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个人知识 [图书] 豆瓣
Personal Knowledge: Towards a Post-Critical Philosophy
作者: 【英】迈克尔·波兰尼 译者: 许泽民 贵州人民出版社 2000 - 10
自休谟与洛克以来,客观主义的认识论认为真正的知识必须经得起经验的检验,不得超越经验,如果知识与经验冲突,人们必须随时准备抛弃这种“知识”。依据这种认识论,我们必须尽力排除求知过程之中的个人系数,才能达至完全客观的理想该书认为,这种以主客观分离为基础的认识论不仅是错误的,而且还是有害的。事实上,求知是一种技能,是一种个人怀着责任感与普遍性意图、从启发性前兆不断趋近真实的过程,一旦缺少了个人的求知热情与参与,任何有意义的知识都无法获得。而个人对求知的寄托、科学社群对知识主张的共识,以及社会对自由思维的尊重,都是人类知识增长过程中环环相扣的要素。
严密的理路、详尽的论证,《个人知识》所呈现的,不仅是一个科学家对自己志业的热情与省思,更是一个公民对自由社会的忠贞与执着。
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Personal Knowledge [图书] 豆瓣
作者: Michael Polanyi University Of Chicago Press 1974 - 8
In this work the distinguished physical chemist and philosopher, Michael Polanyi, demonstrates that the scientist's personal participation in his knowledge, in both its discovery and its validation, is an indispensable part of science itself. Even in the exact sciences, "knowing" is an art, of which the skill of the knower, guided by his personal committment and his passionate sense of increasing contact with reality, is a logically necessary part. In the biological and social sciences this becomes even more evident.
個人知識 [图书] 豆瓣
Personal Knowledge: Towards a Post-Critical Philosophy
作者: 邁可•博藍尼 译者: 許澤民 商周文化事業股份有限公司 2004
自休謨與洛克以來,客觀主義的認識論認為真正的知識必須經得起經驗的檢驗,不得超越經驗,如果知識與經驗衝突,人們必須隨時準備拋棄這種「知識」。依據這種認識論,我們必須盡力排除求知過程之中的個人係數,才能達至完全客觀的理想。博藍尼認為,這種以主客觀分離為基礎的認識論不僅是錯誤的,而且還是有害的。事實上,求知是一種技能,是一種個人懷著責任感與普遍性意圖、從啟發性前兆不斷趨近真實的過程,一旦缺少了個人的求知熱情與參與,任何有意義的知識都無法獲得。而個人對求知的寄託、科學社群對知識主張的共識,以及社會對自由思維的尊重,都是人類知識增長過程中環環相扣的要素。
嚴密的理路、詳盡的論證,《個人知識》所呈現的,不僅是一個科學家對自己志業的熱情與省思,更是一個公民對自由社會的忠貞與執著。
《形上學評論》(Review of Metaphysics):「這本書的智慧與敏銳度使得它成為認識論學者必讀的作品。」
菲利普•瑞夫(Philip Rieff):「方法論學者近來不斷試圖擺脫科學傳統的客觀性教條,在這些嘗試裡,博藍尼教授的著作是最為傑出的......。對於關心這個問題的讀者,英文世界裡沒有其他書籍比得上《個人知識》。」 --《一位論記事》(The Unitarian Register)
布达佩斯的故事 [图书] 豆瓣
ブダペスト物語 現代思想の源流をたずねて
作者: (日) 栗本慎一郎 译者: 孙传钊 上海三联书店 2012 - 6
卡尔·波兰尼(Karl Polanyi)与迈克尔·波兰尼(Michael Polanyi),一位是公认的20世纪最彻底、最有辨识力的经济史学家、社会思想家,一位被评价为欧洲最卓越的科学家和哲学家。彼得·德鲁克在《旁观者》中对他们的记叙令读者震惊于其家族的天赋与影响力,却 也令人遗憾地错误百出。
1980年代初,栗本慎一郎亲身前往匈牙利考察,并与分布在全世界的几乎所有波兰尼家族成员取得联系,完成这本“执拗地追究根源”的思想随笔。可以从中一窥波兰尼兄弟学术理念的源头,也可了解到波兰尼家族及周围文化人的活动对匈牙利的社会、政治与文化产生了何等重大的影响——这些影响不仅引发了1918年匈牙利革命,也一直延续到1956年的匈牙利事件甚至冷战结束后的今天。
波兰尼一家是20世纪初让布达佩斯沸腾起来的最具有代表性的一个家族,也是了解这段布达佩斯精神史最大的线索和钥匙。
也许是一种过分偶然的巧合,这些天才的大师都属于同一世代、处在同一城市,而且不仅学术,就连艺术的精神取向在深处也是相通的。
——栗本慎一郎
社会、经济和哲学 [图书] 豆瓣
作者: 迈克尔·波兰尼 译者: 彭峰 / 贺立平 2006 - 7
本文集包含迈克尔·波兰尼已发表的有关非科学论题的文章。它不包括任何未刊文章。而且不包括所有收编在《自由的逻辑》、《个人知识》和《认识与存在》中的文章。目的是让人们更容易找到那些来自其他书籍中的文章,这些其余书籍中包含自《自由的逻辑》以来波兰尼的诸多著作中找不到的材料,从而提供一个那些著作的补遗。因此它不可避免是一本来源迥异的选集,范围从他最早于1917年发表的一篇非科学文章直至最后于1972年发表的两篇,而且并不要求协调一致。例如,由于尽管波兰尼继续写作和发表关于经济学的文章,而自《自由的逻辑》(1951)以来波兰尼的所有著作都没有包括任何关于经济理论的东西,因此这里必然就包括某种分量上相对占优势的关于经济理论的文章。
Knowing and Being [图书] 豆瓣
作者: Michael Polanyi University Of Chicago Press 1969 - 1
Because of the difficulty posed by the contrast between the search for truth and truth itself, Michael Polanyi believes that we must alter the foundation of epistemology to include as essential to the very nature of mind, the kind of groping that constitutes the recognition of a problem. This collection of essays, assembled by Marjorie Grene, exemplifies the development of Polanyi's theory of knowledge which was first presented in "Science, Faith, and Society" and later systematized in "Personal Knowledge." Polanyi believes that the dilemma of the modern mind arises