德國
German Orientalism in the Age of Empire 豆瓣
作者: Suzanne L. Marchand 出版社: Cambridge University Press 2009
Nineteenth-century studies of the Orient changed European ideas and cultural institutions in more ways than we usually recognize. 'Orientalism' certainly contributed to European empire-building, but it also helped to destroy a narrow Christian-classical canon. This carefully researched book provides the first synthetic and contextualized study of German Orientalistik, a subject of special interest because German scholars were the pacesetters in oriental studies between about 1830 and 1930, despite entering the colonial race late and exiting it early. The book suggests that we must take seriously German orientalism's origins in Renaissance philology and early modern biblical exegesis and appreciate its modern development in the context of nineteenth- and early twentieth-century debates about religion and the Bible, classical schooling, and Germanic origins. In ranging across the subdisciplines of Orientalistik, German Orientalism in the Age of Empire introduces readers to a host of iconoclastic characters and forgotten debates, seeking to demonstrate both the richness of this intriguing field and its indebtedness to the cultural world in which it evolved.
From Strange Simplicity to Complex Familiarity 豆瓣
作者: Manfred Eigen 出版社: Oxford University Press 2013 - 3
- Presents the life's work of a Nobel Laureate and internationally recognised leader in the field
- Builds new bridges between physics and biology
- Provides a physical basis for Darwin's principle of natural selection
- Presents a new theory of information including semantics
This book presents a vivid argument for the almost lost idea of a unity of all natural sciences. It starts with the "strange" physics of matter, including particle physics, atomic physics and quantum mechanics, cosmology, relativity and their consequences (Chapter I), and it continues by describing the properties of material systems that are best understood by statistical and phase-space concepts (Chapter II). These lead to entropy and to the classical picture of quantitative information, initially devoid of value and meaning (Chapter III). Finally, "information space" and dynamics within it are introduced as a basis for semantics (Chapter IV), leading to an exploration of life and thought as new problems in physics (Chapter V).
Dynamic equations - again of a strange (but very general) nature - bring about the complex familiarity of the world we live in. Surprising new results in the life sciences open our eyes to the richness of physical thought, and they show us what can and what cannot be explained by a Darwinian approach. The abstract physical approach is applicable to the origins of life, of meaningful information and even of our universe.
巴黎,19世纪的首都 豆瓣
8.7 (12 个评分) 作者: [德国] 瓦尔特·本雅明 译者: 刘北成 出版社: 上海人民出版社 2006 - 5
本书是瓦尔特·本雅明德“拱廊研究计划”的几篇完成稿,德国著名思想家、文艺理论家本雅明受阿拉贡小说的启发,决定通过对大城市异化景观——巴黎拱廊的研究,来展现19世界“资本文化盛事”的风景。在这几篇完成稿中,他用自己独特的叙述风格对波德莱尔的诗歌进行了诠释,同时又敏锐地发现了拱廊在空间上给人类社会生活带来地新变化。通过本书,你可以了解到19世纪资本主义发展进程中,人与自身异化所做的斗争。
歌德 豆瓣
作者: [德] 吕迪格尔·萨弗兰斯基 (Rudiger Safranski) 译者: 卫茂平 出版社: 生活·读书·新知三联书店 2019 - 7
英语和德语世界从来都不缺少歌德的传记,但萨弗兰斯基的这本《歌德传》所描写的是一个全新的歌德,评论称,当代文坛还没有一位作者能够收集如此丰富的传记写作材料,也没有一位作者的作品能够获得如此多的评论与阐释。 萨弗兰斯基通过歌德的著作、信件、日记、对话以及同时代人士对其的评价,试图全面贴近歌德,呈现出一个前所未有的生动的形象。这部传记将引导我们穿越时空,回到轻快的洛可可时代和刻板的蒸汽时代,这段时间作为一个整体被称之为“歌德时代”。
寂寞島嶼 豆瓣
Atlas der Abgelegenen Inseln
作者: Judith Schalansky 译者: 劉燕芬 出版社: 大塊文化 2011 - 7
