For courses in Image Processing and Computer Vision. Completely self-contained--and heavily illustrated--this introduction to basic concepts and methodologies for digital image processing is written at a level that truly is suitable for seniors and first-year graduate students in almost any technical discipline. The leading textbook in its field for more than twenty years, it continues its cutting-edge focus on contemporary developments in all mainstream areas of image processing--e.g., image fundamentals, image enhancement in the spatial and frequency domains, restoration, color image processing, wavelets, image compression, morphology, segmentation, image description, and the fundamentals of object recognition. It focuses on material that is fundamental and has a broad scope of application.

This volume systematically details both the basic principles and new developments in Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), offering a solid understanding of the methodology, its uses, and its potential. New material in this edition includes coverage of recent developments that have greatly extended the power and scope of DEA and have lead to new directions for research and DEA uses. Each chapter accompanies its developments with simple numerical examples and discussions of actual applications. The first nine chapters cover the basic principles of DEA, while the final seven chapters provide a more advanced treatment.

Humans perceive the three-dimensional structure of the world with apparent ease. However, despite all of the recent advances in computer vision research, the dream of having a computer interpret an image at the same level as a two-year old remains elusive. Why is computer vision such a challenging problem and what is the current state of the art? "Computer Vision: Algorithms and Applications" explores the variety of techniques commonly used to analyze and interpret images. It also describes challenging real-world applications where vision is being successfully used, both for specialized applications such as medical imaging, and for fun, consumer-level tasks such as image editing and stitching, which students can apply to their own personal photos and videos. More than just a source of 'recipes,' this exceptionally authoritative and comprehensive textbook/reference also takes a scientific approach to basic vision problems, formulating physical models of the imaging process before inverting them to produce descriptions of a scene. These problems are also analyzed using statistical models and solved using rigorous engineering techniques. Topics and features: Structured to support active curricula and project-oriented courses, with tips in the Introduction for using the book in a variety of customized courses; Presents exercises at the end of each chapter with a heavy emphasis on testing algorithms and containing numerous suggestions for small mid-term projects; Provides additional material and more detailed mathematical topics in the Appendices, which cover linear algebra, numerical techniques, and Bayesian estimation theory; Suggests additional reading at the end of each chapter, including the latest research in each sub-field, in addition to a full Bibliography at the end of the book; and, Supplies supplementary course material for students at the associated website. Suitable for an upper-level undergraduate or graduate-level course in computer science or engineering, this textbook focuses on basic techniques that work under real-world conditions and encourages students to push their creative boundaries. Its design and exposition also make it eminently suitable as a unique reference to the fundamental techniques and current research literature in computer vision.

文化大革命如火如荼进行的同时。军方探寻外星文明的绝秘计划“红岸工程”取得了突破性进展。但在按下发射键的那一刻，历经劫难的叶文洁没有意识到，她彻底改变了人类的命运。地球文明向宇宙发出的第一声啼鸣，以太阳为中心，以光速向宇宙深处飞驰……
　　四光年外，“三体文明”正苦苦挣扎——三颗无规则运行的太阳主导下的百余次毁灭与重生逼迫他们逃离母星。而恰在此时。他们接收到了地球发来的信息。在运用超技术锁死地球人的基础科学之后。三体人庞大的宇宙舰队开始向地球进发……
　　人类的末日悄然来临。

在法兰克福，木心写道，飞越大西洋，伦敦消失，法兰克福出现，机组人员没发任何表格，心里有点痒兮兮。登录一个不设防的国家……画廊主、餐馆老板、咖啡厅领班都一口流利英语。坐在枫树下的木头长凳上，喝微甜的苹果酒，将香香的腊肠送入口中……木心决意在此结束这部诗及俳句集，并题名为《云雀叫了一整天》。

Awarded the Dexter Prize by the Society for the History of Technology, this book offers a comparative history of the evolution of modern electric power systems. It described large-scale technological change and demonstrates that technology cannot be understood unless placed in a cultural context.

