Over the past few decades, a growing body of research has emerged from a variety of disciplines to highlight the importance of cultural evolution in understanding human behavior. Wider application of these insights, however, has been hampered by traditional disciplinary boundaries. To remedy this, in this volume leading researchers from theoretical biology, developmental and cognitive psychology, linguistics, anthropology, sociology, religious studies, history, and economics come together to explore the central role of cultural evolution in different aspects of human endeavor.
The contributors take as their guiding principle the idea that cultural evolution can provide an important integrating function across the various disciplines of the human sciences, as organic evolution does for biology. The benefits of adopting a cultural evolutionary perspective are demonstrated by contributions on social systems, technology, language, and religion. Topics covered include enforcement of norms in human groups, the neuroscience of technology, language diversity, and prosociality and religion. The contributors evaluate current research on cultural evolution and consider its broader theoretical and practical implications, synthesizing past and ongoing work and sketching a roadmap for future cross-disciplinary efforts.

戴维·伊斯顿是一般政治系统理论的创立者，《政治学学术经典译丛:政治生活的系统分析》是对政治系统理论的详细阐述。在书中，戴维伊斯顿采用并且改造自然科学的系统理论，建构了用于分析社会政治和公共决策现象的系统理论。一般政治系统理论创立后，获得美国政治学界和决策学界的巨大赞誉，被认为是对政治学和公共决策的重要突破性贡献。戴维·伊斯顿也因此当选为1945年以后对美国政治学具有巨大贡献的十大杰出政治学家之一。

本书以东北老工业基地超大型工业社区为研究个案，揭示“典型单位制”的形成及其表现形态，并进一步探讨其对东北老工业基地社区发展的影响与制约，解决“单位社会终结”和社区建设、发展等理论难题。

《泰利的街角:一项街角黑人的研究》内容简介：社会与人文科学领域的图书，销量超出一百万册的屈指可数，此书即为其中一种。自1987年间世以来，《泰利的街角:一项街角黑人的研究》一直广为众多关注城市贫民遭遇的学者、教师、学生，以及社会大众所阅读，并对几代政策制定者、社会活动家、咖啡馆哲学家们的思想影响深远。藉此书，很多人了解到美国都市中经济上被边缘化的黑人的困窘境地。有的人甚至在他们还从未听说过(或听说过但已忘记)作者名或书名时，已听说过此书中讲述的故事。
正是因为《泰利的街角:一项街角黑人的研究》的经典性及其在研究方法上的规范性，我们也将此书作为质性研究的一个经典范例展示给大家。

Edited by Richard Grathoff, with an introduction by Maurice Natanson.

三联生活书店出品。“中国社会学经典文库”《中国的单位组织：资源、权力与交换》（修订版）——“单位”与“单位人”、权力结构与行为选择、利益关系与资源分配、个体与群体心理特质，探寻单位组织内外不容忽视的作用机制
“单位”在中国社会中一度是使用频率极高的名词，与人们的日常生活息息相关。《中国的单位组织：资源、权力与交换》一书依据问卷抽样调查数据，对中国城镇社会中的“单位”进行了深入研究。从宏观和微观层面分析了“单位组织”在本质上不同于一般工作组织的诸多方面，探讨了在中国的单位组织内，资源是怎样形成和分配，权力在资源的形成和分配过程中怎样产生，资源和权力怎样制约和规范人们的社会行为，以及在单位组织中人们的服从行为又怎样与资源、权力相交换。
进入21世纪以来，虽然单位的定义和覆盖范围有了很大变化，但其作用和影响却持续存在，在一定程度上依然可作为理解衍生中的各类组织体系的参照系。通过对“单位”的分析和探究，可一窥组织机构中的作用发生机制，以及个体与群体心理，从而收获理解中国社会和社会结构的相关视角。

本书中鲍曼提出“流动的现代性”（liquid modernity）概念，从不同侧面重写人类的生存境况。在资本主义全球化的浪潮下，一方面，资本和移民如潮水般涌入了劳动力紧缺、福利制度健全的西方国家，给西方既定的社会秩序和价值观念带来异质性的巨大冲击；另一方面，反全球化的浪潮也正在成为一股不可忽视的力量。本书可谓是研究现代性和当代社会学理论必读书目，作者创造性地提出流动的概念，将物理概念用于社会研究，具有深刻的思想力和洞察力。这本书也是国内引用率非常高的一本经典的学术著作。

自1949年初版以来，本书已成为社会科学领域的核心著作和重要理论源头之一，在全世界范围内为社会科学家和研究者广泛阅读。默顿在本书中探讨了理论社会学、社会结构和文化结构研究、知识社会学与大众传播研究及科学社会学研究等四个方面的理论问题，提出了“参考群体”、“自证预言”、“中层理论”、“越轨的失范理论”等一系列影响深远的概念，并强调了在功能分析中区分负功能和正功能、显功能和潜功能等的重要性，从而提出了一整套功能分析的范式，系统地奠定了功能社会学的理论基础。

This is the first part of a three-volume work on the nature of power in human societies. In it, Michael Mann identifies the four principal 'sources' of power as being control over economic, ideological, military, and political resources. He examines the interrelations between these in a narrative history of power from Neolithic times, through ancient Near Eastern civilisations, the classical Mediterranean age, and medieval Europe, up to just before the Industrial Revolution in England. Rejecting the conventional monolithic concept of a 'society', Dr. Mann's model is instead one of a series of overlapping, intersecting power networks. He makes this model operational by focusing on the logistics of power - how the flow of information, manpower, and goods is controlled over social and geographical space-thereby clarifying many of the 'great debates' in sociological theory. The present volume offers explanations of the emergence of the state and social stratification.

