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'A grain in the balance will determine which individual shall live and which shall die...'. Darwin's theory of natural selection issued a profound challenge to orthodox thought and belief: no being or species has been specifically created; all are locked into a pitiless struggle for existence, with extinction looming for those not fitted for the task. Yet 'The Origin of the Species' (1859) is also a humane and inspirational vision of ecological interrelatedness, revealing the complex mutual interdependencies between animal and plant life, climate and physical environment, and - by implication - within the human world. Written for the general reader, in a style which combines the rigour of science with the subtlety of literature, 'The Origin of the Species' remains one of the founding documents of the modern age.

This volume unites, for the first time, Books IV and V of Mill's great treatise on political economy with his fragmentary chapters on socialism. It shows him applying his classical economic theory to policy questions of abiding concern, particularly the desirability of sustained growth of national wealth and population versus a stationary state, the merits of capitalism versus socialism, and the expedient scope of government intervention in the competitive market economy. His answers to those questions have considerable relevance today, and they serve to illustrate the enduring power and imagination of his distinctive liberal utilitarian philosophy. In his introduction, Jonathan Riley clarifies Mill's approach, considers what constitutes the Millian Utopia, and shows how examination of such an ideal society provides valuable insights into the structure of his philosophy. ABOUT THE SERIES: For over 100 years Oxford World's Classics has made available the widest range of literature from around the globe. Each affordable volume reflects Oxford's commitment to scholarship, providing the most accurate text plus a wealth of other valuable features, including expert introductions by leading authorities, helpful notes to clarify the text, up-to-date bibliographies for further study, and much more.

This landmark treatise of 1817 formulated the guiding principles behind the market economy. Author Ricardo, with Adam Smith, founded the classical system of political economy, a school of thought that dominated economic policies throughout the 19th century and figured prominently in the theories of John Stuart Mill and Karl Marx.

J. R. and Philip Milton present the first critical edition of John Locke's Essay concerning Toleration and a number of other writings on law and politics composed between 1667 and 1683. Although Locke never published any of these works himself they are of very great interest for students of his intellectual development because they are markedly different from the early works he wrote while at Oxford and show him working out ideas that were to appear in his mature political writings, the Two Treatises of Government and the Epistola de Tolerantia. The Essay concerning Toleration was written in 1667, shortly after Locke had taken up residence in the household of his patron Lord Ashley, subsequently Earl of Shaftesbury. It has been in print since the nineteenth century, but this volume contains the first critical edition based on all the extant manuscripts; it also contains a detailed account of Locke's arguments and of the contemporary debates on comprehension and toleration. Also included are a number of shorter writings on church and state, including a short set of queries on Scottish church government (1668), Locke's notes on Samuel Parker (1669), and 'Excommunication' (1674). The other two main works contained in this volume are rather different in character . One is a short tract on jury selection which was written at the time of Shaftesbury's imprisonment in 1681. The other is 'A Letter from a Person of Quality', a political pamphlet written by or for Shaftesbury in 1675 as part of his campaign against the Earl of Danby. This was published anonymously and is of disputed authorship; it was first attributed to Locke in 1720 and since then has occupied an uncertain position in the Locke canon. This volume contains the first critical edition based on contemporary printed editions and manuscripts and it includes a detailed account of the Letter's composition, authorship, and subsequent history. This volume will be an invaluable resource for all historians of early modern philosophy, of legal, political, and religious thought, and of 17th century Britain.

《原富》一書是嚴復翻譯英國古典經濟學家亞當．斯密的《國富論》(An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations)，這本書最早明確提出財富形成的泉源和過程，揭示出財富在社會各階層的分配。
全書包括兩卷共5部，在第一部的序言中，亞當‧斯密對全書進行了概括描述，他認為國民財富的產生主要取于兩個因素，一是勞動力的技術、技巧和判斷力，二是勞動力和總人口的比例，在這兩個因素中，第一個因素起決定性作用。
另外，書中所提到的分工原理、供需法則、生產三原素、資本論，都是形成今日資本主義社會的重要基石。而且對於勞動市場、商品市場、貨幣市場、生產要素市場、資本循環、專業分工等都有相當多的論述，其中亦有不少是為了抨擊當時的重商學派及重農學派的理論而生。尤其認為經濟的出發點是利己心〈Self-interest〉，在經濟生活中，每個人都追求自己的利益，是人性的一面，也是一種自然現象。

《一个数学家的辩白》是英国著名数学家哈代的一部科普经典，自面世以来畅销不衰，再版重印达19次之多，被众多评论家称为是“用最优雅的语言对数学真谛进行的最完美的揭示”。

