較的眼光 (comparative perspective),但不能流入一種牽強的比附 (forced analogy)。
本書是余教授最新的著述。余教授的文化史通釋,不但研究上層的經典 (如儒選) 而且也注重下層的民間思想,尤其關懷上、下層之間的互動。不但探索中國思想史的連續性 (continuities) ,而且也分析它的斷裂狀態 (discontinuities)。余教授過去的研究工作,重點主要放在中國思想史的幾個重大的變動時代,如春秋戰國之際、漢晋之際、唐宋之際、明清之際,這是四個最有突破性的轉型期。今天研究中國思想史不能不具備一種比較的眼光 (comparative perspective),但不能流入一種牽強的比附 (forced analogy)。
The Guns of August 豆瓣 Goodreads
The Guns of August
作者:
Barbara W. Tuchman
Presidio Press
2004
- 8
Historian and Pulitzer Prize-winning author Barbara Tuchman has brought to life again the people and events that led up to World War I. With attention to fascinating detail, and an intense knowledge of her subject and its characters, Ms. Tuchman reveals, for the first time, just how the war started, why, and why it could have been stopped but wasn't. A classic historical survey of a time and a people we all need to know more about, The Guns of August will not be forgotten.
Stilwell and the American Experience in China, 1911-45 豆瓣 Goodreads
Stilwell and the American Experience in China 1911-45
作者:
Barbara W. Tuchman
Grove Press
2001
- 10
Barbara W. Tuchman won the Pulitzer Prize for Stilwell and the American Experience in China, 1911-45 in 1972. She uses the life of Joseph Stilwell, the military attache to China in 1935-39 and commander of United States forces and allied chief of staff to Chiang Kai-shek in 1942-44, to explore the history of China from the revolution of 1911 to the turmoil of World War II, when China's Nationalist government faced attack from Japanese invaders and Communist insurgents. Her story is an account of both American relations with China and the experiences of one of our men on the ground. In the cantankerous but level-headed "Vinegar Joe," Tuchman found a subject who allowed her to perform, in the words of The National Review, "one of the historian's most envied magic acts: conjoining a fine biography of a man with a fascinating epic story."
這樣事和誰細講 豆瓣
作者:
章詒和
牛津大學出版社
2009
- 10
中國民主同盟上層人士的故事和他們日常生活的種種細節,生動的描述出整個中國社會的精神氛圍和國人的生存狀態。可以說,在很長的一個時期,我們官府幹的事情,就是如何監管和便於監管百姓;而對知識分子幹的事情,就是讓他們不斷處於恐怖狀態。今天的情況,改善多了,但是,內心的不安全感並未徹底消除。過去經歷種種災難和不幸,改頭換面地傳承繁衍下來。大家或小心翼翼,或圓滑處世。民族和個人是一樣的,都有自己的生命之途。我們民族很偉大,也很悲哀。從思想意識到政治制度到心理情愫,有一條堅韌的臍帶維繫著內在連續性。沒有一個國家能滅絕它,也沒有一個國家能改變它。
章詒和在書中想說的是,中國只有從內部生發出的力量,才能逐步導致它產生實質性變化,達到洗心革面,煥然一新。而我們每一個人,就屬於這力量的一部分。
這樣的寫作,對於章詒和來說,是痛苦的,但又是她生命中的一部分,字字連著血和肉。這本書,斷斷續續寫了六年,她說每次都由於傷心過度而擱筆。這樣的書,誰是它的讀者呢,作者遂有「這樣事和誰細講」的感歎。它是清人王慶瀾所作散曲中的一句,讀來很「水」,想來有味,便拿來做了書名。
章詒和在書中想說的是,中國只有從內部生發出的力量,才能逐步導致它產生實質性變化,達到洗心革面,煥然一新。而我們每一個人,就屬於這力量的一部分。
這樣的寫作,對於章詒和來說,是痛苦的,但又是她生命中的一部分,字字連著血和肉。這本書,斷斷續續寫了六年,她說每次都由於傷心過度而擱筆。這樣的書,誰是它的讀者呢,作者遂有「這樣事和誰細講」的感歎。它是清人王慶瀾所作散曲中的一句,讀來很「水」,想來有味,便拿來做了書名。
順長江,水流殘月 豆瓣
作者:
章詒和
牛津大学出版社
2007
- 1
若說《最後的貴族》寫了頭號右派章伯鈞身邊的戰友,牛津大學出版社即將出版的章詒和新書《順長江,水流殘月》,則只寫章伯鈞、羅隆基兩個人。其實,章羅是大右派,而在1957年反右派運動中,受苦最深的是那些小右派:十幾歲就被開除了的學生,二十幾歲就沒了工作的職工,還有被關押的,送了命的。要記住他們!記住他們,也就是記住了歷史。這是章詒和一定要用文字刻寫下來,使之成为民族的記憶。
该书只收人物传记两篇,即原民盟领导人,50年前被划为右派,至今为数不多未获改正的作者父亲章伯钧和"章罗联盟"的另一成员,原民盟领导人,亦未获改正的罗隆基的传记。
章传文题为《云山几盘,江流几湾,天涯极目空肠断----章伯钧在1957》.该文后面附录有:《章伯钧传达毛泽东在最高国务会议讲话的记录稿》,《各民主党派中央关于处理党派内部右派分子的若干原则规定》,《章伯钧右派定性材料》等七件.及当时的反右漫画和会议记录等原件的照片
罗传文题为《顺长江,水流残月----泪祭罗隆基》。作者在论及罗隆基搞小圈子及章罗矛盾时,对罗是持肯定态度的。认为1957年反右后,章罗的观点才完全统一,才是“联盟“的真正开始。
文中还公布了1957年反右中在民盟中总共划右派5,173人,占全盟人数的15.6%.罗列了被划的副主席2人,中常委12人,中委27人,候补中委20人的名单。在中委,候补中委中共划右61人,占全部中委,候补中委的33.6%.
