人类学
My Life as a Spy 豆瓣
作者: Katherine Verdery Duke University Press Books 2018 - 5
As Katherine Verdery observes, "There's nothing like reading your secret police file to make you wonder who you really are." In 1973 Verdery began her doctoral fieldwork in the Transylvanian region of Romania, ruled at the time by communist dictator Nicolae Ceausescu. She returned several times over the next twenty-five years, during which time the secret police—the Securitate—compiled a massive surveillance file on her. Reading through its 2,781 pages, she learned that she was "actually" a spy, a CIA agent, a Hungarian agitator, and a friend of dissidents: in short, an enemy of Romania. In My Life as a Spy she analyzes her file alongside her original field notes and conversations with Securitate officers. Verdery also talks with some of the informers who were close friends, learning the complex circumstances that led them to report on her, and considers how fieldwork and spying can be easily confused. Part memoir, part detective story, part anthropological analysis, My Life as a Spy offers a personal account of how government surveillance worked during the Cold War and how Verdery experienced living under it.
雨林里的消亡 豆瓣
8.9 (12 个评分) 作者: [瑞典] 唐·库里克 译者: 沈河西 生活·读书·新知三联书店 2022 - 1
20世纪九十年代,年轻的人类学家唐·库里克,只身走入巴布亚新几内亚热带雨林中,位于一片沼泽地中央,人口仅两百的小村庄嘉普恩,记录一门濒临消亡的当地语言——泰雅博语。到达后他就深深领悟到,如果不理解说这种话的当地人的日常生活,就不可能真正学会这门语言:你必须要了解他们如何与自己的孩子沟通,如何争吵、八卦和开玩笑。在这段跨越三十年的时光中,他反反复复拜访当地,每次都停留数周到半年多的时间不等,亲眼见证了语言环境日渐稀薄,记录下他所能学习到的一切。与此同时,他也发现自己已经义无反顾地融入了嘉普恩村民的生活与世界,与他们的悲欢和命运产生了交融。
本书英文版出版当年,即入选美国《时代周刊》推荐当季必读书目和《美国国家地理》当季最佳旅行类图书,受到媒体广泛关注和读者好评。
国家与祭祀 豆瓣
作者: 子安宣邦 译者: 董炳月 生活·读书·新知三联书店 2007 - 5
在《国家与祭祀中》,子安宣邦“作为思想史家”展开了自己的政治神学批判。“作为思想史家”——这是—种身份的界定同时也是方法的界定。“作为思想史家”展开批判,就是在纵向的日本思想史脉络之中展开批判。于是,靖国神社问题被追溯到作为“天皇制国家日本之大祠”的伊势神宫,并且被置于十九世纪水户学经典《新论》的延长线上来认识。战后由美国主导制订的、规定着和平宪法政教分离原则的《神道指令》也被置于与“历史再认识论”的关联之中重新认识。“作为思想史家”的论证方法。也就是子安式知识考古学方法。
在本书中,他把知识考古学方法与文本(语言文本以及被文本他的历史事件)细读结合在一起。例如,第二章通过对相关史的解读展示了伊势神宫被“制造”出来的过程,第七章则通过对参与《神道指令》起草工作的 美国人伍达德论文的正本清源式细读,揭露“历史再认识论 ”者为了恢复国家神道的地位对于伍达德论文的断章取义,并阐述了“政教一致”与“祭政一致”二者的关系。子安宣邦的此类批判所呈现出来的是日本政治神学的生成过程与实践形式。《国家与祭祀》是一部将学术性与现实批判性进行完美结合的著作。
凤凰于飞 豆瓣
作者: 刘婷玉 厦门大学出版社 2018
在畲族的历史记忆中,广东潮州凤凰山作为祖居地的传说广泛流传着。得益于学界近年来对畲族文书的大量搜集,本书得以在广泛收集和整理畲族家族文书的基础上,对畲族的祖居地与迁徙进行研究,厘清畲族由闽、粤、赣交界地区最终迁往福建东部沿海地区聚居的历史进程。
The Body Multiple 豆瓣
作者: Annemarie Mol Duke University Press 2003 - 1
The Body Multiple is an extraordinary ethnography of an ordinary disease. Drawing on fieldwork in a Dutch university hospital, Annemarie Mol looks at the day-to-day diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis. A patient information leaflet might describe atherosclerosis as the gradual obstruction of the arteries, but in hospital practice this one medical condition appears to be many other things as well. From one moment, place, apparatus, specialty, or treatment to the next, a slightly different "atherosclerosis" is being discussed, measured, observed, or stripped away. Mol demonstrates that this multiplicity does not imply fragmentation. Instead, the disease is made to cohere through a range of tactics including transporting forms and files, making images, holding case conferences, and conducting doctor-patient conversations. The Body Multiple juxtaposes two distinct texts. Alongside Mol's analysis of her ethnographic material - interviews with doctors and patients; observations of medical examinations, consultations, and operations - runs a parallel text in which she reflects on the relevant literature. Mol draws on medical anthropology, sociology, feminist theory, philosophy, and science and technology studies to reframe such issues as the disease-illness distinction, subject-object relations, boundaries, difference, situatedness, and ontology. In dialogue with one another, Mol's two texts meditate on the multiplicity of reality-in-practice. Presenting philosophical reflections on the body and medical practice through vivid storytelling, The Body Multiple will be important to those in medical anthropology, philosophy, and the social study of science, technology, and medicine.
