文化研究
建筑文化研究(第2辑) 豆瓣
作者:
丁沃沃 胡恒 主编
出版社:
中央编译出版社
2010
- 8
中国的都市化进程已成眼前之事实。按照现有的速度来看,不远的未来将在沿海与内地出现20多个大都市圈。高度集约的方式必然会在极短的时间内引发大量难以预计的问题。如果回溯城市史的话,我们会感觉一些问题非常熟悉,当然也有很多问题是全新的。不管怎样,关于城市的大规模研究已经箭在弦上。本书的第二部分“城市史:东方与西方”对(已出现的和未出现的)问题提出了可供参考的意见。其中回应写作了《美国大城市的死与生》的简·雅各布斯的文章“城市设计的死与生”,尤为重要。无论在哪个层面,美国经验必然值得参考和借鉴。之于前者,它们都是某种意义上的“新大陆”,从人类居住的物质环境的变化之剧烈与急促来看,可能只有当年的美国和我们的现状相似,而且两者都没有欧洲文化的历史负担;之于后者,本书第一部分“威尼斯学派与城市”所介绍的威尼斯学派在方法上的创见(“大都市”、“农耕理想的城市与弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特:广亩的起源与发展”、“从公园到区域:进步意识形态和美国城市的变革”三篇长文作者功力尤为深厚)无疑会令我们受惠多多。
数码人类学 豆瓣
Digital Anthropology
作者:
[英]丹尼尔·米勒
/
希瑟·A.霍斯特
译者:
王心远
出版社:
人民出版社
2014
- 10
人类学有两大任务,一是理解什么是人,二是理解人性是如何透过多元的文化表现出来。数码科技的蓬勃发展给这两者都带来了新的作用力。《数码人类学》向读者展示了人类与数码科技如何辩证地相互定义。最终我们试图得出一个结论,那便是“数码科技对人类到底意味着什么?”
从社交网站到数字化博物馆;从数字时代政治学到电子商务,浸润式的数码科技,给普通人的生活带来了根本性的改变。仅仅用数据来说明与理解问题显然过于太苍白,我们需要长期的定性研究,来分析人们是如何使用数码科技,而这样的行为又如何对其使用者产生影响,以及在世界范围内数码科技又是如何得到广泛运用与开发的。
《数码人类学》收录了数码文化研究领域杰出的人类学学者的前沿研究成果,向读者展示了如何运用人类学研究方法来有效地理解数码文化。《数码人类学》可用作人类学、传播学、社会学等学科以及文化研究、媒体研究等相关专业的高等教育教材。
从社交网站到数字化博物馆;从数字时代政治学到电子商务,浸润式的数码科技,给普通人的生活带来了根本性的改变。仅仅用数据来说明与理解问题显然过于太苍白,我们需要长期的定性研究,来分析人们是如何使用数码科技,而这样的行为又如何对其使用者产生影响,以及在世界范围内数码科技又是如何得到广泛运用与开发的。
《数码人类学》收录了数码文化研究领域杰出的人类学学者的前沿研究成果,向读者展示了如何运用人类学研究方法来有效地理解数码文化。《数码人类学》可用作人类学、传播学、社会学等学科以及文化研究、媒体研究等相关专业的高等教育教材。
鄉土香港 豆瓣
Village Life in Hong Kong : Politics, Gender, and Ritual in the New Territories
8.0 (5 个评分)
作者:
華琛(James L. Watson)
/
華若璧(Rubie S. Watson)
译者:
張婉麗
/
廖迪生
…
出版社:
香港中文大學
2011
- 7
本書是一部對中國人類學華南研究具有啓發性意義的經典著作。
兩位來自美國的人類學學者,於上世紀六七十年代來到香港元朗新田及厦村居住,近距離觀察文氏及鄧氏兩個宗族的文化傳統,從人類學角度探討當時兩個鄉村的社會結構、性別差異及宗教禮儀。他們分工合作,紀錄及研究鄉村中男女的性別地位及等級觀念。
隨着新市鎮的興建,新界地貌已變,書中提及的某些小村落也從此消失,許多傳統禮儀不再流行,本書通過資料搜集呈現當年鄉村生活的各種精神活動,如過繼習俗、祭祠、結婚儀式及葬禮禁忌等這些已漸被遺忘的廣東鄉村禮儀。本書是本地歷史的獨特紀錄,其中理論更啓導了不少後學。
書評
這是一本值得關注及讚賞的非凡著作。它概述了兩位世界級學者的成就……他們對本土生活有著濃厚的興趣,對其研究的社區也充滿熱愛,這與強調全球流動性的新一代民族誌研究迥然不同……華琛及華若璧細膩又敏感地突顯了那些標誌着中國人類學重要時期的分析性議題及歷史證據。
── 蕭鳳霞 (美國耶魯大學人類學系教授)