Upon its original publication, Plagues and Peoples was an immediate critical and popular success, offering a radically new interpretation of world history as seen through the extraordinary impact--political, demographic, ecological, and psychological--of disease on cultures. From the conquest of Mexico by smallpox as much as by the Spanish, to the bubonic plague in China, to the typhoid epidemic in Europe, the history of disease is the history of humankind. With the identification of AIDS in the early 1980s, another chapter has been added to this chronicle of events, which William McNeill explores in his new introduction to this updated editon.
Thought-provoking, well-researched, and compulsively readable, Plagues and Peoples is that rare book that is as fascinating as it is scholarly, as intriguing as it is enlightening. "A brilliantly conceptualized and challenging achievement" (Kirkus Reviews), it is essential reading, offering a new perspective on human history.

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这部著作于1850年12月出版时，按其原来形式，名为《社会静力学：或，人类幸福基本条件的说明，及其中首要条件的详细论述》。经过了好几年——我想大约10年——这一版售罄，因为需求似乎不太大，没有理由重排新版，决定由美国进口一版——当时在美国，本书已用铅版印刷。在这一版售出后，第三版也是同样进口的。
这时我已摒弃由原来制定的第一原理引出的某些结论。此外，虽然我仍旧信奉这项第一原理，但作为提出它的根据之一也已被我放弃。因此在接连几版前面我都附加声明，表示某些原来宣布的理论需要修改；但我却没有做这些需要做的改动，因为如果做这些改动，我就不得不搁置更加重要的工作。终于，已经变得很明显的是，我的预先声明没有阻止别人对我后来的信仰产生误解；因此，10年前，在第三版书全部售完后，我决定不再用进口来满足仍然存在的需求。
可是，既然已经阐述的基本思想和许多推论仍然存留在我心里，我就一直想把它们用一种永久性的容易查找的形式保存下来；于是在1890年，我在暇时把这部著作通读了一遍，删去某些部分，压缩另一些部分，对全书进行了一次仔细的文字上的修订。其完全自成体系的部分现在被《伦理学原理：公正》一书的第四部分代替了；在这一部分里原来以不完善形式阐述的伦理学说，不再那么粗糙，而成为科学的有连贯性的了。但是《公正》一书既没有包括《社会静力学》一书内建设性部分之前的讨论，也没有包括在快结尾时指出政治上含义的一系列章节；而这两部分似乎都是值得保留的。
我也希望保留某些段落。它们包含了自1850年以来已经有很大发展的一些思想或思想的萌芽。这些段落具有一种传记—历史的重要性，因为它表明了思想发展的各个阶段。其中比较重要的见第27—28页、30—32页、117—118页、143—144页、173页、196—198页、235—236页、240—243页、257—260页。
这部著作的后一部分，多处引述了当时的重大事件和写作时还存在的机构；由于随后40年中社会的变化，它们已不那么切题，或者变得毫不相干了。但是似乎最好还是让它们照原样保留下来；这部分是因为虽然它们根据的资料已经改变，那些论证却仍然有效；部分是因为如果代之以别的例证，就需要我付出比目前我能付出的更多劳动；部分是因为即使把例证改为切合当今现实的，随着时间的推移，它们很快又会变成陈旧的。
我最初想把这本书，或更确切地说，一本书的一部分，称为《社会静力学片断》，后来又想称为《社会静力学选编》。可是这两个书名所表示的似乎都是若干部分的集合体，远未反映它实际所包含的连贯性。另一方面，称之为节略本也会引起误解，因为这个词不能表明若干大的、结构上重要的部分已被删去。然而没有一个书名看来是恰如其分的；最后我判定还是《社会静力学，节略修订本》这个书名不恰当的程度最小。

1892年1月于伦敦

本书以婚外包养关系为棱镜，考察市场转型期中国社会的亲密关系及其背后的情感逻辑与伦理实践。基于为期一年的田野调查和深度访谈，作者细致描绘与分析了包养关系对于商人阶层和工薪阶层男性的不同意涵，以及本地女性和外来打工妹在这些关系里的不同轨迹和经历。通过一个个耐人寻味的个人故事的讲述，本书将私人生活的选择和体验嵌入阶层变迁、城乡流动、消费文化和性别关系等社会文化背景中，探讨亲密关系如何成为人们实践“欲望”和获得“尊严”的重要方式。

