科普
圆锥曲线的几何性质 豆瓣
A Treatise on Geometrical Conics
作者: [英] A. 科克肖特, F. B. 沃尔特斯 出版社: 上海教育出版社 2002 - 1
《圆锥曲线的几何性质》采用综合法,从图形到图形,以平面几何知识为主,立体几何知识为辅,介绍了圆锥曲线的大批几何性质。主要内容包括:抛物线、正射影、椭圆、双曲线、直角双曲线、圆柱面和圆锥面的截线等等。
希尔伯特 豆瓣
Hilbert
8.8 (5 个评分) 作者: [美] 康斯坦丝·瑞德 译者: 袁向东 / 李文林 出版社: 上海科技出版社 2006 - 7
《希尔伯特数学世界的亚历山大》是被科学界公认的经典读本。大卫·希尔伯特是20世纪上半叶国际数学界的一位领袖人物,他于1900年在巴黎第二届国际数学家大会上提出的23个数学问题,激发了整个数学界的想象力,造就了20世纪一大批著名的数学家。此后,这些问题几乎成为检阅数学重大成就的一张航图。这位创造20世纪数学史奇迹的数学家和数学思想家,就像数学世界的亚历山大,在整个数学版图上留下了巨大显赫的名声。全书以平静的笔触叙述了这位极富想象力的人在一个极抽象的世界里如鱼得水、平淡而又神奇的一生。
超弦理论 豆瓣
作者: (日)大栗博司 译者: 逸 宁 出版社: 人民邮电出版社 2014
“空间”和“时间”究竟是什么?
物质的本原不是点,而是弦?
黑洞、高维度空间应该如何解释?
“超弦理论”是继牛顿力学、爱因斯坦相对论之后,时空概念的“第三次革命”。“超弦理论”统一了引力理论与量子力学的矛盾,超越了“弦理论”的局限,解释“标准模型”中“费米子”与包括“上帝粒子”的“玻色子”的振动形态。本书中,大栗教授以通俗、风趣的语言讲解了量子物理基础、“弦理论”到“超弦理论”的最新发展、“超弦理论”的理论原理及证明,并在“超弦理论”下重新思考与探究了时空概念。
数学巨匠 豆瓣
作者: [英]约安·詹姆斯 译者: 潘澍原 / 林开亮 出版社: 上海科技教育出版社 2016 - 9
本书介绍了60位数学家的生平,从1707年出生的欧拉到1903年出生的冯·诺伊曼。他们通过各自的思想、教学或是其他方式,对数学作出了重要贡献。
这60位数学家经历多样、命运各异。他们中仅有3位女性,分别是热尔曼、柯瓦列夫斯卡娅和诺特。他们在文化上非常多元化,特别是犹太人占了很大比例。虽然有一些人来自非常富有的家庭,但大多数人出身贫寒。总的来说,比起他们的父母来,他们的社会地位得到了显著提升。这些人中的大部分都有着寻常的天分。阅读本书,你就能了解数学如何改变了他们的命运,以及他们如何改变了数学。
人类的演化 豆瓣
Human Evolution
8.8 (8 个评分) 作者: [英] 罗宾·顿巴 译者: 余彬 出版社: 上海文艺出版社 2016 - 8
是什么让我们成为人类?
我们怎么发展出了语言、思维和文化?
为什么我们存活下来,而其他的人科物种却灭绝了?
人类演化的故事,比任何其他故事都更让我们着迷。我们的好奇心永不满足,总是不断在问:我们是谁?来自哪里?本书对人类演化历程提出了全新的疑问,也给出了崭新的研究方式和回答。
“这是一个侦查的过程,呈现在我们面前的,是一个由考古学记录组成的犯罪现场。和通常的犯罪现场一样,证据很不完善,让人激动,也让人抓狂,我们的任务就是试图推演出在什么时间,发生了什么,以及背后的动机。”牛津大学人类学家罗宾•邓巴,著名的“邓巴数字”提出者,以社会大脑假说和时间分配模型为侦破工具,犹如最敏锐的侦探,一步一步拼接出人类演化的完整图像。
“一部必读之书!强悍地向我们展示了极富想象力的大脑的运作过程,同时又留下了自由思考的空间。”——《新科学家》New Scientist
The Myth of Mirror Neurons 豆瓣
作者: Gregory Hickok 出版社: W. W. Norton & Company 2014 - 8
An essential reconsideration of one of the most far-reaching theories in modern neuroscience and psychology.