"More than any thing else technology creates our world. It creates our wealth, our economy, our very way of being," says W. Brian Arthur. Yet, until now the major questions of technology have gone unanswered. Where do new technologies come from -- how exactly does invention work? What constitutes innovation, and how is it achieved? Why are certain regions -- Cambridge, England, in the 1920s and Silicon Valley today -- hotbeds of innovation, while others languish? Does technology, like biological life, evolve? How do new industries, and the economy itself, emerge from technologies? In this groundbreaking work, pioneering technology thinker and economist W. Brian Arthur sets forth a boldly original way of thinking about technology that gives answers to these questions. The Nature of Technology is an elegant and powerful theory of technology's origins and evolution. It achieves for the progress of technology what Thomas Kuhn's The Structure of Scientific Revolutions did for scientific progress. Arthur explains how transformative new technologies arise and how innovation really works. Conventional thinking ascribes the invention of technologies to "thinking outside the box," or vaguely to genius or creativity, but Arthur shows that such explanations are inadequate. Rather, technologies are put together from pieces -- themselves technologies -- that already exist. Technologies therefore share common ancestries and combine, morph, and combine again to create further technologies. Technology evolves much as a coral reef builds itself from activities of small organisms -- it creates itself from itself; all technologies are descended from earlier technologies. Drawing on a wealth of examples, from historical inventions to the high-tech wonders of today, and writing in wonder fully engaging and clear prose, Arthur takes us on a mind-opening journey that will change the way we think about technology and how it structures our lives.

Hao Wang (1921-1995) was one of the few confidants of the great mathematician and logician Kurt Godel. A Logical Journey is a continuation of Wang's Reflections on Godel and also elaborates on discussions contained in From Mathematics to Philosophy. A decade in preparation, it contains important and unfamiliar insights into Godel's views on a wide range of issues, from Platonism and the nature of logic, to minds and machines, the existence of God, and positivism and phenomenology.The impact of Godel's theorem on twentieth-century thought is on par with that of Einstein's theory of relativity, Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, or Keynesian economics. These previously unpublished intimate and informal conversations, however, bring to light and amplify Godel's other major contributions to logic and philosophy. They reveal that there is much more in Godel's philosophy of mathematics than is commonly believed, and more in his philosophy than his philosophy of mathematics.Wang writes that "it is even possible that his quite informal and loosely structured conversations with me, which I am freely using in this book, will turn out to be the fullest existing expression of the diverse components of his inadequately articulated general philosophy. "The first two chapters are devoted to Godel's life and mental development. In the chapters that follow, Wang illustrates the quest for overarching solutions and grand unifications of knowledge and action in Godel's written speculations on God and an afterlife. He gives the background and a chronological summary of the conversations, considers Godel's comments on philosophies and philosophers (his support of Husserl's phenomenology and his digressions on Kant and Wittgenstein), and his attempt to demonstrate the superiority of the mind's power over brains and machines. Three chapters are tied together by what Wang perceives to be Godel's governing ideal of philosophy: an exact theory in which mathematics and Newtonian physics serve as a model for philosophy or metaphysics. Finally, in an epilog Wang sketches his own approach to philosophy in contrast to his interpretation of Godel's outlook.

The standard rules of probability can be interpreted as uniquely valid principles in logic. In this book, E. T. Jaynes dispels the imaginary distinction between 'probability theory' and 'statistical inference', leaving a logical unity and simplicity, which provides greater technical power and flexibility in applications. This book goes beyond the conventional mathematics of probability theory, viewing the subject in a wider context. New results are discussed, along with applications of probability theory to a wide variety of problems in physics, mathematics, economics, chemistry and biology. It contains many exercises and problems, and is suitable for use as a textbook on graduate level courses involving data analysis. The material is aimed at readers who are already familiar with applied mathematics at an advanced undergraduate level or higher. The book will be of interest to scientists working in any area where inference from incomplete information is necessary.

此书是利玛窦和徐光启合译的古希腊数学家欧几里得的名著，是该著最早的中文译本，在中国科技史和中外文化交流史上具有非常重要的影响。

The Circle is the exhilarating new novel from Dave Eggers, best-selling author of A Hologram for the King, a finalist for the National Book Award.
When Mae Holland is hired to work for the Circle, the world’s most powerful internet company, she feels she’s been given the opportunity of a lifetime. The Circle, run out of a sprawling California campus, links users’ personal emails, social media, banking, and purchasing with their universal operating system, resulting in one online identity and a new age of civility and transparency. As Mae tours the open-plan office spaces, the towering glass dining facilities, the cozy dorms for those who spend nights at work, she is thrilled with the company’s modernity and activity. There are parties that last through the night, there are famous musicians playing on the lawn, there are athletic activities and clubs and brunches, and even an aquarium of rare fish retrieved from the Marianas Trench by the CEO. Mae can’t believe her luck, her great fortune to work for the most influential company in the world—even as life beyond the campus grows distant, even as a strange encounter with a colleague leaves her shaken, even as her role at the Circle becomes increasingly public. What begins as the captivating story of one woman’s ambition and idealism soon becomes a heart-racing novel of suspense, raising questions about memory, history, privacy, democracy, and the limits of human knowledge.