作者大大超越鄉村的局限,在其有關命名或信仰與禮儀的相關性等經典文章中探討了中國文化及社會的根本面向。本書不僅是了解新界鄉村社會的重要讀物,也令人深刻理解塑造這個鄉村社會的更廣闊的文化及歷史力量。
── 孔邁隆 (美國哥倫比亞大學人類學系教授)
兩位來自美國的人類學學者,於上世紀六七十年代來到香港元朗新田及厦村居住,近距離觀察文氏及鄧氏兩個宗族的文化傳統,從人類學角度探討當時兩個鄉村的社會結構、性別差異及宗教禮儀。他們分工合作,紀錄及研究鄉村中男女的性別地位及等級觀念。
隨着新市鎮的興建,新界地貌已變,書中提及的某些小村落也從此消失,許多傳統禮儀不再流行,本書通過資料搜集呈現當年鄉村生活的各種精神活動,如過繼習俗、祭祠、結婚儀式及葬禮禁忌等這些已漸被遺忘的廣東鄉村禮儀。本書是本地歷史的獨特紀錄,其中理論更啓導了不少後學。
書評
這是一本值得關注及讚賞的非凡著作。它概述了兩位世界級學者的成就……他們對本土生活有著濃厚的興趣,對其研究的社區也充滿熱愛,這與強調全球流動性的新一代民族誌研究迥然不同……華琛及華若璧細膩又敏感地突顯了那些標誌着中國人類學重要時期的分析性議題及歷史證據。
── 蕭鳳霞 (美國耶魯大學人類學系教授)
作者大大超越鄉村的局限,在其有關命名或信仰與禮儀的相關性等經典文章中探討了中國文化及社會的根本面向。本書不僅是了解新界鄉村社會的重要讀物,也令人深刻理解塑造這個鄉村社會的更廣闊的文化及歷史力量。
── 孔邁隆 (美國哥倫比亞大學人類學系教授)
The Time of the Tribes 豆瓣
作者:
Michel Maffesoli
译者:
Don Smith
出版社:
Sage Publications Ltd
1996
- 2
Do individuals construct their own identities in contemporary consumer culture? In this volume, one of the world's leading sociologists questions the idea that individualism is a defining feature of modernity. The Time of Tribes presents a new, truly sociological theory of modern identity. Author Michel Maffesoli contends that the insistence on the end of collective ideals conceals a complex state of affairs. He brilliantly demonstrates that while the old determinants of identity such as class have indeed faded, there are new tribal determinants. He shows how contemporary identities are now composed of a multiplicity of experiences, representations, and everyday emotions. Sexual, political, or professional identities are being replaced by processes of identification with groups, with sentiments, and with fashions. He shows how tribal groupings--musical, sporting, or touristic--emerge in the midst of mass society and goes on to explore the possible reasons for this new social dynamic from the rise of new communication technologies to the resurgence of older values such as religious identification. This unique book is essential reading for advanced students in social theory, culture studies, and sociology.