In 1992, a group of neuroscientists from Parma, Italy, reported a new class of brain cells discovered in the motor cortex of the macaque monkey. These cells, later dubbed mirror neurons, responded equally well during the monkey’s own motor actions, such as grabbing an object, and while the monkey watched someone else perform similar motor actions. Researchers speculated that the neurons allowed the monkey to understand others by simulating their actions in its own brain.
Mirror neurons soon jumped species and took human neuroscience and psychology by storm. In the late 1990s theorists showed how the cells provided an elegantly simple new way to explain the evolution of language, the development of human empathy, and the neural foundation of autism. In the years that followed, a stream of scientific studies implicated mirror neurons in everything from schizophrenia and drug abuse to sexual orientation and contagious yawning.
In The Myth of Mirror Neurons, neuroscientist Gregory Hickok reexamines the mirror neuron story and finds that it is built on a tenuous foundation—a pair of codependent assumptions about mirror neuron activity and human understanding. Drawing on a broad range of observations from work on animal behavior, modern neuroimaging, neurological disorders, and more, Hickok argues that the foundational assumptions fall flat in light of the facts. He then explores alternative explanations of mirror neuron function while illuminating crucial questions about human cognition and brain function: Why do humans imitate so prodigiously? How different are the left and right hemispheres of the brain? Why do we have two visual systems? Do we need to be able to talk to understand speech? What’s going wrong in autism? Can humans read minds?
The Myth of Mirror Neurons not only delivers an instructive tale about the course of scientific progress—from discovery to theory to revision—but also provides deep insights into the organization and function of the human brain and the nature of communication and cognition.
科瓦奇讲动物 豆瓣
作者: (英)科瓦奇 著 译者: 新竹人智学会 出版社: 贵州教育出版社 2013 - 10
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本书购买链接:http://item.taobao.com/item.htm?id=36490662396
内容简介
科瓦奇讲植物:自然界气候的变化、动植物、花卉四季更迭的变装,所呈现的“自然美感”不仅丰富了人类的生活,更是代代相传最佳的教材。培养孩子对自然的美感能力,不仅仅让他们感到一种美的景致,还利用对其美感能力的培养来启迪孩子们的心灵,唤起孩子品德的培养。
本书深谙儿童心智发展的历程,从孩子的生活经验出发,科学清楚地介绍了不同植物形态与发展阶段,并与人类精神的层次相比较,兼具“自然教育”、“人文教养”以及“精神内涵”,
诗意地传达对宇宙之“美”与科学之“真”的深刻领悟,令人动容。
科瓦奇讲动物:从十九世纪晚期以来,很多人误以为动物王国是建立在凶残的“物竞天择”及“适者生存”的法则上。这一过度简化的进化论,在许多写给孩子的书里都赫然在目。一旦直接或间接地让孩子有了这样的动物形象后,不论我们愿不愿意,我们都已经把残暴及无情的自私种子植入孩子的心中。
本书用与人类相比较的方式来教导孩子看待动物,不强调人类比动物有着更高级的大脑,而是强调人类之所以在动物之上,是因人可以直立行走,使得双手能自由活动,而这双手让我们不仅满足了自身的需求,也能够服务他人。由此我们可以引领孩子客观、理性地了解自然界,并同时强化了小孩的社交及道德。
科瓦奇讲天文与地理:不论是石头、山脉、河川、星空,都有自己的故事。
只要我们愿意仔细去观察、解读,就能发现它们曾经的经历:
也许石头曾经是岩浆,也许山脉曾经待过海底,
也许河川的源头是冰雪,也许星星的位置移动了……
作者使用拟人化的简易叙述方式,从我们身边常见的岩石、高山、星星开始,让我们重新认识地球。
探索基因组学、蛋白质组学和生物信息学 豆瓣
作者: 坎贝尔 出版社: 科学出版社 2007 - 5
本书围绕对基因组学、蛋白质组学和生物信息学的概括描述,向读者介绍了近几年来生物学以及医学生物学研究方法上的发展,以及这些方法在研究思维上的深远影响。作者以通俗易懂的语言将这三个方面组成一个研究、探索问题的互动平台,使读者对生物信息学有一个系统的认识和了解,利于更深入的研究。内容主要包括基因组序列、基因组变异、基因组表达、DNA芯片、蛋白质组学、全基因组学以及基因组学在医学病例中的应用等,同时穿插问题探讨、数学备忘录等使内容更加丰富,并附有图片光盘利于读者参考。
本书可作生物学专业本科生、研究生的生物信息学教材或教学辅导书,亦可供分子生物学、生物化学、细胞生物学以及医学、药学等领域的科研人员参考。
The Greatest Show on Earth 豆瓣
作者: Richard Dawkins 出版社: Free Press 2009
In 2008, a Gallup poll showed that 44 percent of Americans believed God had created man in his present form within the last 10,000 years. In a Pew Forum poll in the same year, 42 percent believed that all life on earth has existed in its present form since the beginning of time. In 1859 Charles Darwin's masterpiece, On the Origin of Species , shook society to its core. Darwin was only too aware of the storm his theory of evolution would provoke. But he surely would have raised an incredulous eyebrow at the controversy still raging a century and a half later. Evolution is accepted as scientific fact