Addiction by Design 豆瓣 Goodreads
作者: Natasha Dow Schüll Princeton University Press 2012 - 9
Recent decades have seen a dramatic shift away from social forms of gambling played around roulette wheels and card tables to solitary gambling at electronic terminals. Addiction by Design takes readers into the intriguing world of machine gambling, an increasingly popular and absorbing form of play that blurs the line between human and machine, compulsion and control, risk and reward. Drawing on fifteen years of field research in Las Vegas, anthropologist Natasha Dow Schll shows how the mechanical rhythm of electronic gambling pulls players into a trancelike state they call the "machine zone," in which daily worries, social demands, and even bodily awareness fade away. Once in the zone, gambling addicts play not to win but simply to keep playing, for as long as possible--even at the cost of physical and economic exhaustion. In continuous machine play, gamblers seek to lose themselves while the gambling industry seeks profit. Schll describes the strategic calculations behind game algorithms and machine ergonomics, casino architecture and "ambience management," player tracking and cash access systems--all designed to meet the market's desire for maximum "time on device." Her account moves from casino floors into gamblers' everyday lives, from gambling industry conventions and Gamblers Anonymous meetings to regulatory debates over whether addiction to gambling machines stems from the consumer, the product, or the interplay between the two. Addiction by Design is a compelling inquiry into the intensifying traffic between people and machines of chance, offering clues to some of the broader anxieties and predicaments of contemporary life.
医学人类学十二论 豆瓣
9.2 (5 个评分) 作者: 朱剑峰 上海教育出版社 2021 - 11
医学人类学根植于我们每个人的日常生活,贯穿生命历程生、老、病、死各个阶段,与每个人对自我、身体、生命、社会的认知息息相关。同时,它对医疗健康领域的知识生产同样重要。医学人类学对当代人类生命质量的由衷关怀和对不同文化的人文尊重,使其以独特的实践性(参与性)和极强的自我反思能力让当今医学更具有人文的温度。
本书共分为三大部分,其中第一部分是对于医学人类学和日常生活关联、重要概念和相关理论前沿的一些综述。第二部分聚焦于人类生育繁衍,向读者展现从人类学视角看科学技术在生殖领域的运用。第三部分分别探讨了对女性、老年人和精神疾病患者的照护问题。希以这本小书管窥医学人类学对西医“文化性” 和“地方性”的解构,从而深入地了解生物医学所处的社会背景,会用人文的眼光理解它、批判它和欣赏它。
From Village to City 豆瓣
作者: Andrew B. Kipnis University of California Press 2016 - 3
Between 1988 and 2013, the Chinese city of Zouping transformed from an impoverished town of 30,000 people to a bustling city of over 300,000, complete with factories, high rises, parks, shopping malls, and all the infrastructure of a wealthy East Asian city. FromVillage toCity paints a vivid portrait of the rapid changes in Zouping and its environs and in the lives of the once-rural people who live there.
Despite the benefits of modernization and an improved standard of living for many of its residents, Zouping is far from a utopia; its inhabitants face new challenges and problems such as alienation, class formation and exclusion, and pollution. As he explores the city’s transformation, Andrew B. Kipnis develops a new theory of urbanization in this compelling portrayal of an emerging metropolis and its people.