文化的表达 豆瓣
作者:
赵旭东
出版社:
中国人民大学出版社
2009
- 5
《文化的表達:人類學的視野》文化是一種表達,這體現在人類學家所研究的社會關係、象徵符號以及各種人造物品上。人類學家對文化的研究是把某種文化的表達再次呈現出來的一種文化翻譯。今天的人類學似乎更應該為社會營造出一種敞開的交流氛圍,讓文化像書一樣打開著,使得每一個人都有機會和可能去閱讀與理解。西方人類學,特別是以社會與文化為核心關注點的人類學傳統在過去的三四十年之間發生了一些理論與方法上的轉變,其中一條明顯的轉變軌跡就是從最一開始的功能論的直觀描述轉變到了今天對於文化本身的解釋與理解,這促使了社會科學傳統的社會與文化人類學從以科學為模板的研究範式轉變到了大量接受人文學科,特別是歷史學和哲學解釋學的思考方式,由此文化被重新理解成為一種社會存在的表達方式。
在這個意義上,《文化的表達:人類學的視野》的全部內容是試圖在搜尋人類學既有傳統中的不同研究主題在向文化的理解轉變過程中的一些痕跡,這些痕跡體現在許多人類學家的作品中。而《文化的表達:人類學的視野》則從不同的人類學視角回顧了西方人類學的歷史,以及一些有代表性的中國人類學家與相關學科的學者對於這些歷史的反思與推進。
在這個意義上,《文化的表達:人類學的視野》的全部內容是試圖在搜尋人類學既有傳統中的不同研究主題在向文化的理解轉變過程中的一些痕跡,這些痕跡體現在許多人類學家的作品中。而《文化的表達:人類學的視野》則從不同的人類學視角回顧了西方人類學的歷史,以及一些有代表性的中國人類學家與相關學科的學者對於這些歷史的反思與推進。
意识形态的崇高客体 豆瓣
8.5 (17 个评分)
作者:
[斯洛文尼亚] 斯拉沃热·齐泽克
译者:
季广茂
出版社:
中央编译出版社
2017
- 7
《意识形态的崇高客体(第二版)》介绍从泰坦尼克号的沉没到希区柯克的影片,从瓦格纳的歌剧到海因莱因的科幻,从拉康到福柯,从黑格尔到马克思,从重大政治事件到犹太人的笑谈,从狗智主义到排犹主义,从排泄问题到神学思辨……齐泽克娓娓道来,令人尽享阅读的快感。在这部极具原创性和挑衅性的著作中,齐泽克概括了欲望的原理,把握了无意识的特质,解剖了意识形态的崇高客体,洞悉了“后现代”社会和主体的秘密。《意识形态的崇高客体(第二版)》是斯拉沃热·齐泽克的开山之作、种子之作和奠基之作,是了解其全部思想的门户和索引。他后来的思想皆源于此,均为《意识形态的崇高客体(第二版)》的扩展和注释。
恋地情结 豆瓣 谷歌图书
Topophilia:A Study of Environmental Perception,Attitudes and Values
《恋地情结》作为段义孚的成名作,主要讲述人与周围环境的关系。随着城市的建设和发展,人们感受到了环境的巨大变化。但是,这些关注,更多是从环保和生态的角度,而对于人在情感上与环境的关联,很少触及。段义孚的这本书恰恰就是从这一点上来论述。环境不仅作为人们的资源攫取地和需要加以适应的物理场所,环境也是人在实践中建构的人文场所,人将他的价值、情感置于其中,人文丰富了大地景观的生态状况,地方景观丰富了人的情感体验。本书用一些明确的概念来理解和解释人与地方的这种情感关联。
心灵革命:现代中国的爱情谱系 豆瓣 谷歌图书 Goodreads
Revolution of the Heart: A Genealogy of Love in China, 1900-1950
9.3 (18 个评分)
作者:
[美]李海燕
译者:
修佳明
出版社:
北京大学出版社
2018
- 7
其它标题:
心灵革命
本书重点探讨了“爱情”作为一个词汇、一种观念在近现代中国的言说历史。作者主要通过晚明至当代的一些重要文学作品,勾勒了爱情在中国文学叙述中的历史。作者还把爱情放在情感这一更大的背景之下进行考察,提炼出儒家的、启蒙的、革命的三种感觉结构,用以深度描述中国人情感的复杂结构 和互动演变,呈现了近现代中国人如何利用爱情以及情感的话语构建身份、道德、性别、权力、群体乃至国族与世界。本书以其新颖的主题、卓越的分析获得了2009年美国亚洲研究学会的列文森奖。
Raising China's Revolutionaries 豆瓣
作者:
Margaret Mih Tillman
出版社:
Columbia University Press
2018
- 9
A widespread conviction in the need to rescue China’s children took hold in the early twentieth century. Amid political upheaval and natural disasters, neglected or abandoned children became a humanitarian focal point for Sino-Western cooperation and, ultimately, intervention in family life. Chinese academics and officials sought new scientific measures, educational institutions, and social reforms to improve children’s welfare. Successive regimes encouraged teachers to shape children into Qing subjects, Nationalist citizens, or Communist comrades.