by all reputable scientists and indeed theologians, yet millions of people continue to question its veracity. Now the author of the iconic work The God Delusion takes them to task. The Greatest Show on Earth is a stunning counterattack on advocates of "Intelligent Design," explaining the evidence for evolution while exposing the absurdities of the creationist "argument." Dawkins sifts through rich layers of scientific evidence: from living examples of natural selection to clues in the fossil record; from natural clocks that mark the vast epochs wherein evolution ran its course to the intricacies of developing embryos; from plate tectonics to molecular genetics. Combining these elements and many more, he makes the airtight case that "we find ourselves perched on one tiny twig in the midst of a blossoming and flourishing tree of life and it is no accident, but the direct consequence of evolution by non-random selection." The Greatest Show on Earth comes at a critical time: systematic opposition to the fact of evolution is menacing as never before. In American schools, and in schools around the world, insidious attempts are made to undermine the status of science in the classroom. Dawkins wields a devastating argument against this ignorance, but his unjaded passion for the natural world turns what might have been a negative argument into a positive offering to the reader: nothing less than a master's vision of life, in all its splendor.
Symmetry 豆瓣
作者: Hermann Weyl 出版社: Princeton University Press 1983 - 1
Defines symmetry through a discussion of its many uses in a wide variety of fields both academic and natural.
对称 豆瓣
作者: [德] 赫尔曼·外尔 出版社: 上海科教出版社 2005 - 4
本书是20世纪大数学家外尔阐释对称思想的力作。对称是人类千百年来试图理解和建立秩序、优美、完美所依据的概念之一。本书从对称意味着比例之和谐这一概念出发,从双侧对称性、平移对称性、旋转对称性、装饰对称性、晶体对称性等对称性的几何概念,逐步深入、最后上升到作为所有这些特殊形式基础的普遍的抽象数学思想。
Introduction to Computing Systems 豆瓣
作者: Yale N. Patt / Sanjay J. Patel 出版社: McGraw-Hill Education 2003 - 8
"Introduction to Computing Systems: From bits & gates to C & beyond", now in its second edition, is designed to give students a better understanding of computing early in their college careers in order to give them a stronger foundation for later courses. The book is in two parts: the underlying structure of a computer, and programming in a high level language and programming methodology. To understand the computer, the authors introduce the LC-3 and provide the LC-3 Simulator to give students hands-on access for testing what they learn. To develop their understanding of programming and programming methodology, they use the C programming language.The book takes a "motivated" bottom-up approach, where the students first get exposed to the big picture and then start at the bottom and build their knowledge bottom-up. Within each smaller unit, the same motivated bottom-up approach is followed. Every step of the way, students learn new things, building on what they already know. The authors feel that this approach encourages deeper understanding and downplays the need for memorizing. Students develop a greater breadth of understanding, since they see how the various parts of the computer fit together.
Forty Studies that Changed Psychology 豆瓣
作者: Roger R·Hock 出版社: Prentice Hall 2008 - 4
This unique book closes the gap between psychology textbooks and the research that made them possible by offering a first hand glimpse into 40 of the most famous studies in the history of the field, and subsequent studies that expanded upon each study's influence. Readers are able to grasp the process and excitement of scientific discovery as they experience an insider's look at the studies that continue today to be cited most frequently, stirred up the most controversy when they were first published, sparked the most subsequent related research, opened new fields of psychological exploration, and changed most dramatically our knowledge of human behavior.