from the peculiar relation between the positivist claim for total objectivity in scientific knowledge and the unprecedented moral dynamism characterizing the social and political aspirations of the last century. The first part of "Knowing and Being" deals with this theme. Part two develops Polanyi's idea that centralization is incompatible with the life of science as well as his views on the role of tradition and authority in science. The essays on tacit knowing in Part Three proceed directly from his preoccupation with the nature of scientific discovery and reveal a pervasive substructure of all intelligent behavior. Polanyi believes that all knowing involves movement from internal clues to external evidence. Therefore, to explain the process of knowing, we must develop a theory of the nature of living things in general, including an account of that aspect of living things we call "mind." Part Four elaborates upon this theme.
自由的逻辑 [图书] 豆瓣
The Logic of Liberty
作者: 迈克尔·博兰尼 译者: 冯银江 / 李雪茹 吉林人民出版社 2011 - 1
《自由的逻辑》内容简介:迈克尔·博兰尼与哈耶克、波普尔同为“朝圣山学会”的重要代表人物,二战以来捍卫自由的有力斗士。然而,我国学界对哈耶克、波普尔介绍甚多,对博兰尼却少有提及。《自由的逻辑》是博兰尼的重要代表作,初版于1951年。正与哈耶克的《通往奴役之路》、波普尔的《开放社会及其敌人》具有相同的写作背景及目的,亦与这两部捍卫自由的名著有异曲同工之力。《自由的逻辑》收入了作者二战前后的数篇论文,雄辩地阐述了他一如既往倡导的主题,即科学发展与经济进步应以自由的实现为基本前提,而阉割自由的计划体制则有可能牺牲科学及经济发展。
科学、信仰与社会 [图书] 豆瓣
作者: 迈克尔·波兰尼 译者: 王靖华 南京大学出版社 2004 - 7
作为20世纪欧洲卓越的科学家和哲学家,迈克尔·波兰尼(NiChael P01anyi,189l—1976)凭其著名的意会(tacit)认知理论和富有人性的科学哲学观引发了现代认识论上一场根本性的变革。 《科学、信仰和社会》是根据1946年波兰尼在英国达勒姆大学(University of Durham)发表的路德演讲结成的集子,该书是波兰尼第一部系统的科学哲学著作,可说是波兰尼哲学生涯的开端,波氏在其中首次阐明了自己哲学的总体轮廓,同时也为他最主要的作品《个人知识》一书做了一些基础性的工作。该系列演讲概括地陈述了波兰尼的科学观,包括科学发现的性质和特点以及通过发现的正确道路,首次将科学客观性的问题放在一个大的语境中加以讨论。从而使人们意识到有必要在这个大的语境中重新考虑一些问题,这就是波氏关于知识的理论的起点。
The Problem of Rationality in Science and its Philosophy [图书] 豆瓣
作者: Misiek, Jozef 编 Springer 1994
The book is an outcome of two conferences held in Poland in 1987 and 1990. Both conferences dealt with the problem of rationality; the first put the problem in the context of the philosophy of Popper and Polanyi; and the second involved the notion of the aim of science. This book presents the most comprehensive current account of the manifold approaches to the problem of rationality and related issues. Generally speaking, some authors are convinced that the standard approach to the problem of rationality is more or less correct. They try to amend this approach and/or to reply to some objections to it. Others adopt a more radical attitude and seek inspiration in more exotic regions of philosophy of science, in particular in the philosophy of Michael Polanyi. In this case not only the problem of rationality of science is addressed but also the problem of rationality of the philosophy of science itself. What makes the book really fascinating is the common attitude of all authors in addressing fundamental issues pertaining to the problem of rationality. This results from the fact that both conferences were organized for a small number of participants and there was time for discussion within a friendly but demanding social environment. The book is primarily intended for researchers in the philosophy of science. It is also valuable to other philosophers interested in current trends in philosophy of science, to scientists of various disciplines interested in philosophy, to scientists and to graduate students in the philosophy of science.