本書榮獲德國藝術基金會(The German Arts Foundation)評選為2009年度「最美麗的書」(The Most Beautiful Book of the Year),並贏得2010年德意志聯邦共和國設計獎(The Design Award of the Federal Republic of Germany)銀獎
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每個島嶼的歷史,都是淚血交織的美麗篇章
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在本書,作者茱迪思.夏朗斯基帶著我們前往五十座遙遠的邊境島嶼,從垂斯坦昆哈島到克利珀頓島、從聖誕島到復活節島,敘述關於被捨棄而不得不自生自滅的奴隸、探險夢碎的航海家,燈塔守衛在島嶼自立為王、而理想主義者在島嶼建立微型社會。每一座島嶼皆承載了不思議的故事,而我們儘坐在沙發上,憑著本書,便能身歷其境。
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「島嶼是天堂,也是地獄!」
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如果有人不相信,在太平洋、大西洋、印度洋及南北冰洋當中至今仍然存在著與世隔絕、偏僻隱蔽、無人居住或人口稀少的島嶼,那麼這本寧靜至美、能喚起讀者細緻入微感知力的圖書,當屬必讀之選。
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本書作者茱迪思.夏朗斯基(Judith Schalansky)於1980年出生在當時尚屬東德的格賴夫斯瓦爾德(Greifswald)。在她的童年時期,東德人民不允許跨出國境半步,更奢侈談到其他地方去旅行。年幼的夏朗斯基僅憑家中的一本地圖集和自己豐富的幻想,在世界各地完成了一趟又一趟「指尖上的漫遊」。
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當她在地圖上仔細觀察著每個國家和地區的地理形狀時,也不禁開始想像當地的歷史故事。這種遊戲似的閱讀,不但滿足了成長在閉塞環境下的她對於外界的好奇,更使她深深愛上了地圖集這種以抽象簡練符號和線條來展現真實世界的奇妙之物。在她成年之後,夏朗斯基將這一愛好付諸創作。這,就是本書的由來。
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她以精湛的繪圖工藝,配以引人入勝的文字描述,通過視覺與文本的疊加,連綴起她的研究成果與豐富的想像力,將五十座小島的歷史概要、自然科學、地方典故及傳奇故事一網打盡。這本地圖集不但會讓那些喜歡陷在沙發椅裡閱讀的書蟲愛不釋手,還會激發那些勇猛無畏的探險家和偏愛異國風情的遊客的熱情,讓他們不禁想要動身一探!
Der Steppenwolf Goodreads 豆瓣
作者: Hermann Hesse 出版社: Suhrkamp 1974 - 4
<i>Der Steppenwolf</i> ist die Geschichte von Harry Haller, der sich im Zustand völliger Entfremdung von seiner bürgerlichen Welt „eine geniale, eine unbegrenzte furchtbare Leidensfähigkeit herangebildet“ hat. Die innere Zerrissenheit Hallers spiegelt die Erscheinungen der modernen Massen- und Industriegesellschaft wider und reflektiert kultur- und zivilisationskritische Strömungen des 20. Jahrhunderts.
忘梦洞 (2010) 豆瓣 IMDb TMDB 维基数据
Cave of Forgotten Dreams
7.4 (16 个评分) 导演: 沃纳·赫尔佐格 演员: 沃纳·赫尔佐格 / Jean Clottes
其它标题: 잊혀진 꿈의 동굴 / 世界最古の洞窟壁画 忘れられた夢の記憶
  法国南部的Chauvet岩洞里,有三万年前的原始壁画,还有冰河时期的哺乳动物化石,但洞口一直被落石封住,直到1994年被科学家偶然发现。这个宝贵的洞穴被严密保护着,赫尔佐格只获准进洞拍摄六天,每天四小时,他还采访了相关研究的科学家们,用他特有的方式,探索史前人类对事物的认知和表达方式、艺术和文明史的诞生、以及现今围绕在洞穴四周的好奇人群。他还注意到现代工业对史前遗迹的侵蚀——Chauvet岩洞附近恰有一个核电站,已经因为温水汇流形成生态圈,里面连鳄鱼都有了,Chauvet未来可能受到被淹没的威胁。   这是沃纳·赫尔佐格首次用3D形式拍摄他最热衷的纪录片。 ©豆瓣
An Introduction to the Theory of Mechanism Design 豆瓣
作者: Tilman Borgers / Daniel Krahmer 出版社: Oxford University Press 2015 - 6
What is the best way to auction an asset? How should a group of people organize themselves to ensure the best provision of public goods? How should exchanges be organized? In An Introduction to the Theory of Mechanism Design, Tilman Börgers addresses these questions and more through an exploration of the economic theory of mechanism design. Mechanism design is reverse game theory. Whereas game theory takes the rules of the game as a given and makes predictions about the behavior of strategic players, the theory of mechanism design goes a step further and selects the optimal rules of the game.
A relatively new economic theory, mechanism design studies the instrument itself as well as the results of the instrument. An Introduction to the Theory of Mechanism Design provides rigorous but accessible explanations of classic results in the theory of mechanism design, such as Myerson's theorem on expected revenue maximizing auctions, Myerson and Satterthwaite's theorem on the impossibility of ex post efficient bilateral trade with asymmetric information, and Gibbard and Satterthwaite's theorem on the non-existence of dominant strategy voting mechanisms. Börgers also provides an examination of the frontiers of current research in the area with an original and unified perspective that will appeal to advanced students of economics.
