科技史
世界科学技术通史 豆瓣
Science and Technology in World History: An Introduction
作者: 麦克莱伦第三 / 哈罗德·多恩 译者: 王鸣阳 上海科技教育出版社 2012 - 2
本书是当代职业科学史家为非专业的读者和大学生们编写的一本世界科学技术通史教材,旨在提供一幅“全景图”,以满足那些受过良好教育的人士的需要。本书阐明:科学和技术的关系是一个历史过程,而非总是一成不变地结合在一起的。作者循着科学和技术的沿革,从史前期直到当前,查找出说明两者有时结合、有时分离的那些史实,检讨那种技术即应用科学的流行观点。而且证明:事实上,在20世纪以前的大多数历史条件下,科学和技术一直是处在彼此要么部分分离要么完全分离的状况下向前发展的,而且在智识上和社会学上都是如此。本书的一大特色是:摒弃了‘‘欧洲中心论”的编史学观点,以全球视角详述了中国、印度、中南美洲和近东帝国等文明的科学研究和技术发明传统。
本书获得2000年度美国世界史协会图书奖,除中文版外,还被译为德文、土耳其文、韩文出版。
How We Got to Now 豆瓣
作者: Steven Johnson Riverhead Books 2014 - 9
From the New York Times–bestselling author of Where Good Ideas Come From and Everything Bad Is Good for You, a new look at the power and legacy of great ideas.
In this illustrated volume, Steven Johnson explores the history of innovation over centuries, tracing facets of modern life (refrigeration, clocks, and eyeglass lenses, to name a few) from their creation by hobbyists, amateurs, and entrepreneurs to their unintended historical consequences. Filled with surprising stories of accidental genius and brilliant mistakes—from the French publisher who invented the phonograph before Edison but forgot to include playback, to the Hollywood movie star who helped invent the technology behind Wi-Fi and Bluetooth—How We Got to Now investigates the secret history behind the everyday objects of contemporary life.
In his trademark style, Johnson examines unexpected connections between seemingly unrelated fields: how the invention of air-conditioning enabled the largest migration of human beings in the history of the species—to cities such as Dubai or Phoenix, which would otherwise be virtually uninhabitable; how pendulum clocks helped trigger the industrial revolution; and how clean water made it possible to manufacture computer chips. Accompanied by a major six-part television series on PBS, How We Got to Now is the story of collaborative networks building the modern world, written in the provocative, informative, and engaging style that has earned Johnson fans around the globe.
The Invention of Nature 豆瓣
作者: Andrea Wulf Knopf 2015 - 9
The acclaimed author of Founding Gardeners reveals the forgotten life of Alexander von Humboldt, the visionary German naturalist whose ideas changed the way we see the natural world—and in the process created modern environmentalism.
Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859) was an intrepid explorer and the most famous scientist of his age. In North America, his name still graces four counties, thirteen towns, a river, parks, bays, lakes, and mountains. His restless life was packed with adventure and discovery, whether he was climbing the highest volcanoes in the world or racing through anthrax-infected Siberia or translating his research into bestselling publications that changed science and thinking. Among Humboldt’s most revolutionary ideas was a radical vision of nature, that it is a complex and interconnected global force that does not exist for the use of humankind alone.
Now Andrea Wulf brings the man and his achievements back into focus: his daring expeditions and investigation of wild environments around the world and his discoveries of similarities between climate and vegetation zones on different continents. She also discusses his prediction of human-induced climate change, his remarkable ability to fashion poetic narrative out of scientific observation, and his relationships with iconic figures such as Simón Bolívar and Thomas Jefferson. Wulf examines how Humboldt’s writings inspired other naturalists and poets such as Darwin, Wordsworth, and Goethe, and she makes the compelling case that it was Humboldt’s influence that led John Muir to his ideas of natural preservation and that shaped Thoreau’s Walden.
With this brilliantly researched and compellingly written book, Andrea Wulf shows the myriad fundamental ways in which Humboldt created our understanding of the natural world, and she champions a renewed interest in this vital and lost player in environmental history and science.