Michael Polanyi and His Generation [图书] 豆瓣
作者: Mary Jo Nye University Of Chicago Press 2011 - 9
In "Michael Polanyi and His Generation", Mary Jo Nye investigates the role that Michael Polanyi and several of his contemporaries played in the emergence of the social turn in the philosophy of science. This turn involved seeing science as a socially based enterprise that does not rely on empiricism and reason alone but on social communities, behavioral norms, and personal commitments. Nye argues that the roots of the social turn are to be found in the scientific culture and political events of Europe in the 1930s, when scientific intellectuals struggled to defend the universal status of scientific knowledge and to justify public support for science in an era of economic catastrophe, Stalinism and Fascism, and increased demands for applications of science to industry and social welfare. At the center of this struggle was Polanyi, who Nye contends was one of the first advocates of this new conception of science. Nye reconstructs Polanyi's scientific and political milieus in Budapest, Berlin, and Manchester from the 1910s to the 1950s and explains how he and other natural scientists and social scientists of his generation - including J.D. Bernal, Ludwik Fleck, Karl Mannheim, and Robert K. Merton - and the next, such as Thomas Kuhn, forged a politically charged philosophy of science, one that newly emphasized the social construction of science.
Michael Polanyi [图书] 豆瓣
作者: Mark T. Mitchell Intercollegiate Studies Institute 2006 - 9
The polymath Michael Polanyi first made his mark as a physical chemist, but his interests gradually shifted to economics, politics, and philosophy, in which field he would ultimately propose a revolutionary theory of knowledge that grew out of his firsthand experience with both the scientific method and political totalitarianism. In this sixth entry in ISI Books' Library of Modern Thinkers' series, Mark T. Mitchell reveals how Polanyi came to recognize that the roots of the modern political and spiritual crisis lay in an errant conception of knowledge that served to foreclose any possibility of making meaningful statements about truth, goodness, or beauty. Polanyi's theory of knowledge as ineluctably personal but also grounded in reality is not merely of historical interest, writes Mitchell, for it proposes an attractive alternative for anyone who would reject both the hubris of modern rationalism and the ultimately nihilistic implications of academic postmodernism.
Meaning [图书] 豆瓣
作者: Michael Polanyi / Harry Prosch University Of Chicago Press 1977 - 1
Published very shortly before his death in February 1976, Meaning is the culmination of Michael Polanyi's philosophic endeavors. With the assistance of Harry Prosch, Polanyi goes beyond his earlier critique of scientific "objectivity" to investigate meaning as founded upon the imaginative and creative faculties.
Establishing that science is an inherently normative form of knowledge and that society gives meaning to science instead of being given the "truth" by science, Polanyi contends here that the foundation of meaning is the creative imagination. Largely through metaphorical expression in poetry, art, myth, and religion, the imagination is used to synthesize the otherwise chaotic and disparate elements of life. To Polanyi these integrations stand with those of science as equally valid modes of knowledge. He hopes this view of the foundation of meaning will restore validity to the traditional ideas that were undercut by modern science. Polanyi also outlines the general conditions of a free society that encourage varied approaches to truth, and includes an illuminating discussion of how to restore, to modern minds, the "possibility" for the acceptance of religion.
充分就业与自由贸易 [图书] 豆瓣
Full Employment and Free Trade
作者: 迈克尔·波兰尼(Michael Polanyi) 译者: 韦森 / 张清津 复旦大学出版社 2011 - 9
迈克尔•波兰尼被哲学界公认为引发了当代认识论革命的大师级哲学家和化学家,从多方面影响了哈耶克,包括哈耶克的“自发秩序”概念。《充分就业与自由贸易》是其重要的经济理论著作,也是当时为数不多的一本具有开创性和前瞻性贡献的货币理论著作,极具学术份量和现实意义。波兰尼在《充分就业与自由贸易》中关于货币理论的思想既不同于古典的货币数量论,也不同于凯恩斯的理论,而是提出一种综合了凯恩斯主义和货币学派经济学的理论。此书所提出的主张和弗里德曼在其30年后提出的理论相近。
Beyond Liberalism: The Political Thought of F. A. Hayek & Michael Polanyi [图书] 豆瓣
作者: R. T. Allen Transaction Publishers 1998
Allen takes up Michael Polanyi's argument that "negative" liberty -- doing as one pleases so long as one does not impinge upon the equal liberty of others -- must and has led to destructive nihilism and a fierce reaction to collectivism. He shows how Polanyi's political philosophy evolved into a more "positive" concept of liberty, converging upon the archetypal conservatism of Edmund Burke. Allen examines Polanyi's and F.A. Hayek's thinking with respect to the nature, value, and foundations of liberty. For Allen, only Christianity, and certainly no modern philosophy, has a conception of the unique individual and his irreplaceable value and of a political order that transcends itself into the moral order. Beyond Liberalism challenges deeply ingrained notions of liberty and its meaning in modern society.
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