物理
马赫 豆瓣
作者: [美]R.S.科恩(Robert S. Cohen) 主编 译者: 董光璧 / 范岱年 商务印书馆 2015
《马赫:物理学家和哲学家》是美国科学哲学界对马赫的一部研究纪念文集,是美国著名的“波士顿科学哲学研究丛书”中的一种。本文集由美国科学哲学学会前主席R.S.科恩主编。文集中主要篇目有:前言;恩斯特·马赫:作为教师和思想家的生活;马赫对感觉分析的贡献;马赫对气体动力学的贡献;马赫对激波的求知欲;马赫和当代物理学;马赫:物理学、知觉和科学哲学;马赫、爱因斯坦和实在论的探索;马赫原理和爱因斯坦的引力理论;马赫的科学哲学对我们时代的重要性;马赫和科学统一;马赫和经验论者的科学概念;马赫的生物学的知识论等。
A World Without Time 豆瓣
作者: Palle Yourgrau Perseus Books Group 2006 - 3
"[Yourgrau] presents the nature of an intimate friendship between two magnificent thinkers and the nature of Godel's work, which inspired Einstein but is now lost in obscurity." (Deseret Morning News)
In 1942, the logician Kurt Godel and Albert Einstein became close friends; they walked to and from their offices every day, exchanging ideas about science, philosophy, politics, and the lost world of German science. By 1949, Godel had produced a remarkable proof: In any universe described by the Theory of Relativity, time cannot exist. Einstein endorsed this result reluctantly but he could find no way to refute it, since then, neither has anyone else. Yet cosmologists and philosophers alike have proceeded as if this discovery was never made. In A World Without Time, Palle Yourgrau sets out to restore Godel to his rightful place in history, telling the story of two magnificent minds put on the shelf by the scientific fashions of their day, and attempts to rescue the brilliant work they did together.
"[A World Without Time is] very interesting if you like [scientific] speculation. Even if you don't, the descriptions of the friendship between Godel and Einstein-Einstein said he went to his office at Princeton University mainly so that he would have the pleasure of Gšdel's company on his walk back home-make this book interesting." (Wisconsin State Journal)
如果时间只是幻想,而非真实存在,那世界将会怎样?作为一名哲学教授,此书作者在书中阐释说,爱因斯坦的相对论将允许这种可能性,而第一个意识到这一点的则是哥德尔。很多人都知道,哥德尔和爱因斯坦是非常亲密的朋友。他们每天都要一同从普林斯顿高等研究所步行回家,他们分享物理学、哲学以及政治上的想法。但是并不广为人知的是,哥德尔于1949年做出了一项不寻常的发现:他认为爱因斯坦的相对论提供了一种可能性,即可能存在一个没有时间的世界。作者以一种哲学的背景加以思考而认为,哥德尔的发现势必会带来这样一个后果:假如哥德尔是对的,那么爱因斯坦并没有解释何为时间,而只是将这个问题搪塞过去了。爱因斯坦意识到他的朋友已经对相对论做出了重要的贡献,因为正是他对其理论提出了一个令人困扰的新问题:他的理论中是否还应保留时间。爱因斯坦之后的物理学家并未在哥德尔的理论中找出什么有误的成分,而哲学家们则保持沉默。此书所聚焦的正是哥德尔和爱因斯坦之间这戏剧性的一幕,并且将它置于20世纪人类智慧发展的大背景之下来讲述。在哥德尔和爱因斯坦生活的年代,无论是物理学、数学、哲学还是艺术都获得了非常大的进步。在这一背景之下,两位思想者的友谊故事无疑是动人心弦的。
Das All und das Nichts 豆瓣
作者: Stefan Klein S. FISCHER 2017 - 10
Der Bestseller-Autor Stefan Klein erzählt in seinem mitreißenden und zugleich poetischen Buch »Das All und das Nichts. Von der Schönheit des Universums« erstaunliche Geschichten über Raum und Zeit.
Gibt es das Nichts? Sind Raum und Zeit nur Illusionen? Reicht unser Verstand aus, um das All zu verstehen? Und warum sind wir auf der Welt? Die Physik des 21. Jahrhunderts verändert unsere Sicht auf die Welt und uns selbst. Ausgehend von der Blüte einer Rose spürt er der Schönheit des Unbekannten nach, beim Betrachten des Wetters erklärt er die Unberechenbarkeit der Welt, und mittels einer Kriminalgeschichte führt er uns die wahre Gestalt des Raumes vor Augen. Mit großem literarischem Gespür versetzt uns Stefan Klein ins Staunen und nimmt uns mit auf eine Reise in unsere Wirklichkeit, die ganz anders ist, als sie uns scheint.
