中国科学社1914年6月10日由求学美国康奈尔大学的中国留学生创议成立，起初仅仅是志趣相同的同学组成的小团体，几经改组，日渐发展成为近代中国团聚学术精英最多、延续时间最长、影响最为深远的综合性学术社团。中国科学社不仅率先揭橥“赛先生”和“德先生”，成为五四新文化运动的先导，而且致力于宣扬什么是科学、科学方法与科学精神，填补自洋务运动成规模引进西方科学以来的空白，促成国人对科学的全面认知。中国科学社促成并参与中国近代科学的发生发展，极大地影响了近代中国思潮的流变，在中国近代化历程中扮演了极为重要的角色。本书运用历史学、科学社会学、社会学的理论和方法，全面梳理中国科学社在社会历史剧变的近代中国社会中的演化及其对中国科学发展的影响，探讨中国科学发展与社会变迁之间的关系。分析了中国科学社在变迁社会中的社会角色调适，中国科学社主要事业对中国科学发展及社会变动的影响，中国科学社与中国科学家社会角色的形成，中国科学社社员群体与领导层的社会结构与社会网络等，并讨论民间学术探讨的成长与社会自治、学术发展与学术独立的关系等。

Only a scholar as rich in learning as I. Bernard Cohen could do justice to a theme so subtle and yet so grand. Spanning five centuries and virtually all of scientific endeavor, "Revolution in Science" traces the nuances that differentiate both scientific revolutions and human perceptions of them, weaving threads of detail from physics, mathematics, behaviorism, Freud, atomic physics, and even plate tectonics and molecular biology, into the larger fabric of intellectual history. How did "revolution," a term from the physical sciences, meaning a turning again and implying permanence and recurrence--the cyclical succession of the seasons, the 'revolutions' of the planets in their orbits--become transformed into an expression for radical change in political and socioeconomic affairs, then become appropriated once again to the sciences? How have political revolutions--French, American, Bolshevik--and such intellectual forces as Darwinism further modified the concept, from revolution in science as a dramatic break with the past to the idea that science progresses by the slow accumulation of knowledge? And what does each transformation in each historical period tell us about the deep conceptual changes in our image of the scientist and scientific activity? Cohen's exploration seeks to uncover nothing less than the nature of all scientific revolutions, the stages by which they occur, their time scale, specific criteria for determining whether or not there has been a revolution, and the creative factors in producing a revolutionary new idea. His book is a probing analysis of the history of an idea and one of the most impressive surveys of the history of science ever undertaken.

The industrial synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen has been of greater fundamental importance to the modern world than the invention of the airplane, nuclear energy, space flight, or television. The expansion of the world's population from 1.6 billion people in 1900 to today's six billion would not have been possible without the synthesis of ammonia.In Enriching the Earth, Vaclav Smil begins with a discussion of nitrogen's unique status in the biosphere, its role in crop production, and traditional means of supplying the nutrient. He then looks at various attempts to expand natural nitrogen flows through mineral and synthetic fertilizers. The core of the book is a detailed narrative of the discovery of ammonia synthesis by Fritz Haber -- a discovery scientists had sought for over one hundred years -- and its commercialization by Carl Bosch and the chemical company BASF. Smil also examines the emergence of the large-scale nitrogen fertilizer industry and analyzes the extent of global dependence on the Haber-Bosch process and its biospheric consequences. Finally, it looks at the role of nitrogen in civilization and, in a sad coda, describes the lives of Fritz Haber and Carl Bosch after the discovery of ammonia synthesis.

本书是阐释人类如何认识过去并与过去对话的首部历史学（历史认识学）划时代著作。作者从“历史”概念入手，探究了“历史”这个概念中所蕴含的历史认识与历史意识，并在此基础上研究了人类是如何对历史时间与历史空间进行认识的，并针对日本历史认识的相关特征进行了阐释。

玫瑰十字会是西方17世纪出现的著名神秘结社，也是西方历史上最为著名的秘密结社活动。本书追溯了它的古埃及和古希腊罗马起源，详述其源头的秘仪，揭示其与“炼金术”传统的历史关联，重点关注它的基本思想，以及对西方18世纪以来的文学的巨大影响。
本书不仅包含一系列生动的传说与典故，还以将玫瑰十字会的历史秘密呈现给读者，从哲学思想变迁的角度，探索玫瑰十字会通过神秘原始传统来与神圣永恒事物相沟通的方法，使读者了解玫瑰十字会的哲学。
本书史料丰富、逻辑清晰、文笔流畅，辅以大量插图，带领读者走进玫瑰十字会的史与秘。

科学编史学，是对科学史的理论性研究，包括科学史学史、科学史学家研究、科学史著作研究、科学史研究理论思潮研究等。作者刘兵教授是国内最先在此领域中进行系统研究的学者，曾出有影响颇大的《克丽奥眼中的科学：科学编史学初论》。在该书出版后的十多年中，作者刘兵教授本人及其所指导的从事科学编史学研究的研究生们又陆续对科学编史学合作发表了大量的研究成果，既对一些新的科学编史学问题进行了探索，也对一些重要的案例进行了深入的研究。本书即是在这些前沿性研究论文的基础上，选择其最精华者汇集而成，反映了国内科学编史学研究的*成果。
本书适合关心科学史、科学哲学、科学技术与社会等相关学科研究的学者，及关心相关科学与人文问题的其他读者阅读。