书前作者的《自序》立题:《我所悲兮在远道》,其中用几近一半文字,引用了1957年5月24日的《内部参考》-----《人民日报》记者以《对最近的中共整风有什么看法?》为题对作家冰心的采访。其结果是冰心的先生吴文藻被划为右派。
封4上面的文字是:“父亲的一生以及父亲的故事,是一页永远写不满的稿纸,因为他们的生命都了断在删节号上。我相信世上有许多事,会永远淹没在黑暗里。”
全书后面附:人名索引,出现一次著录一次。极便检索。
该书只收人物传记两篇,即原民盟领导人,50年前被划为右派,至今为数不多未获改正的作者父亲章伯钧和"章罗联盟"的另一成员,原民盟领导人,亦未获改正的罗隆基的传记。
章传文题为《云山几盘,江流几湾,天涯极目空肠断----章伯钧在1957》.该文后面附录有:《章伯钧传达毛泽东在最高国务会议讲话的记录稿》,《各民主党派中央关于处理党派内部右派分子的若干原则规定》,《章伯钧右派定性材料》等七件.及当时的反右漫画和会议记录等原件的照片
罗传文题为《顺长江,水流残月----泪祭罗隆基》。作者在论及罗隆基搞小圈子及章罗矛盾时,对罗是持肯定态度的。认为1957年反右后,章罗的观点才完全统一,才是“联盟“的真正开始。
文中还公布了1957年反右中在民盟中总共划右派5,173人,占全盟人数的15.6%.罗列了被划的副主席2人,中常委12人,中委27人,候补中委20人的名单。在中委,候补中委中共划右61人,占全部中委,候补中委的33.6%.
书前作者的《自序》立题:《我所悲兮在远道》,其中用几近一半文字,引用了1957年5月24日的《内部参考》-----《人民日报》记者以《对最近的中共整风有什么看法?》为题对作家冰心的采访。其结果是冰心的先生吴文藻被划为右派。
封4上面的文字是:“父亲的一生以及父亲的故事,是一页永远写不满的稿纸,因为他们的生命都了断在删节号上。我相信世上有许多事,会永远淹没在黑暗里。”
全书后面附:人名索引,出现一次著录一次。极便检索。
That Noble Dream 豆瓣
作者:
Peter Novick
Cambridge University Press
1988
- 9
The aspiration to relate the past 'as it really happened' has been the central goal of American professional historians since the late nineteenth century. In this remarkable history of the profession, Peter Novick shows how the idea and ideal of objectivity were elaborated, challenged, modified, and defended over the last century. Drawing on the unpublished correspondence as well as the published writings of hundreds of American historians from J. Franklin Jameson and Charles Beard to Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., and Eugene Genovese, That Noble Dream is a richly textured account of what American historians have thought they were doing, or ought to be doing, when they wrote history - how their principles influenced their practice and practical exigencies influenced their principles.