In Raising China’s Revolutionaries, Margaret Mih Tillman offers a novel perspective on the political and scientific dimensions of experiments with early childhood education from the early Republican period through the first decade of the People’s Republic. She traces transnational advocacy for child welfare and education, examining Christian missionaries, philanthropists, and the role of international relief during World War II. Tillman provides in-depth analysis of similarities and differences between Nationalist and Communist policy and cultural notions of childhood. While both drew on preschool institutions to mobilize the workforce and shape children’s political subjectivity, the PRC rejected the Nationalists’ commitment to the modern, bourgeois family. With new insights into the roles of experts, the cultural politics of fundraising, and child welfare as a form of international exchange, Raising China’s Revolutionaries is an important work of institutional and transnational history that illuminates the evolution of modern concepts of childhood in China.
In Raising China’s Revolutionaries, Margaret Mih Tillman offers a novel perspective on the political and scientific dimensions of experiments with early childhood education from the early Republican period through the first decade of the People’s Republic. She traces transnational advocacy for child welfare and education, examining Christian missionaries, philanthropists, and the role of international relief during World War II. Tillman provides in-depth analysis of similarities and differences between Nationalist and Communist policy and cultural notions of childhood. While both drew on preschool institutions to mobilize the workforce and shape children’s political subjectivity, the PRC rejected the Nationalists’ commitment to the modern, bourgeois family. With new insights into the roles of experts, the cultural politics of fundraising, and child welfare as a form of international exchange, Raising China’s Revolutionaries is an important work of institutional and transnational history that illuminates the evolution of modern concepts of childhood in China.
Arguably 豆瓣
作者:
Christopher Hitchens
出版社:
Twelve
2011
- 9
"All first-rate criticism first defines what we are confronting," the late, great jazz critic Whitney Balliett once wrote. By that measure, the essays of Christopher Hitchens are in the first tier. For nearly four decades, Hitchens has been telling us, in pitch-perfect prose, what we confront when we grapple with first principles-the principles of reason and tolerance and scepticism that define and inform the foundations of our civilization-principles that, to endure, must be defended anew by every generation.
"A short list of the greatest living conversationalists in English," said The Economist , "would probably have to include Christopher Hitchens, Sir Patrick Leigh-Fermor, and Sir Tom Stoppard. Great brilliance, fantastic powers of recall, and quick wit are clearly valuable in sustaining conversation at these cosmic levels. Charm may be helpful, too." Hitchens – who staunchly declines all offers of knighthood-hereby invites you to take a seat at a democratic conversation, to be engaged, and to be reasoned with. His knowledge is formidable, an encyclopedic treasure, and yet one has the feeling, reading him, of hearing a person thinking out loud, following the inexorable logic of his thought, wherever it might lead, unafraid to expose fraudulence, denounce injustice, and excoriate hypocrisy. Legions of readers, admirers and detractors alike, have learned to read Hitchens with something approaching awe at his felicity of language, the oxygen in every sentence, the enviable wit and his readiness, even eagerness, to fight a foe or mount the ramparts.
Here, he supplies fresh perceptions of such figures as varied as Charles Dickens, Karl Marx, Rebecca West, George Orwell, J.G. Ballard, and Philip Larkin are matched in brilliance by his pungent discussions and intrepid observations, gathered from a lifetime of travelling and reporting from such destinations as Iran, China, and Pakistan.
