populism
What Is Populism? 豆瓣 Goodreads
Was ist Populismus?: Ein Essay
7.9 (8 个评分) 作者: Jan-Werner Müller University of Pennsylvania Press 2016 - 8
Donald Trump, Silvio Berlusconi, Marine Le Pen, Hugo Chávez—populists are on the rise across the globe. But what exactly is populism? Should everyone who criticizes Wall Street or Washington be called a populist? What precisely is the difference between right-wing and left-wing populism? Does populism bring government closer to the people or is it a threat to democracy? Who are "the people" anyway and who can speak in their name? These questions have never been more pressing.
In this groundbreaking volume, Jan-Werner Müller argues that at populism's core is a rejection of pluralism. Populists will always claim that they and they alone represent the people and their true interests. Müller also shows that, contrary to conventional wisdom, populists can govern on the basis of their claim to exclusive moral representation of the people: if populists have enough power, they will end up creating an authoritarian state that excludes all those not considered part of the proper "people." The book proposes a number of concrete strategies for how liberal democrats should best deal with populists and, in particular, how to counter their claims to speak exclusively for "the silent majority" or "the real people."
Analytical, accessible, and provocative, What Is Populism? is grounded in history and draws on examples from Latin America, Europe, and the United States to define the characteristics of populism and the deeper causes of its electoral successes in our time.
Inside the Radical Right 豆瓣
作者: David Art Cambridge University Press 2011
What explains the cross-national variation in the radical right's electoral success over the last several decades? Challenging existing structural and institutional accounts, this book analyzes the dynamics of party building and explores the attitudes, skills, and experiences of radical right activists in eleven different countries. Based on extensive field research and an original data set of radical right candidates for office, David Art links the quality of radical right activists to broader patterns of success and failure. He demonstrates how a combination of historical legacies and incentive structures produced activists who helped party building in some cases, and doomed it in others. In an age of rising electoral volatility and the fading of traditional political cleavages, Inside the Radical Right makes a strong case for the importance of party leaders and activists as masters of their own fate.
群体性孤独 豆瓣
Alone Together:Why We Expect More from Technology and Less from Each Other
6.1 (13 个评分) 作者: [美] 雪莉·特克尔 译者: 周逵 / 刘菁荆 浙江人民出版社 2014 - 3
[内容简介]
☆ 你是否也熟悉这样的场景:家人在一起,不是交心,而是各自看电脑和手机;朋友聚会,不是叙旧,而是拼命刷新微博、微信;课堂上,老师在讲,学生在网上聊天;会议中,别人在报告,听众在收发信息。所有这些现象都可以归结为“群体性孤独”——我们似乎在一起,但实际上活在自己的“气泡”中。我们期待他人少,期待技术多。不间断的联系,是否让人类陷入了更深的孤独?
☆ 麻省理工学院社会学教授雪莉•特克尔为了研究人与机器人之间的互动,15年来深入两家养老院,对200多人进行了实地研究;为了研究人们的网上互动,与7家中学合作,收集了450名中学生的第一手研究资料。她通过研究发现,信息技术在给人们带来沟通便利的同时,也使人与人之间的关系弱化,有些人甚至因此而丧失了面对面交流的能力。特克尔认为,人们发短信、发邮件,上社交网站,玩电子游戏,从形式上看人们之间的联系似乎更轻松、更密切,但实际上却更焦虑、更孤单。
☆ 《群体性孤独》将电子文化的两大趋势在过去15年中的新变化、新发展进行了新的阐释,将焦点集中在年轻的“电子土著”身上,这一代人的成长伴随着手机和智能电子玩具。如今的我们既缺乏安全感、却又渴望亲密关系,因此才求助于科技,以寻找一种既可以让我们处于某种人际关系中、又可以自我保护的方法。作者认为在互联网时代,如果我们既要享受信息技术带来的便利,又要摆脱信息技术导致的孤独,就必须找到一个两全其美的好办法:一方面,我们要学会独处,体会独处带给人们的好处;另一方面,朋友、亲人要更多地坐在一起,面对面谈话、讨论。
[编辑推荐]
☆ 互联网时代,技术影响人际关系的反思之作:为什么我们对科技期待更多,对彼此却不能更亲密?
☆ 技术领域的“弗洛伊德”、网络文化领域的“玛格丽特•米德”重磅作品!雪莉•特克尔是麻省理工学院社会学教授,科技与自我创新中心主任,哈佛大学社会学和人格心理学博士。后于麻省理工学院开始研究计算机文化,并成为人与技术关系领域首屈一指的社会心理学家。《连线》杂志创始主编凯文•凯利称她为技术领域的“弗洛伊德”。《商业周刊》盛赞她为网络文化领域的“玛格丽特•米德”!她还是是广受欢迎的TED演讲嘉宾。
☆ 财讯传媒集团首席战略官段永朝、北京大学新闻与传播学院副教授胡泳、海银资本合伙创始人王煜全、电子科技大学教授周涛、《连线》创始主编凯文•凯利(KK)、多元智能理论创始人霍华德•加德纳强势推荐!
☆ 湛庐文化出品。
To Save Everything, Click Here 豆瓣
作者: Evgeny Morozov PublicAffairs 2013 - 3
Our society is at a crossroads. Smart technology is transforming our world, making many aspects of our lives more convenient, efficient and—in some cases—fun. Better and cheaper sensors can now be embedded in almost everything, and technologies can log the products we buy and the way we use them. But, argues Evgeny Morozov, technology is having a more profound effect on us: it is changing the way we understand human society.
In the very near future, technological systems will allow us to make large-scale and sophisticated interventions into many more areas of public life. These are the discourses by which we have always defined our civilization: politics, culture, public debate, morality, humanism. But how will these disciplines be affected when we delegate much of the responsibility for them to technology? The temptation of the digital age is to fix everything—from crime to corruption to pollution to obesity—by digitally quantifying, tracking, or gamifiying behavior. But when we change the motivations for our moral, ethical and civic behavior, do we also change the very nature of that behavior? Technology, Morozov proposes, can be a force for improvement—but only if we abandon the idea that it is necessarily revolutionary and instead genuinely interrogate why and how we are using it.
From urging us to drop outdated ideas of the Internet to showing how to design more humane and democratic technological solutions, To Save Everything, Click Here is about why we will always need to consider the consequences of the way we use technology.
Authoritarianism and Polarization in American Politics 豆瓣
作者: Marc J. Hetherington / Jonathan D. Weiler Cambridge University Press 2009 - 8
Although politics at the elite level has been polarized for some time, a scholarly controversy has raged over whether ordinary Americans are polarized. This book argues that they are and that the reason is growing polarization of worldviews - what guides people's view of right and wrong and good and evil. These differences in worldview are rooted in what Marc J. Hetherington and Jonathan D. Weiler describe as authoritarianism. They show that differences of opinion concerning the most provocative issues on the contemporary issue agenda - about race, gay marriage, illegal immigration, and the use of force to resolve security problems - reflect differences in individuals' levels of authoritarianism. Events and strategic political decisions have conspired to make all these considerations more salient. The authors demonstrate that the left and the right have coalesced around these opposing worldviews, which has provided politics with more incandescent hues than before.