A Midwife's Tale 豆瓣
作者:
Laurel Thatcher Ulrich
Vintage Books
1991
- 6
Painting and Experience in Fifteenth Century Italy 豆瓣 谷歌图书
作者:
Michael Baxandall
Oxford Paperbacks
1988
- 5
其它标题:
Painting and Experience in Fifteenth-Century Italy
Serving as both an introduction to fifteenth-century Italian painting and as a text on how to interpret social history from the style of pictures in a given historical period, this new edition to Baxandall's pre-eminent scholarly volume examines early Renaissance painting, and explains how the style of painting in any society reflects the visual skills and habits that evolve out of daily life. Renaissance painting, for example, mirrors the experience of such activities as preaching, dancing, and gauging barrels. The volume includes discussions of a wide variety of painters, including Filippo Lippi, Fra Angelico, Stefano di Giovanni, Sandro Botticelli, Masaccio, Luca Signorelli, Boccaccio, and countless others. Baxandall also defines and illustrates sixteen concepts used by a contemporary critic of painting, thereby assembling the basic equipment needed to explore fifteenth-century art.
This new second edition includes an appendix that lists the original Latin and Italian texts referred to throughout the book, providing the reader with all the relevant, authentic sources. It also contains an updated bibliography and a new reproduction of a recently restored painting which replaces the original.
This new second edition includes an appendix that lists the original Latin and Italian texts referred to throughout the book, providing the reader with all the relevant, authentic sources. It also contains an updated bibliography and a new reproduction of a recently restored painting which replaces the original.
触摸历史与进入五四 豆瓣
作者:
陈平原
北京大学出版社
2005
- 9
《触摸历史与进入五四》讲述无论是追溯学科之形成,分析理论框架之建构,还是评价具体的名家名著、学派体系,都无法脱离其所处时代的思想文化潮流。在这个意义上,学术史与思想史、文化史确实颇多牵连。不只是外部环境的共同制约,更有内在理路的相互交织。想象学术史研究可以关起门来,“就学问谈学问”,既不现实,也不可取。正因如此,本丛书不问“家法”迥异、“门户”对立,也淡漠“学科”的边界与“方法”的分歧,只要是眼界开阔且论证严密的学术以及思想史、文化史方面的著述,均可入选。也许,话应该倒过来说:欢迎有志于通过触摸历史、感受传统、反省学科进而重建中国学术的学人,加盟此项说大不大、说小不小的“文化工程”。
The Appropriation of Cultural Capital 豆瓣
作者:
Milena Doleželová-Velingerová
/
Oldřich Král
Harvard University Asia Center
2002
- 3
For much of the twentieth century, the May Fourth movement of 1919 was seen as the foundational moment of modernity in China. Recent examinations of literary and cultural modernity in China have, however, led to a questioning of this view. By approaching May Fourth from novel perspectives, the authors of the eight studies in this volume seek to contribute to the ongoing critique of the movement.
The essays are centered on the intellectual and cultural/historical motivations and practices behind May Fourth discourse and highlight issues such as strategies of discourse formation, scholarly methodologies, rhetorical dispositions, the manipulation of historical sources, and the construction of modernity by means of the reification of China’s literary past.
The essays are centered on the intellectual and cultural/historical motivations and practices behind May Fourth discourse and highlight issues such as strategies of discourse formation, scholarly methodologies, rhetorical dispositions, the manipulation of historical sources, and the construction of modernity by means of the reification of China’s literary past.
Nineteenth-Century Europe 豆瓣
作者:
Michael Rapport
Palgrave
2005
- 10
This book explores Europe's 'long nineteenth century', from the French Revolution in 1789 until the outbreak of the First World War in 1914. Telling the story of how Europeans entered politics in the fiery trials of revolution and industrialization, the account opens with the French Revolution, passes through the crucible of the 1848 Revolutions and ends with the emergence of mass movements - socialist, revolutionary, nationalist and authoritarian - which anticipated those of the twentieth century. Along the way, Michael Rapport describes how people experienced the changes which affected European society, including: - poverty and living conditions - the abolition of serfdom (particularly in Russia) - the changing status and role of women - the expansion of education and literacy - the growth of popular culture. Rapport also considers international developments such as: - warfare - the unifications of Italy and Germany - the emergence of new states in the Balkans - the origins of the First World War - European imperialism across the globe. Paying attention to all of the major powers, but also to others, particularly Spain, Italy and the Balkan states, this is an ideal introduction for all those interested in the history of Europe in the nineteenth century.
War & Genocide 豆瓣
作者:
Bergen, Doris L.
Rowman & Littlefield Pub Inc
A Concise History of Germany , Second Edition 豆瓣
作者:
Mary Fulbrook
Cambridge University Press
2004
- 3
The multi-faceted, problematic history of the German lands has supplied material for a wide range of debates and differences of interpretation. This second edition spans the early Middle Ages to the present day, synthesizing a vast array of historical material. Mary Fulbrook explores the interrelationships between social, political and cultural factors in the light of the latest scholarly controversies.