Hitchens's directness, elegance, lightly carried erudition, critical and psychological insight, humour, and sympathy-applied as they are here to a dazzling variety of subjects-all set a standard for the essayist that has rarely been matched in our time. What emerges from this indispensable volume is an intellectual self-portrait of a writer with an exemplary steadiness of purpose and a love affair with the delights and seductions of the English language, a man anchored in a profound and humane vision of the human longing for reason and justice.
"A short list of the greatest living conversationalists in English," said The Economist , "would probably have to include Christopher Hitchens, Sir Patrick Leigh-Fermor, and Sir Tom Stoppard. Great brilliance, fantastic powers of recall, and quick wit are clearly valuable in sustaining conversation at these cosmic levels. Charm may be helpful, too." Hitchens – who staunchly declines all offers of knighthood-hereby invites you to take a seat at a democratic conversation, to be engaged, and to be reasoned with. His knowledge is formidable, an encyclopedic treasure, and yet one has the feeling, reading him, of hearing a person thinking out loud, following the inexorable logic of his thought, wherever it might lead, unafraid to expose fraudulence, denounce injustice, and excoriate hypocrisy. Legions of readers, admirers and detractors alike, have learned to read Hitchens with something approaching awe at his felicity of language, the oxygen in every sentence, the enviable wit and his readiness, even eagerness, to fight a foe or mount the ramparts.
Here, he supplies fresh perceptions of such figures as varied as Charles Dickens, Karl Marx, Rebecca West, George Orwell, J.G. Ballard, and Philip Larkin are matched in brilliance by his pungent discussions and intrepid observations, gathered from a lifetime of travelling and reporting from such destinations as Iran, China, and Pakistan.
Hitchens's directness, elegance, lightly carried erudition, critical and psychological insight, humour, and sympathy-applied as they are here to a dazzling variety of subjects-all set a standard for the essayist that has rarely been matched in our time. What emerges from this indispensable volume is an intellectual self-portrait of a writer with an exemplary steadiness of purpose and a love affair with the delights and seductions of the English language, a man anchored in a profound and humane vision of the human longing for reason and justice.
象征交换与死亡 豆瓣 Goodreads
L'échange symbolique et la mort
9.0 (8 个评分)
作者:
[法] 让·波德里亚
/
Jean Baudrillard
译者:
车槿山
出版社:
译林出版社
2012
- 6
《人文与社会译丛:象征交换与死亡》讲述了自文艺复兴以来,人类历史经历了“仿造”、“生产”和“仿真”这三种不同的仿象,它们分别对应于价值的自然规律、商品规律和结构规律。作者通过分析劳动、时尚、身体、死亡、诗歌语言等多层面的社会文化现象,指出仿真原则现在已经替代过去的现实原则支配着一切,不论是政治经济学还是精神分析学,在今天都已成为守法的革命,丧失了有效性和激进性。因此,我们需要一种反馈赠中的馈赠可逆性、牺牲中的交换可逆性、循环中的时间可逆性、摧毁中的生产可逆性、死亡中的生命可逆性、易位书写中韵语言单位和价值的可逆性。这一巨大而同一的形式是毁灭与死亡的形式,它可以在仿真的极限,终结线性的时间、语言、经济和权力,这就是象征交换。这是唯一与代码结构暴力等值的象征暴力,只有这种悖论的理论和实践才能触及今天的超级现实并给予它致命的打击。
编辑推荐
《人文与社会译丛:象征交换与死亡(新版)》是让•波德里亚最主要代表作之一,也是影响最大的著作,被公认为后现代理论与文化研究的最重要、最经典阐述之一。
名人推荐
《象征交换与死亡》无疑是波德里亚最重要的著作,对于现代与后现代争论具有关键意义,也标志着他本人的后现代转向。要理解波德里亚在其思想最丰产时期所具有的复杂性和激发力,就不能错过本书。
——道格拉斯•凯尔纳
众多后现代文化的绘图者都不敢贸然离开20世纪话语中熟悉的浅水区,他们只是小心翼翼地筛选出一些基本的变化,波德里亚却向着未标明的当代深水区做最精妙的“虚拟”潜入,他为我们提供了满怀热情地探索后现代状况中最重要的新事物的模式。
——尼古拉斯•楚尔布拉格
编辑推荐
《人文与社会译丛:象征交换与死亡(新版)》是让•波德里亚最主要代表作之一,也是影响最大的著作,被公认为后现代理论与文化研究的最重要、最经典阐述之一。
名人推荐
《象征交换与死亡》无疑是波德里亚最重要的著作,对于现代与后现代争论具有关键意义,也标志着他本人的后现代转向。要理解波德里亚在其思想最丰产时期所具有的复杂性和激发力,就不能错过本书。
——道格拉斯•凯尔纳
众多后现代文化的绘图者都不敢贸然离开20世纪话语中熟悉的浅水区,他们只是小心翼翼地筛选出一些基本的变化,波德里亚却向着未标明的当代深水区做最精妙的“虚拟”潜入,他为我们提供了满怀热情地探索后现代状况中最重要的新事物的模式。
——尼古拉斯•楚尔布拉格
精神科学中历史世界的建构 豆瓣
作者:
[德] 威廉·狄尔泰
译者:
安延明
出版社:
中国人民大学
2010
《精神科学中历史世界的建构》(1911)是狄尔泰后期最重要的著作,也是解释学史上最有影响的文献之一。在此,狄尔泰以一种特殊的方式区分开自然科学和精神科学,考察了欧洲,特别是德国思想史上建构精神科学系统的努力。在此基础上,他深入探讨了知性认知在精神科学中的运用问题、精神科学的普遍有效性问题、精神科学中的历史学与诸系统学科之间的关系问题等。同时,他提出了一系列新的概念,特别是作为社会—历史理解之对象的“生活的客观物”概念,作为精神世界之创造者的“生产关联体”概念等。
Media & Political Culture in the Eighteenth Century 豆瓣
作者:
Darnton, Robert (EDT)
出版社:
Almquiest & Wiksell Intl
2005
- 11
Orientalism 豆瓣
作者:
Edward W. Said
出版社:
Penguin Classics
2007
- 6
Said is best known for describing and critiquing "Orientalism", which he perceived as a constellation of false assumptions underlying Western attitudes toward the East. In Orientalism (1978), Said described the "subtle and persistent Eurocentric prejudice against Arabo-Islamic peoples and their culture."[12] He argued that a long tradition of false and romanticized images of Asia and the Middle East in Western culture had served as an implicit justification for Europe and America's colonial and imperial ambitions. Just as fiercely, he denounced the practice of Arab elites who internalized the American and British orientalists' ideas of Arabic culture.
In 1980 Said criticized what he regarded as poor understanding of the Arab culture in the West:
“ So far as the United States seems to be concerned, it is only a slight overstatement to say that Moslems and Arabs are essentially seen as either oil suppliers or potential terrorists. Very little of the detail, the human density, the passion of Arab-Moslem life has entered the awareness of even those people whose profession it is to report the Arab world. What we have instead is a series of crude, essentialized caricatures of the Islamic world presented in such a way as to make that world vulnerable to military aggression.[13] ”
[edit] The argument
Orientalism has had a significant impact on the fields of literary theory, cultural studies and human geography, and to a lesser extent on those of history and oriental studies. Taking his cue from the work of Jacques Derrida and Michel Foucault, and from earlier critics of western Orientalism such as A. L. Tibawi,[14] Anouar Abdel-Malek,[15] Maxime Rodinson,[16] and Richard William Southern,[17] Said argued that Western writings on the Orient, and the perceptions of the East purveyed in them, are suspect, and cannot be taken at face value. According to Said, the history of European colonial rule and political domination over the East distorts the writings of even the most knowledgeable, well-meaning and sympathetic Western ‘Orientalists’ (a term that he transformed into a pejorative):
“ I doubt if it is controversial, for example, to say that an Englishman in India or Egypt in the later nineteenth century took an interest in those countries which was never far from their status in his mind as British colonies. To say this may seem quite different from saying that all academic knowledge about India and Egypt is somehow tinged and impressed with, violated by, the gross political fact – and yet that is what I am saying in this study of Orientalism. (Said, Orientalism 11) ”
Said contended that Europe had dominated Asia politically so completely for so long that even the most outwardly objective Western texts on the East were permeated with a bias that even most Western scholars could not recognise. His contention was not only that the West has conquered the East politically but also that Western scholars have appropriated the exploration and interpretation of the Orient’s languages, history and culture for themselves. They have written Asia’s past and constructed its modern identities from a perspective that takes Europe as the norm, from which the "exotic", "inscrutable" Orient deviates.