Never at Rest 豆瓣
作者: Richard S. Westfall 出版社: Cambridge University Press 1983 - 4
This richly detailed biography captures both the personal life and the scientific career of Isaac Newton, presenting a fully rounded picture of Newton the man, the scientist, the philosopher, the theologian, and the public figure. Professor Westfall treats all aspects of Newton's career, but his account centres on a full description of Newton's achievements in science. Thus the core of the work describes the development of the calculus, the experimentation that altered the direction of the science of optics, and especially the investigations in celestial dynamics that led to the law of universal gravitation.
眾神的植物 豆瓣
作者: 理查.伊文斯.舒爾茲(Richard Evans Schultes) / 艾伯特.赫夫曼(Albert Hofmann) 译者: 金恆鑣 出版社: 商周出版 2010 - 4
結合民族植物學、藥物學、生化學,等三位世界重量級科學家的長年研究,闡述植物神聖、癒治性、迷幻性的力量,全書500多張珍貴彩圖,介紹致幻植物達300多種,並針對79種致幻植物,做圖鑑解說與成分分析,是劃時代著作,也是至今最好的致幻植物書籍。
Kolmogorov in Perspective (History of Mathematics, V. 20) 豆瓣
作者: Andrei Nikolaevich Kolmogorov / A. N. Shiryaev 出版社: American Mathematical Society 2000 - 9
This book, Kolmogorov in Perspective, includes articles written by Kolmogorov's students and colleagues and his personal accounts of shared experiences and lifelong mathematical friendships. Specifically, the article, "Andrei Nikolaevich Kolmogorov. A Biographical Sketch of His Life and Creative Paths" by A. N. Shiryaev, gives an excellent personal and scientific biography of Kolmogorov. The volume also includes the following articles: "On A. N. Kolmogorov" by V. I. Arnol'd, "In Memory of A. N. Kolmogorov" by S. M. Nikol'skii, "Remembrances of A. N. Kolmogorov" by Ya. G. Sinai, "The Influence of Andrei Nikolaevich Kolmogorov on My Life" by P. L. Ul'yanov, "A Few Words on A. N. Kolmogorov" by P. S. Aleksandrov, "Memories of P. S. Aleksandrov" by A. N. Kolmogorov, "Newton and Contemporary Mathematical Thought" by A. N. Kolmogorov, and an extensive bibliography with the complete list of Kolmogorov's works--including the articles written for encyclopedias and newspapers. The book is illustrated with photographs and includes quotations from Kolmogorov's letters and conversations, uniquely reflecting his mathematical tastes and opinions.
大英博物馆世界简史(全3册) 豆瓣
A History of the World in 100 Objects
8.7 (21 个评分) 作者: [英国] 尼尔·麦格雷戈 译者: 余燕 出版社: 新星出版社 2014 - 1
◎ 从大英博物馆800万件馆藏中精选100件藏品 / 讲述人类200万年历史
◎ 大英博物馆、英国国家广播公司(BBC) 联手打造
◎ 大英博物馆馆长尼尔•麦格雷戈亲自撰写 / 历时4年,动员100多名馆员,400余位专家参与
◎ 以广播形式在BBC播出时,创下1100万人口同时收听的纪录
◎ 全世界只有大英博物馆才能办到的世界史撰写计划,人类史上空前绝后的巨献。——《纽约时报》
《大英博物馆世界简史》由大英博物馆和BBC联合打造,由大英博物馆馆长尼尔•麦格雷戈亲自撰写,动员100多名馆员、400多名专家,编撰时间长达4年,从大英博物馆800万件馆藏中精选了100件最具代表性的物品,全面展现 了人类200万年文明史。
这是一项“全世界只有大英博物馆才能办到的世界史撰写计划”,以广播形式在BBC播出时,创下了1100万人口同时收听的纪录,《纽约时报》盛赞其为“空前绝后的巨献”。
以完美的冷静笔触穿越各个大陆、各种文化与各个时期,本书是以收藏全球文物为宗旨的博物馆在当今世界上何以仍能保有重要地位的明证。本书让人欲罢不能,充满了深厚的人文关怀,文明社会中的每个成员都应该阅读。——《华尔街日报》
世上其他的博物馆可能想要效仿大英博物馆的这项巨献,但恐怕“没有一个能够与大英博物馆的收藏广度相比拟”。——《纽约时报》
大英博物馆拥有真正的全球视野,既具严谨的智识,又有开放的心胸,这个项目所达到的成就远远超过了博物馆的藩篱。——“艺术基金奖”颁奖委员会