张林所著的《态度与行为--社会不赞许行为的心理机制》以往社会认知与态度研究的理论回顾、社会不赞许行为的实验研究和社会不赞许行为的心理机制与干预对策，共涉及八个具体的实验研究。作者以社会不赞许行为为切入点，通过一系列针对社会不赞许行为态度的社会认知实验，就內隐、外显态度的结构问题、双重态度与社会不赞许行为的关系，以及矛盾态度的不同成分与特性对社会信息加工过程的影响等进行了深入探讨，旨在揭示社会不赞许行为的发生机制，为有效减少和干预这些社会不良行为提供理论借鉴与科学依据。

How does the excessive bureaucratization of central planning affect politics in communist countries? Mark Beissinger suggests an answer through this history of the Soviet Scientific Management movement and its contemporary descendants, raising at the same time broader questions about the political consequences of economic systems.
Beissinger traces the rise and decline of administrative strategies throughout Soviet history, focusing on the roles of managerial technique and disciplinary coercion. He argues that over-bureaucratization leads to a succession of national crises of effectiveness, which political leaders use to challenge the power of entrenched elites and to consolidate their rule. It also encourages leaders to resort to radical administrative strategies—technocratic utopias, mass mobilization, and discipline campaigns—and gives rise to a cycling syndrome, as similar problems and solutions reappear over time. Beissinger gives a new perspective and interpretation of Soviet history through the prism of organizational theory. He also provides a comprehensive history of the Soviet rationalization movement from Lenin to Gorbachev that describes the recurring attractions and tensions between politicians and management experts, as well as the reception accorded Western management techniques in the Soviet factory and management-training classroom.
Beissinger uses a number of unusual sources: the personal archive of Aleksei Gastev, the foremost Soviet Taylorist of the 1920s; published Soviet archival documents; unpublished Soviet government documents and dissertations on management science and executive training; interviews with Soviet management scientists; and the author’s personal observations of managers attending a three-month executive training program in the Soviet Union. Beissinger’s skillful handling of this singular material will attract the attention of political scientists, historians, and economists, especially those working in Soviet studies.

After four decades of eradicating gender barriers at work and in public life, why do men still dominate business, politics and the most highly paid jobs? Why do high-achieving women opt out of successful careers? Psychologist Susan Pinker explores the illuminating answers to these questions in her groundbreaking first book.
In The Sexual Paradox, Susan Pinker takes a hard look at how fundamental sex differences continue to play out in the workplace. By comparing the lives of fragile boys and promising girls, Pinker turns several assumptions upside down: that the sexes are biologically equivalent; that smarts are all it takes to succeed; that men and women have identical goals.
If most children with problems are boys, then why do many of them as adults overcome early obstacles while rafts of competent, even gifted women choose jobs that pay less or decide to opt out at pivotal moments in their careers? Weaving interviews with men and women into the most recent discoveries in psychology, neuroscience and economics, Pinker walks the reader through these minefields: Are men the more fragile sex? Which sex is the happiest at work? What does neuroscience tell us about ambition? Why do some male school drop-outs earn more than the bright, motivated girls who sat beside them in third grade?
Pinker argues that men and women are not clones, and that gender discrimination is just one part of the persistent gender gap. A work world that is satisfying to us all will recognize sex differences, not ignore them or insist that we all be the same.

In this pithy and highly readable book, Brian Skyrms, a recognised authority on game and decision theory, investigates traditional problems of the social contract in terms of evolutionary dynamics. Game theory is skilfully employed to offer new interpretations of a wide variety of social phenomena, including justice, mutual aid, commitment, convention and meaning. The author eschews any grand, unified theory. Rather, he presents the reader with tools drawn from evolutionary game theory for the purpose of analysing and coming to understand the social contract. The book is not technical and requires no special background knowledge. As such, it could be enjoyed by students and professionals in a wide range of disciplines: political science, philosophy, decision theory, economics and biology.

In Bibliography and the Sociology of Texts, D. F. McKenzie shows how the material form of texts crucially determines their meanings. He unifies the principal interests of both critical theory and textual scholarship to demonstrate that, as all works of lasting value are reproduced, re-edited and re-read, they take on different forms and meanings. By witnessing the new needs of their new readers these new forms constitute vital evidence for any history of reading. McKenzie shows this is true of all forms of recorded information, including sound, graphics, films, representations of landscape and the new electronic media. The bibliographical skills first developed for manuscripts and books can, he shows, be applied to a wide range of cultural documents. This book, which incorporates McKenzie's classic work on orality and literacy in early New Zealand, offers a unifying concept of texts that seeks to acknowledge their variety and the complexity of their relationships.

Mannheim, a pioneer in the field of SOCIOLOGY (740), here analyzes the ideologies that are used to stabilize a social order and the wish-dreams that are employed when any transformation of that same order is attempted. Translated and with a Foreword by Louis Wirth and Edward Shils; Preface by Wirth; Indices.