Said concludes that Western writings about the Orient depict it as an irrational, weak, feminised "Other", contrasted with the rational, strong, masculine West, a contrast he suggests derives from the need to create "difference" between West and East that can be attributed to immutable "essences" in the Oriental make-up. In 1978, when the book was first published, with memories of the Yom Kippur war and the OPEC crisis still fresh, Said argued that these attitudes still permeated the Western media and academia. After stating the central thesis, Orientalism consists mainly of supporting examples from Western texts.
In 1980 Said criticized what he regarded as poor understanding of the Arab culture in the West:
“ So far as the United States seems to be concerned, it is only a slight overstatement to say that Moslems and Arabs are essentially seen as either oil suppliers or potential terrorists. Very little of the detail, the human density, the passion of Arab-Moslem life has entered the awareness of even those people whose profession it is to report the Arab world. What we have instead is a series of crude, essentialized caricatures of the Islamic world presented in such a way as to make that world vulnerable to military aggression.[13] ”
[edit] The argument
Orientalism has had a significant impact on the fields of literary theory, cultural studies and human geography, and to a lesser extent on those of history and oriental studies. Taking his cue from the work of Jacques Derrida and Michel Foucault, and from earlier critics of western Orientalism such as A. L. Tibawi,[14] Anouar Abdel-Malek,[15] Maxime Rodinson,[16] and Richard William Southern,[17] Said argued that Western writings on the Orient, and the perceptions of the East purveyed in them, are suspect, and cannot be taken at face value. According to Said, the history of European colonial rule and political domination over the East distorts the writings of even the most knowledgeable, well-meaning and sympathetic Western ‘Orientalists’ (a term that he transformed into a pejorative):
“ I doubt if it is controversial, for example, to say that an Englishman in India or Egypt in the later nineteenth century took an interest in those countries which was never far from their status in his mind as British colonies. To say this may seem quite different from saying that all academic knowledge about India and Egypt is somehow tinged and impressed with, violated by, the gross political fact – and yet that is what I am saying in this study of Orientalism. (Said, Orientalism 11) ”
Said contended that Europe had dominated Asia politically so completely for so long that even the most outwardly objective Western texts on the East were permeated with a bias that even most Western scholars could not recognise. His contention was not only that the West has conquered the East politically but also that Western scholars have appropriated the exploration and interpretation of the Orient’s languages, history and culture for themselves. They have written Asia’s past and constructed its modern identities from a perspective that takes Europe as the norm, from which the "exotic", "inscrutable" Orient deviates.
Said concludes that Western writings about the Orient depict it as an irrational, weak, feminised "Other", contrasted with the rational, strong, masculine West, a contrast he suggests derives from the need to create "difference" between West and East that can be attributed to immutable "essences" in the Oriental make-up. In 1978, when the book was first published, with memories of the Yom Kippur war and the OPEC crisis still fresh, Said argued that these attitudes still permeated the Western media and academia. After stating the central thesis, Orientalism consists mainly of supporting examples from Western texts.