瓜亚基印第安人编年史 豆瓣
Chronique des indiens Guayaki
9.0 (33 个评分) 作者: [法]皮埃尔·克拉斯特 译者: 陆归野 上海人民出版社 2021 - 9
★ 比肩《忧郁的热带》,击败时间的民族志书写
★ 作者师从法国国宝级人类学家克洛德·列维-斯特劳斯
★ 美国当代小说大师保罗·奥斯特翻译本书英文版并作序推荐
我相信,你简直无法不爱上这本书。
作者写作时的慎重与耐心,观察之犀利,其中的幽默,思维之严谨与书中的悲悯——这些 品质相得益彰,共同造就了这部重要又令人难忘的著作。这是一个人经历的真实故事,提出的都是最根本性的问题:一个人类学家是如何得知信息的,两种文化之间会进行什么样的交易,人们会在什么样的情况下保守秘密?
在为我们刻画这个未知的文明时,克拉斯特的写作带着优秀小说家的狡黠。他对细节的关注一丝不苟、无比精确;而他那种将自己的思想融汇为胆大又自洽的论点的能力往往令人称奇。他是那种极为少见的、毫不犹豫就采取第一人称写作的学者,而最终的成果不仅仅是一幅他所研究的民族的肖像,也是一幅他本人的自画像。
—— 保罗·奥斯特
--------------------------------------
与南美丛林中最后的食人部落一同生活,见证出生、成年、婚配、死亡、节日、祭祀……
浸入瓜亚基人的生活与头脑,真挚发问:
人类能不能放弃追求一切,告别惶惶不可终日,
拒绝屈服权力,也拒绝过度生产,更从容、自由、坚定地生活,摆脱外部世界的束缚?
--------------------------------------
瓜亚基人,一群生活在巴拉圭密林中的印第安人。他们以打猎、采集为生,有自己的语言、风俗与社会制度。16世纪起,西方殖民者和当地居民一道,不断占领、吞食他们生活的领地,他们躲避、抗争、流亡、被“安置”……到了20世纪60年代末,这个部落的人口已不足三十。
1963年,本书作者、法国人类学家皮埃尔·克拉斯特在瓜亚基人被安置于定居点后进入了这个部落,与他们一同生活,对他们在生育、死亡、饮食、求偶、部落管理、性向认同、劳动分工等方面进行了细致入微的观察和书写。
在书中,克拉斯特直面瓜亚基人的残忍、习俗之状况,以及他们缓慢的衰亡。这是一种充满人情味的民族志书写,情感充溢全篇:克拉斯特于瓜亚基人一同经历了生育、成年、死亡与逃亡;它也是一种客观的民族志,摈弃了一切道德偏见:面对瓜亚基人的吃人风俗,卡拉斯特并没有止步于猎奇与惊叹,而给予他们最大程度的理解。
法国著名哲学家吉尔·德勒兹面对这部作品,感叹道:“这本奇妙的著作标志了一种新型民族学的开端:它富于感性、积极于行动,又充满政治性;它是‘种族大屠杀’一词彻底的对立面。”
儿童的世纪 豆瓣 Goodreads
L'enfant et la vie familiale sous l'Ancien Régime
7.6 (5 个评分) 作者: 菲力浦·阿利埃斯 译者: 沈坚 / 朱晓罕 北京大学出版社 2013 - 4
本书荣获2013年傅雷翻译出版奖(社科类)。
在中世纪,小孩几乎一断奶,就被当作“小大人”看待,他们混入成人中间,穿着与大人相仿的衣服,与其一起劳动、竞争、社交、玩耍。从中世纪末期以来,父母逐渐开始鼓励小孩与成人分离,以儿童及对儿童的保护和教育为中心的新的家庭观发展起来了。将童年时期视为一个最特殊的人生阶段,这个观 念自此扎根于现代西方思想之中,并席卷了整个现代世界,成为无可动摇的价值观。
阿利埃斯通过考察四个世纪的绘画和日记,以及游戏、礼仪、学校及其课程的演变来追溯儿童的历史。自1962年初版以来,本书在西方史学界引起了极大反响,被视为儿童史和家庭史的奠基之作。
The Life of Cheese 豆瓣
作者: Heather Paxson University of California Press 2012
Cheese is alive, and alive with meaning. Heather Paxson's beautifully written anthropological study of American artisanal cheesemaking tells the story of how craftwork has become a new source of cultural and economic value for producers as well as consumers. Dairy farmers and artisans inhabit a world in which their colleagues and collaborators are a wild cast of characters, including plants, animals, microorganisms, family members, employees, and customers. As "unfinished" commodities, living products whose qualities are not fully settled, handmade cheeses embody a mix of new and old ideas about taste and value. By exploring the life of cheese, Paxson helps rethink the politics of food, land, and labor today.