We think of bees as being among the busiest workers in the garden, admiring them for their productivity. But amid their buzzing, they are also great communicators—and unusual dancers. As Karl von Frisch (1886–1982) discovered during World War II, bees communicate the location of food sources to each other through complex circle and waggle dances. For centuries, beekeepers had observed these curious movements in hives, and others had speculated about the possibility of a bee language used to manage the work of the hive. But it took von Frisch to determine that the bees’ dances communicated precise information about the distance and direction of food sources. As Tania Munz shows in this exploration of von Frisch’s life and research, this important discovery came amid the tense circumstances of the Third Reich.
The Dancing Bees draws on previously unexplored archival sources in order to reveal von Frisch’s full story, including how the Nazi government in 1940 determined that he was one-quarter Jewish, revoked his teaching privileges, and sought to prevent him from working altogether until circumstances intervened. In the 1940s, bee populations throughout Europe were facing the devastating effects of a plague (just as they are today), and because the bees were essential to the pollination of crops, von Frisch’s research was deemed critical to maintaining the food supply of a nation at war. The bees, as von Frisch put it years later, saved his life. Munz not only explores von Frisch’s complicated career in the Third Reich, she looks closely at the legacy of his work and the later debates about the significance of the bee language and the science of animal communication.
This first in-depth biography of von Frisch paints a complex and nuanced portrait of a scientist at work under Nazi rule. The Dancing Bees will be welcomed by anyone seeking to better understand not only this chapter of the history of science but also the peculiar waggles of our garden visitors.

東京大学、ベル研究所、ケンブリッジ大学などの名だたる研究機関で、レーザー、半導体、光ディスクから高温超電導まで、現代社会に必要不可欠な技術の開発・発展に貢献してきた著者の研究を振り返り、いかに物性物理学が形作られてきたかを繙いていく。科学・物理学研究の魅力を伝える一冊。 【主要目次】 はじめに 序章 終戦と新制東京大学 第1章 小谷研究室と固体物理の黎明 第2章 ベル研究所と光科学・光通信の時代――配位子場理論 第3章 日本物理学の台頭――半導体テルル 第4章 師、ネーヴィル・モット卿との出会いと研究(ケンブリッジ大学) 第5章 ナノサイエンス・ナノテクノロジーの時代――半導体超格子とグラファイト層間化合物 第6章 半導体黄金時代――本郷キャンパス再開発へ 第7章 変わる私立大学――日英共同研究「低次元構造半導体とデバイス」 第8章 東京理科大学での研究――高温超電導 おわりに配位子場理論・半導体・高温超伝導…数々の革新的技術の開発に貢献し、物性物理学の発展と共に歩んだ研究人生をたどり、科学・物理学の魅力を伝える。

《清代在华的英国博物学家:科学、帝国与文化遭遇》内容简介：清朝建立之初，曾和世界各国保持一定程度上的接触。后来中国的大门一度被关闭而后又被强行打开，这期间，外国的传教士、商人、外交官、军队、探险家、科学考察队蜂拥而来，东方古国的一切都使他们感到惊奇。基于种种不同的目的，他们记录下在华的所见所闻。这些记录数量浩瀚，积存在世界各国的图书馆、档案馆、博物馆或私人手中，成为了解清代近三个世纪历史的珍贵资料。由于西方人士观察、思考和写作习惯与中国人不同，他们的记载比较具体、广泛，比较注重社会的各个阶层各个方面，因而补充了中国史料记载的不足。“编译丛刊”将从中选取若干重要资料译介给国内的读者；对早年问世的具有开拓性、奠基性价值，但不为中国学术界所熟知的作品，我们也将同样给予关注；此外，对反映当代国外清史研究新的学术思潮、前沿问题、热点问题和重要成果的学术专著，“编译丛刊”也将及时地介绍给中国学术界。

《中国近代科学的文化史》内容简介：这本教科书描述了16世纪中叶（1550年）以来中国的现代科学、医学和技术的文化史。它同17世纪到19世纪之间耶稣会士对中华帝国晚期的影响，以及1840年至19世纪末的现代中国早期的新教时期是联系在一起的。如果说自19世纪中叶以来中国有一种持续不变的东西，那就是，帝制下的改革家、早期的共和党人、国民党骨干和中国共产党全都把科学和技术看作是最应该优先考虑的事物。然而，我们过去总是低估了科学在中国近代史上的作用。实际上，我们对所有20世纪以前的中国自然研究还停留在认识不足的地步。