"Tilman Borgers offers the first book-length introduction into the theory of mechanism design. Written in a very personal and masterful style, he carefully covers the main developments in theory of mechanism design-the theory of how to choose the rules of the game-over the past decades. It will be an ideal textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses for many years to come."
Dirk Bergemann, Douglass and Marion Campbell Professor of Economics and Chair, Yale University
"Tilman Borgers gives a beautifully lucid and elegant development of mechanism design in this wonderful book. His masterful exposition provides a unified and cohesive treatment of modern mechanism design, starting from first principles and working through topics at the leading edge of the research frontier. This book is a delight and an invaluable resource for those new to the field and experts alike."
Chris Shannon, Richard and Lisa Steiny Professor of Economics and Professor of Mathematics, University of California, Berkeley
"This book provides an integrated treatment of the theory of mechanism design by a leading practitioner in this area. It covers the core theory together with chapters on recent developments in robust mechanism design and dynamic mechanism design. The core theory is built up in an original and pedagogically successful way, starting with screening in chapter 2 and immediately using those tools to develop leading applications of Bayesian mechanism design-auctions, bilateral trade, and public goods-in chapter 3. These results can then naturally be adapted to dominant strategies in chapter 4. Chapters 5, 6, and 7 then deal with the general theories of incentive compatibility, Bayesian mechanism design, and dominant strategy mechanism design.
The first seven chapters of the book focus on the quasi-linear environments studied in most economic applications, with more general environments ('non-transferable utility') postponed to chapter 8. This ordering of material reflects not the historical development of the subject but a natural and effective path to learn the material. Borgers develops a unified treatment of core material without attempting to be exhaustive. Valuable endnotes at the end of each chapter then explain the historical context and relation to the literature more broadly. It will serve as an excellent textbook for graduate students and advanced undergraduates, and an invaluable reference for researchers."
Stephen Morris, Professor of Economics, Princeton University
哲学作为严格的科学 豆瓣
作者: [德] 埃德蒙德·胡塞尔 译者: 倪梁康 出版社: 商务印书馆 1999 - 1
《哲学作为严格的科学》在当时思想界所产生的影响至少可以概括以下两个方面:
人批判的角度来看,在《逻辑研究》完成了对心理主义的有力抨击之后,《哲学作为严格的科学》仍需要在两条站线上作战:一方面是与自然主义,另一方面是与历史主义,前者主要表现在当时盛行的实验心理学的各种学说之中,后者则主要是指为狄尔泰等人所倡导的历史学派,胡塞尔的批判在很大程度上是《逻辑研究》中对心理主义批判的继续,他仍然在坚持不懈地提示这些学说的相对主义和主义之最终结局。
除此之外,由于胡塞尔在这篇文章中公开表露了他与狄尔泰思想的分歧,因而这篇文字对后人理解现象学与解释学之间的关系也不无启迪作用。
卡里加里博士的小屋 (1920) TMDB Min reol 维基数据 IMDb 豆瓣
Das Cabinet des Dr. Caligari
8.9 (261 个评分) 导演: 罗伯特·维内 演员: 维尔纳·克劳斯 / 康拉德·韦特
其它标题: Das Cabinet des Dr. Caligari / 卡里加里博士
德国小镇,面目狰狞的卡里加里博士(沃纳·克劳斯 Werner Krauss饰)终于获准表演催眠术。大学生弗朗西斯(弗里德里希·费赫尔 Friedrich Feher饰)和艾伦(汉斯·海因里希 Hans Heinrich von Twardowski饰)也来观看。疯狂的卡里加里博士向众人展示他是如何催眠和控制他的搭档凯撒(康拉德·韦特 Conrad Veidt饰),并向众人宣布:凯撒可以回答大家提出的所有问题。好奇的艾伦问道:我能活多久?病态的凯撒回答:活到明天凌晨。弗朗西斯并不相信,可艾伦却是满脸惊恐。随之,艾伦真的被杀害了。弗朗西斯把消息告诉了好朋友珍妮(丽尔·达戈沃 Lil Dagover饰)和她的医生父亲。他们展开了多方追捕,可惊人的秘密却丝丝入扣,到底谁才是真正的凶手?
本片是世界电影史上被谈论得最多的影片之一,是德国表现主义电影的里程碑之作。影片以其怪诞的表现主义风格,成为以后西方恐怖片为之效仿的鼻祖。1958年本片在比利时布鲁塞尔由26个国家117位电影史家评选为“世界电影12佳作”的第12名。