Puer Tea 豆瓣
作者: Jinghong Zhang University of Washington Press 2013 - 9
Puer tea has been grown for centuries in the "Six Great Tea Mountains" of Yunnan Province, and in imperial China it was a prized commodity, traded to Tibet by horse or mule caravan via the so-called Tea Horse Road and presented as tribute to the emperor in Beijing. In the 1990s, as the tea's noble lineage and unique process of aging and fermentation were rediscovered, it achieved cult status both in China and internationally. The tea became a favorite among urban connoisseurs who analyzed it in language comparable to that used in wine appreciation and paid skyrocketing prices. In 2007, however, local events and the international economic crisis caused the Puer market to collapse.
Puer Tea traces the rise, climax, and crash of this phenomenon. With ethnographic attention to the spaces in which Puer tea is harvested, processed, traded, and consumed, anthropologist Jinghong Zhang constructs a vivid account of the transformation of a cottage handicraft into a major industry-with predictable risks and unexpected consequences.
Miraculous Response 豆瓣
作者: Adam Yuet Chau Stanford University Press 2005 - 10
This book-length ethnography of the revival of a popular religious temple in contemporary rural China examines the organizational and cultural logics that inform the staging of popular religious activities. It also explores the politics of the religious revival, detailing the relationships of village-level local activists and local state agents wtih temple associations and temple bosses. Shedding light on shifting state-society relationships in the reform era, this book is of interest to scholars and students in Asian Studies, the social sciences, and religious and ritual studies.
浮生 豆瓣
The Fisher Folk of Late Imperial and Modern China : An Historical Anthropology of Boat-and-Shed Living
作者: 贺喜 / 科大卫 主编 中西书局 2021 - 6
在很长的历史时期内,中国的沿海、沿江、沿湖生活着大量的水上人。这些人或被称为“疍”,或被称为“九姓渔户”,等等。这些称呼的背后往往交织着陆上人与水上人之间的权力关系。历史上,水上人往往不被允许上岸建屋居住,他们也很少掌握文字,因此撰写水上人历史的,几乎都是陆上人,采取的是陆上人的眼光。本书即试图去理解这样一个文字记录很不全面的社会历史,解读其与“陆上人”的联系与交流。
Words and Worlds 豆瓣
作者: Veena Das / Didier Fassin Duke University Press 2021 - 6
Born in a time of anxiety, Words and Worlds examines some of the disquieting challenges that societies now face. Through an inquiry into a political lexicon of commonsense words, ranging from democracy and revolution to knowledge and authority, from inequality and toleration to war and power, the authors of this book trouble the self-evidence of these terms, bringing into view the hidden transcripts and unexpected trajectories of many settled ideas, such as the human sense of belonging or the call for openness and transparency in research and public life. The case studies conducted over five continents with the tools of eight different disciplines challenge the ethnocentric assumptions, false moralism, and cultural prejudices that underlie much discussion on corruption, or even the virtue invested in resilience. The critique of the ubiquitous use of crisis to characterize our times shows how this framing obscures the unjust conditions of existence and violence of everyday life. Together the essays in this book offer a fresh look at the deeply connected worlds we inhabit in solidarity and discord.
Contributors. Banu Bargu, Veena Das, Alex de Waal, Didier Fassin, Behrooz Ghamari-Tabrizi, Peter Geschiere, Caroline Humphrey, Julieta Lemaitre, Ravi Kanbur, Uday Singh Mehta, Jan-Werner Müller, Jonathan Pugh, Elizabeth F. Sanders, Todd Sanders
The Current Economy 豆瓣
作者: Canay Özden-Schilling Stanford University Press 2021 - 6
Electricity is a quirky commodity: more often than not, it cannot be stored, easily transported, or imported from overseas. Before lighting up our homes, it changes hands through specialized electricity markets that rely on engineering expertise to trade competitively while respecting the physical requirements of the electric grid. The Current Economy is an ethnography of electricity markets in the United States that shows the heterogenous and technologically inflected nature of economic expertise today. Based on ethnographic fieldwork among market data analysts, electric grid engineers, and citizen activists, this book provides a deep dive into the convoluted economy of electricity and its reverberations throughout daily life.