The Order of Time 豆瓣 Goodreads Goodreads
L'ordine del tempo
8.4 (9 个评分) 作者: Carlo Rovelli Penguin Publishing Group 2018 - 5
From the bestselling author of Seven Brief Lessons on Physics, a concise, elegant exploration of time.
Why do we remember the past and not the future? What does it mean for time to “flow”? Do we exist in time or does time exist in us? In lyric, accessible prose, Carlo Rovelli invites us to consider questions about the nature of time that continue to puzzle physicists and philosophers alike.
For most readers this is unfamiliar terrain. We all experience time, but the more scientists learn about it, the more mysterious it remains. We think of it as uniform and universal, moving steadily from past to future, measured by clocks. Rovelli tears down these assumptions one by one, revealing a strange universe where at the most fundamental level time disappears. He explains how the theory of quantum gravity attempts to understand and give meaning to the resulting extreme landscape of this timeless world. Weaving together ideas from philosophy, science and literature, he suggests that our perception of the flow of time depends on our perspective, better understood starting from the structure of our brain and emotions than from the physical universe.
Already a bestseller in Italy, and written with the poetic vitality that made Seven Brief Lessons on Physics so appealing, The Order of Time offers a profoundly intelligent, culturally rich, novel appreciation of the mysteries of time.
Seven Brief Lessons on Physics 豆瓣 Goodreads
Sette brevi lezioni di fisica
8.5 (6 个评分) 作者: Carlo Rovelli 译者: Simon Carnell / Erica Segre Allen Lane 2015 - 9
Everything you need to know about modern physics, the universe and our place in the world in seven enlightening lessons
'Here, on the edge of what we know, in contact with the ocean of the unknown, shines the mystery and the beauty of the world. And it's breathtaking'
These seven short lessons guide us, with simplicity and clarity, through the scientific revolution that shook physics in the twentieth century and still continues to shake us today. In this beautiful and mind-bending introduction to modern physics, Carlo Rovelli explains Einstein's theory of general relativity, quantum mechanics, black holes, the complex architecture of the universe, elementary particles, gravity, and the nature of the mind. In under eighty pages, readers will understand the most transformative scientific discoveries of the twentieth century and what they mean for us. Not since Richard Feynman's celebrated best-seller Six Easy Pieces has physics been so vividly, intelligently and entertainingly revealed.
The Oxford Handbook of the History of Physics 豆瓣
作者: Jed Z. Buchwald (ed.) / Robert Fox (ed.) Oxford University Press 2017 - 8
The Oxford Handbook of the History of Physics brings together cutting-edge writing by more than twenty leading authorities on the history of physics from the seventeenth century to the present day. By presenting a wide diversity of studies in a single volume, it provides authoritative introductions to scholarly contributions that have tended to be dispersed in journals and books not easily accessible to the general reader. While the core thread remains the theories and experimental practices of physics, the Handbook contains chapters on other dimensions that have their place in any rounded history. These include the role of lecturing and textbooks in the communication of knowledge, the contribution of instrument-makers and instrument-making companies in providing for the needs of both research and lecture demonstrations, and the growing importance of the many interfaces between academic physics, industry, and the military.
Isaac Newton's Natural Philosophy 豆瓣
作者: Buchwald, Jed Z.; Cohen, I. Bernard; 2004 - 1
Newton studies have undergone radical changes in the last half-century as more of his work has been uncovered and more details of his life and intellectual context have come to light. This volume singles out two strands in recent Newton studies: the intellectual background to Newton's scientific thought and both specific and general aspects of his technical science. The essays make new claims concerning Newton's mathematical methods, experimental investigations, and motivations, as well as the effect that his long presence had on science in England.The book is divided into two parts. The essays in part I shed new light on Newton's motivations and the sources of his method. The essays in part II explore Newton's mathematical philosophy and his development of rational mechanics and celestial dynamics. An appendix includes the last paper by Newton biographer Richard W. Westfall, examining some of the ways that mathematics came to be used in the age of Newton in pursuits and domains other than theoretical or rational mechanics.