G. H. Hardy was one of this century's finest mathematical thinkers, renowned among his contemporaries as a 'real mathematician ... the purest of the pure'. He was also, as C. P. Snow recounts in his Foreword, 'unorthodox, eccentric, radical, ready to talk about anything'. This 'apology', written in 1940 as his mathematical powers were declining, offers a brilliant and engaging account of mathematics as very much more than a science; when it was first published, Graham Greene hailed it alongside Henry James's notebooks as 'the best account of what it was like to be a creative artist'. C. P. Snow's Foreword gives sympathetic and witty insights into Hardy's life, with its rich store of anecdotes concerning his collaboration with the brilliant Indian mathematician Ramanujan, his aphorisms and idiosyncrasies, and his passion for cricket. This is a unique account of the fascination of mathematics and of one of its most compelling exponents in modern times.

凯恩斯以后的100位著名经济学家，ISBN：9787100037235，作者：（英）马克·布劳格（Mark Blaug）著；冯炳昆，李宝鸿译

《纸与铁》提出了全新的观点，以颇有影响力的汉堡工商界为切入点，分析了为通货膨胀政策辩护的那些理由存在的漏洞，指出通货膨胀严重危害了德国经济，侵蚀了资产阶级社会的根基，使魏玛共和国这个福利国家失信于民。此外，通货膨胀也没能使赔款减少。作者剖析了长期以来德国政治经济体系的弊端。不仅揭示了魏玛共和国的失败根源可以追溯到威廉德国时期，而且还为分析第三帝国的兴起提供了不同的视角。在《纸与铁》德国经济灾难和政治之间关系的生动阐述中，相信你一定会从一个全新的角度理解德国通胀。
1923年德国的恶性通货膨胀是历史上少数影响深远的经济事件之一，人们普遍认为它是导致希特勒发迹的根源。然而，近年来有很多历史学家认为，通货膨胀政策不但刺激了经济增长，而且还帮助德国减少了赔款，因此对于1918年以后的德国是利大于弊。当时的德国没有其他可行的替代方案。
海报：

在你的头脑里，有一种比最新高科技电脑还要高效的神奇节力装置，它可以帮助你免于应付周遭世界各种日常事务之烦劳，使你可以集中精力关注那些对你来说重要的事情：结交朋友和影响他人。当然，这个融入社会世界的“你”同时也是你的脑的一个建构物。正是你的脑，才使你能与你身边的人分享你的精神世界。
《心智的构建：脑如何创造我们的精神世界》通过大量详实的实验数据与案例，通俗简明、科学有趣地阐述了我们了解世界的方式——一种被作者称作自然式学习的方式，丰富了我们关于学习是怎样发生的理解。全书隐含着许多有关学习的生物学解释和新观点，为我们打开了一扇从神经科学视角理解学习的新窗口，是一本难得的了解我们脑如何构建精神世界的出色入门书，同时对于想了解脑、心智、行为与外部世界交互机理的读者来说，也是一本必读书。

In Ihrem Kopf gibt es eine erstaunliche Vorrichtung, die Ihnen jede Menge Arbeit erspart - und die darin effizienter ist als die neuesten High-Tech-Computer: Ihr Gehirn. Es befreit Sie Tag fA1/4r Tag von Aufgaben wie der bewussten Orientierung und Bewegung in der Welt um Sie herum, so dass Sie sich auf die wirklich wichtigen Dinge konzentrieren kAnnen: nAmlich Freundschaften zu schlieAen und Menschen zu beeinflussen. Allerdings ist auch das "Ich," das in diese soziale Welt entlassen wird, ein Konstrukt Ihres Gehirns. Es ist Ihr Gehirn, das es Ihnen ermAglicht, Ihr geistiges Leben mit Ihren Mitmenschen um Sie herum zu teilen. Dieses von einem der international fA1/4hrenden Neurowissenschaftler geschriebene Buch liefert eine verstAndliche Zusammenfassung der experimentellen Untersuchungen, die zeigen, wie das Gehirn unsere geistige Welt erschafft. Der Autor greift dabei ebenso auf die Hinweise aus bildgebenden Verfahren wie auf psychologische Experimente und Studien mit Patienten zurA1/4ck, um die Beziehung zwischen Geist und Gehirn zu erkunden. Er zeigt, dass wir unser Wissen A1/4ber die geistige und kArperliche Welt mithilfe von Modellen erwerben, die unser Gehirn erschafft. Und er verdeutlicht, wie das Gehirn die Kommunikation von Ideen zwischen unseren KApfen mAglich macht. "Christopher Frith ist fA1/4r sein extrem klares Denken bekannt, mit dem er komplexe psychologische PhAnomene durchschaubar macht, ob es um Urheberschaft, soziale Intelligenz oder die Geisteswelt von Menschen mit Autismus und Schizophrenie geht. Und genau diese Fragen wie auch unser VerstAndnis von Wahrnehmen, Handeln, WAhlen, Erinnern und FA1/4hlen werden derzeit durch bildgebende Verfahren revolutioniert. In Wie das Gehirn die Welt erschafft fA1/4hrt er all dies in A1/4beraus verstAndlicher und anregender Weise zusammen." Oliver Sacks