Canay Özden-Schilling argues that many of the economic formations in everyday life come from work cultures rarely suspected of doing economic work: cultures of science, technology, and engineering that often do not have a claim to economic theory or practice, yet nonetheless dictate forms of economic activity. Contributing to economic anthropology, science and technology studies, energy studies, and the anthropology of expertise, this book is a map of the everyday infrastructures of economy and energy into which we are plugged as denizens of a technological world.
Crooked Cats 豆瓣
作者: Nayanika Mathur University of Chicago Press 2021 - 7
How do humans live near big cats—tigers, leopards, and lions—that may or may not be predatory? Though they are popularly known as “man eaters,” this new book by anthropologist Nayanika Mathur reframes them as cats that have gone off the straight path to become “crooked.” Her firsthand account of living with crooked cats in India lays bare the peculiar atmosphere of terror these encounters create, reinforced by rumors, anger, humor, myths, conspiracy theories, and the making of “celebrity” cats.
There are various theories of why and how a big cat turns to eating people, and Mathur lays out the dominant ideas offered on the basis of fifteen years of research in India. These vary from the effects of climate change and habitat loss to history and politics. There is no firm explanation for why specific big cats turn on humans, even from the scientists who study animal behavior. Detailing the beastly tales emerging from the uncertainty created by the presence and actions of crooked cats, this book offers startling new insights into both the governance of nonhumans and their deep entanglements with humans.
Beautifully detailed in its portrayal of India’s places, people, and animals, Crooked Cats sheds light on how we understand nonhuman animals, the hidden impacts of the climate crisis, and changing human-nonhuman relations in the Anthropocene.
Living with Concepts 豆瓣
作者: Andrew Brandel / Marco Motta 2021 - 6
This volume examines an often taken for granted concept—that of the concept itself. How do we picture what concepts are, what they do, how they arise in the course of everyday life? Challenging conventional approaches that treat concepts as mere tools at our disposal for analysis, or as straightforwardly equivalent to signs to be deciphered, the anthropologists and philosophers in this volume turn instead to the ways concepts are already intrinsically embedded in our forms of life and how they constitute the very substrate of our existence as humans who lead lives in language.
Attending to our ordinary lives with concepts requires not an ascent from the rough ground of reality into the skies of theory, but rather acceptance of the fact that thinking is congenital to living with and through concepts. The volume offers a critical and timely intervention into both contemporary philosophy and anthropological theory by unsettling the distinction between thought and reality that continues to be too often assumed and showing how the supposed need to grasp reality may be replaced by an acknowledgement that we are in its grip.
神祇、陵墓与学者 豆瓣
Götter, Gräber und Gelehrte. Roman der Archäologie.
8.3 (14 个评分) 作者: [德]C.W.策拉姆 译者: 張芸 / 孟薇 生活·读书·新知三联书店 2012 - 6
这是一本有关考古学的经典畅销书,被译成几十种文字,受到了全世界读者的喜爱。C. W. 策拉姆追寻着伟大学者和冒险家的足迹,从欧洲来到中东,又转至中美洲,带领人们进入一个个考古学传奇:施里曼发现特洛伊、卡特开启图坦卡蒙传奇般的墓室、科尔德维挖出巴比伦城、汤普森潜水寻找玛雅宝藏,商博良破译埃及象形文字……读者们宛如身临其境,亲历这些湮没已久的世界被揭开神秘面纱的过程。
本书首次出版于1949年。迈入21世纪以后,为了满足读者的需求,德国罗沃尔特出版社对该书进行了彻底修订,补录考古学的最新成果,插入大量精美图片,补充了附录,进行了多方完善。
Experimental Beijing 豆瓣
作者: Sasha Su-Ling Welland Duke University Press Books 2018 - 3
During the lead-up to the 2008 Beijing Olympics, the censorious attitude that characterized China's post-1989 official response to contemporary art gave way to a new market-driven, culture industry valuation of art. Experimental artists who once struggled against state regulation of artistic expression found themselves being courted to advance China's international image. In Experimental Beijing Sasha Su-Ling Welland examines the interlocking power dynamics in this transformational moment and rapid rise of Chinese contemporary art into a global phenomenon. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork and experience as a videographer and curator, Welland analyzes encounters between artists, curators, officials, and urban planners as they negotiated the social role of art and built new cultural institutions. Focusing on the contradictions and exclusions that emerged, Welland traces the complex gender politics involved and shows that feminist forms of art practice hold the potential to reshape consciousness, produce a nonnormative history of Chinese contemporary art, and imagine other, more just worlds.