Biologists, historians, lawyers, art historians, and literary critics all voice arguments in the critical dialogue about what constitutes evidence in research and scholarship. They examine not only the constitution and "blurring" of disciplinary boundaries, but also the configuration of the fact-evidence distinctions made in different disciplines and historical moments; the relative function of such concepts as "self-evidence," "experience," "test," "testimony," and "textuality" in varied academic discourses; and the way "rules of evidence" are themselves products of historical developments.
The essays and rejoinders are by Terry Castle, Lorraine Daston, Carlo Ginzburg, Ian Hacking, Mark Kelman, R. C. Lewontin, Pierre Vidal-Naquet, Mary Poovey, Donald Preziosi, Simon Schaffer, Joan W. Scott, Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, and Barbara Herrnstein Smith.
The critical responses are by Lauren Berlant, James Chandler, Jean Comaroff, Arnold I. Davidson, Harry D. harootunian, Elizabeth Helsinger, Thomas C. Holt, Francoise Meltzer, Robert J. Richards, Lawrence Rothfield, Joel Snyder, Cass R. Sunstein, and William Wimsatt.

《崇祯历书》及其改编后的补刊本《西洋新法历书》被后世引述、应用和研究了三百余年，它在中国自然科学史与中西交流史上的价值和影响是众所周知的。它的版本变迁相当复杂，从明末崇祯年间修书到清乾隆年纳入《四库全书》，多有改纂重印，由此后人终不能得悉其详。而本次出版的《崇祯历书》是由著名的天文史学家潘鼐先生积十七年之功整理而成，当可弥补上述缺憾。因为这是一部几乎完整的明刻明印及顺治二年补刊初印的珍本。经过整理者的努力，本书基本能够恢复到历书初成时的原貌，对于天文学研究者、爱好者无疑是大有裨益的。

“神学”发端于12—13世纪人们探索宇宙奥秘的乐趣，本是为超自然知识领域保留的术语。但在16—17世纪，大量自然哲学家和世俗人对神学经典论题的讨论，使得科学与神学以全新的方式结合在一种话语模式中，“神学关切以世俗化的术语表达，而科学的关切则以神学术语表达。神学与其他科学几乎成为同一个领域”。由此形成了一种看待神圣事物的独特方式，即“世俗神学”。后者虽然只短暂存在了一个世纪，却产生了深远的影响。
《神学与科学的想象》是犹太思想史家阿摩斯·冯肯斯坦一生阅读与思考的结晶。全书细致考察了早期现代科学理念在中世纪的形而上学基础，讨论16—17世纪的“世俗神学”对后世科学、社会学与历史观念的影响。作者以独到的问题意识和视角，将人们耳熟能详的各个思想史片段整合为一幅全面的思想史图景。

In this foundational study, Friedrich Steinle compares the influential work of Ampère and Faraday to reveal the prominent role of exploratory experimentation in the development of science. Focusing on Ampère’s and Faraday’s research practices, reconstructed from previously unknown archival materials, this book considers both the historic and epistemological basis of exploratory experimentation—and its importance to scientific development.

还原论是西方哲学的重要传统理论，是当代哲学家和科学家集中谈论的热烈话题之一。刘明海所著的《还原论研究》详细梳理了还原论的历史演进，深入发掘了还原论的思想起源，全面总结了还原论的论证过程，具体呈现了还原论的思想内容。并以此为基础，《还原论研究》分别探讨了还原论在当代科技哲学、心灵哲学中的发展现状，既涉及反还原论提出的挑战与诘难，也涉及还原论做出的回应与反驳，进而阐释还原论对于生物现象、心理现象这些人类“斯芬克斯之谜”的启示性看法，重新正确评价还原论在哲学和科学发展中的地位与价值。

本书是论述近代以前西方科学的权威教材，也是一部非常优秀的科学史读物。它结合欧洲科学传统的哲学、宗教和体制背景，深入浅出地介绍了从古希腊到中世纪晚期各个方面的科学成就，竭力避免从今天的科学观点出发来理解古代成就。1992年本书第一版问世后好评如潮。2007年，作者对该书做了重要修订扩充了大量内容。本书根据新版译出。

美国玛格丽特·J·奥斯勒编著的《重构世界--从中世纪到近代早期欧洲的自然上帝和人类认识》综合了*的科学编史学成果，简要概述了近代早期(大约从1500年到1700年)欧洲人的自然认以发生的巨大转变，特别突出了近代科学的宗教根源、炼金术、阿拉伯思想家的贡献、学科界限的转变、博物学等一般较少强调的内容，描绘了一幅更为复杂和多元的科学演进图景。

One of the most popular and widely read books of the Middle Ages, "Physiologus" contains allegories of beasts, stones, and trees both real and imaginary, infused by their anonymous author with the spirit of Christian moral and mystical teaching. Accompanied by an introduction that explains the origins, history, and literary value of this curious text, this volume also reproduces twenty woodcuts from the 1587 version. Originally composed in the fourth century in Greek, and translated into dozens of versions through the centuries, "Physiologus" will delight readers with its ancient tales of ant-lions, centaurs, and hedgehogs - and their allegorical significance.