本书是公认的图灵最权威传记。艾伦·图灵是现代计算机科学之父，在24岁时奠定了计算机的理论基础。二战期间，他为盟军破译密码，为结束战争做出巨大贡献。战后，他开创性地提出人工智能的概念，并做了大量的前期工作。因同性恋问题事发，被迫注射激素，后来吃毒苹果而死。他吃毒苹果的原因 至今不明，一代科学大师，是自杀、他杀还是不小心，成为20世纪的谜。

The Birth of the Modern World is a wonderfully ambitious book that effectively demonstrates the global nature of the modern world and the need to decentre national histories and think big. It is a 'thematic history' demonstrating how 'historical trends and sequences of events, which have been treated separately in regional or national histories, can be brought together' (p. 1). Bayly's emphasis is on the interdependencies and interconnectedness of political and social changes across the world in a period well before contemporary globalisation. It is in part a culmination of his own work over a long period – using his rich and detailed knowledge of Indian and South Asian history as he did previously in Imperial Meridian – as a basis from which to reflect on national, imperial and global concerns. It is an intervention in the current debates over globalisation, for he shares the insistence of A. G. Hopkins and others that the contemporary version of this is not the first; theorists must be more careful to specify the particularities of phases of globalisation given its long history. (2) It is also an attempt to put a particular reading of connection and interdependence at the heart of the making of the modern world, thereby unseating E. J. Hobsbawm's magisterial four volumes on the long nineteenth century, The Age of Revolution, Industry and Empire, The Age of Capital and The Age of Empire with its drama of the unfolding logic of capitalism and exploitation, and providing a new account for these post-Marxist times. In the process it cocks many a snook at post-colonial theorists with their 'polemic' and their 'jargon' and the particular sets of antagonisms and dynamics that they stress – racialised difference –and is proud of its sceptical stance towards theory, keen to avoid 'pretentious words'. The strength of Bayly's analysis is that it insists on modernity as a global process. The downside from my perspective is the absence of an analysis of power. As he admits right at the end of the book an emphasis on networks and connections can (and indeed does in this instance) take away from the question of power – who wields it, over whom, and how? His account, he insists, is not one of collaboration but subordination.

This forceful polemic explores the staggering human cost of the Industrial Revolution in Victorian England. Engels paints an unforgettable picture of daily life in the new industrial towns, and for miners and agricultural workers in a savage indictment of the greed of the bourgeoisie. His later preface, written for the first English edition of 1892 and included here, brought the story up-to-date in the light of forty years' further reflection.

作者选取英国工业革命时期的工人为考察对象，用阶级分析和阶级斗争的观点解释历史，阐述了他关于阶级和阶级“形成”的理论。

九十一歲的歷史學家，他的生命長度幾乎等同於「恐怖的」二十世紀。雖然如此，他自己也誠實地說：個人的生活經驗其實與二十世紀的許多恐怖事件之間，存有明顯的矛盾，因為至少一般人的生活仍講得出好笑話。
身為一位歷史學家，而不是小說家，他的筆觸充滿熱情卻不煽情，敘事方式叼叼絮絮卻不試圖勾勒一個戲劇化的人生，或者特意營造某種感染力。可是跟隨他信手拈來的吉光片羽，才發現他側面認識了許多影響二十世紀發展的重要人物不論是政治方面、思想方面或社會行動方面。他也許不是某個事件的直接參與者，卻在某種機緣下近身觀察，加上身為歷史學家對文獻的嫻熟掌握，幫助他速描事件中人們的處境，以及每個世代、每個地區的變動痕跡，讓我們體會「那些年代、那些人、那些事」。你會發現，這是一個平凡的人生，但不只是「他的」人生是一個趣味橫生的「二十世紀」人生。

Eric Hobsbawm traces with brilliant anlytical clarity the transformation brought about in evry sphere of European life by the Dual revolution - the 1789 French revolution and the Industrial Revolution that originated in Britain. This enthralling and original account highlights the significant sixty years when industrial capitalism established itself in Western Europe and when Europe established the domination over the rest of the world it was to hold for half a century.

The splendid finale to Eric Hobsbawm's study of the nineteenth century, 'The Age of Empire' covers the era of Western imperialism and examines the forces that swept the world to the outbreak of World War I - and shaped modern society.