华夏边缘叙述与新时期文化 豆瓣
作者:
刘岩
出版社:
知识产权出版社
2011
- 7
《华夏边缘叙述与新时期文化》借重当代建构论民族研究的理论成果,从华夏边缘叙述的角度对“寻根”文学思潮、“文化中国”想象(包括“传统文化热”和“上海怀旧潮”)和大众文化的“东北风”等重要的新时期文化脉络进行了重构性的描述和分析,在为文本和文化现象提供新的解释的同时,集中探讨了不平衡的历史地理想象与连续、同质的社会时间感觉的关系。
文本盗猎者 豆瓣 Goodreads
Textual Poachers: Television Fans and Participatory Culture
8.9 (56 个评分)
作者:
[美]亨利·詹金斯
译者:
郑熙青
出版社:
北京大学出版社
2016
- 11
本书是传播学媒介分析和文化研究经典著作,2012年劳特利奇出版社出版了本书的20周年纪念版。本书反对将粉丝看做愚昧、盲目的“文化白痴”,而是将他们看作媒体内容的积极消费者、熟练的参与者,是从借来的材料中建构自己文化的游猎式的文本盗猎者,是勇于争夺文化权力的斗士。电视粉丝热衷于对媒体文本进行各种自主性的符号阐释,并且从大众文化资源中盗取零散的片段,讲述自己的故事,阐发自己的欲望。本书的作者从粉丝和学者双重知情人身份的角度出发,以详细而生动的具体案例,分析了《星际迷航》《布雷克七人组》《异形帝国》《侠胆雄狮》《双峰》等电视剧粉丝的再创作行为和社群生态,以民族志研究方法为主考察粉丝社群,重点关注其社会机制、文化实践,并在此基础上讨论了大众媒体、资本主义消费主义和观众意识形态及能动性之间的复杂关系。
黑暗之城 豆瓣
9.6 (38 个评分)
作者:
Greg Girard
/
Ian Lambot
译者:
林立偉
/
朱一心
出版社:
中華書局、圓桌精英
2015
- 8
傳說中的「三不管」地帶九龍城寨,是一個傳說,是一個謎……
有將近五十年,九龍城寨這個奇特社群是位於香港中心地帶的黑暗世界。城寨沒有法律、漠視基本服務、規劃條例或建築標準,但它不但繼續存在,而且蓬勃發展。但是,在英國、中國和香港政府「三不管」的情況下,這種地方怎麼能存在於一個現代城市之中?誰會在那裏生活?為什麼?
《黑暗之城:九龍城寨的日與夜》不但收錄具份量的歷史篇章,更有俯拾皆是的精彩照片、繪畫、地圖和城寨街坊的口述故事,詳細地探討1945至1990年間城寨的急遽發展,同時研究它過去的黑暗面。城寨總給人詭異和神秘之感,是源於許多關於它的謬見,此書也會道出這些謬見背後的真相。
九龍城寨,是一個逝去的地方,在巔峰時期,曾是三萬五千多人的家,而且至今仍是世人所知人口最稠密的社區,城寨清拆二十年多後,《黑暗之城:九龍城寨的日與夜》記錄了城寨的黃金歲月與消亡,與讀者一同重新思考和認識九龍城寨這個空間和生活其中的不平凡社群,為他們留下獨特的城寨印記,撿拾城寨的凋零與茂盛。
有將近五十年,九龍城寨這個奇特社群是位於香港中心地帶的黑暗世界。城寨沒有法律、漠視基本服務、規劃條例或建築標準,但它不但繼續存在,而且蓬勃發展。但是,在英國、中國和香港政府「三不管」的情況下,這種地方怎麼能存在於一個現代城市之中?誰會在那裏生活?為什麼?
《黑暗之城:九龍城寨的日與夜》不但收錄具份量的歷史篇章,更有俯拾皆是的精彩照片、繪畫、地圖和城寨街坊的口述故事,詳細地探討1945至1990年間城寨的急遽發展,同時研究它過去的黑暗面。城寨總給人詭異和神秘之感,是源於許多關於它的謬見,此書也會道出這些謬見背後的真相。
九龍城寨,是一個逝去的地方,在巔峰時期,曾是三萬五千多人的家,而且至今仍是世人所知人口最稠密的社區,城寨清拆二十年多後,《黑暗之城:九龍城寨的日與夜》記錄了城寨的黃金歲月與消亡,與讀者一同重新思考和認識九龍城寨這個空間和生活其中的不平凡社群,為他們留下獨特的城寨印記,撿拾城寨的凋零與茂盛。