Throughout time, from ancient Rome to modern Britain, the great empires built and maintained their domination through force of arms and political power. But not the United States. America has dominated the world in a new, peaceful, and pervasive way -- through the continued creation of staggering wealth. In this authoritative, engrossing history, John Steele Gordon captures as never before the true source of our nation's global influence: wealth and the capacity to create more of it. This P.S. edition features an extra 16 pages of insights into the book, including author interviews, recommended reading, and more.

【《文明之光》系列荣获由中宣部、中国图书评论学会和中央电视台联合推选的2014“中国好书”奖】
吴军博士从对人类文明产生了重大影响却在过去被忽略的历史故事里，选择了有意思的几十个片段特写，以人文和科技、经济结合的视角，有机地展现了一幅人类文明发展的宏大画卷。
《文明之光 》系列大致按照从地球诞生到近现代的顺序讲述了人类文明进程的各个阶段，每个章节相对独立，全景式地展现了人类文明发展历程中的多样性。
《文明之光》系列第三册讲述了音乐、美术、计算机、互联网、金融、硅谷对世界科技发展的启迪、微粒子和宇宙天文学、环境保护等，共八个专题。
看完这个系列，读者朋友可以体会到，在漫长的历史长河中，人类社会虽然不断遇到一些困难和问题，但人类总是会有办法解决它们，我们要成为一个“理性乐观派”；其次是能够认识到普通人对文明发展的贡献，每个人都可以成为贡献者。
【编辑推荐】
一曲理性乐观者的牧歌 通俗易懂的世界通史入门读物
娓娓道来几十段精彩的文明史片段，闪耀人类文明的三卷赞歌！
作者以人文与科技、经济结合的视角，选取对人类历史发展产生重大影响的人或事件：大航海，文艺复兴，古代罗马，美第奇家族，瓷器，牛顿，爱迪生，航天飞机，原子能，绘画、音乐，计算机时代……透过有趣易懂的故事式的讲解，揭示人类文明不断解决问题、曲折前行的辉煌历程，以及平凡人等对社会进步的巨大贡献。在阅读过程中，读者既能够增长历史知识，也可以体会到人类文明发展历程的多样性。
在具体的讲述上，作者以科学的态度提及不同的观点，并不只执一家之言或是轻易给出一个结论，比如评价宋朝就提到了钱穆、陈寅恪、费正清的不同观点。正是这种贯穿始终的科学态度，让这本书给人启发的同时也令人信服。
万科集团董事长王石先生、美国著名华裔物理学家张首晟教授分别为《文明之光》作序，对本书给予了高度评价。

During the past decade there has been an explosion in computation and information technology. With it have come vast amounts of data in a variety of fields such as medicine, biology, finance, and marketing. The challenge of understanding these data has led to the development of new tools in the field of statistics, and spawned new areas such as data mining, machine learning, and bioinformatics. Many of these tools have common underpinnings but are often expressed with different terminology. This book describes the important ideas in these areas in a common conceptual framework. While the approach is statistical, the emphasis is on concepts rather than mathematics. Many examples are given, with a liberal use of color graphics. It is a valuable resource for statisticians and anyone interested in data mining in science or industry. The book's coverage is broad, from supervised learning (prediction) to unsupervised learning. The many topics include neural networks, support vector machines, classification trees and boosting---the first comprehensive treatment of this topic in any book. This major new edition features many topics not covered in the original, including graphical models, random forests, ensemble methods, least angle regression & path algorithms for the lasso, non-negative matrix factorization, and spectral clustering. There is also a chapter on methods for "wide" data (p bigger than n), including multiple testing and false discovery rates.

Algorithm Design introduces algorithms by looking at the real-world problems that motivate them. The book teaches students a range of design and analysis techniques for problems that arise in computing applications. The text encourages an understanding of the algorithm design process and an appreciation of the role of algorithms in the broader field of computer science.
August 6, 2009 Author, Jon Kleinberg, was recently cited in the New York Times for his statistical analysis research in the Internet age.

Diese kompakte Einf hrung in die Theoretische Informatik stellt die wichtigsten Modelle f r zentrale Probleme der Informatik vor. Dabei werden u.a. folgende Fragestellungen behandelt: Welche Probleme sind algorithmisch l sbar? (Theorie der Berechenbarkeit und Entscheidbarkeit)Wie schwierig ist es algorithmische Probleme zu l sen? (Theorie der Berechnungskomplexit t, NP-Theorie)Wie sind informationsverarbeitende Systeme prinzipiell aufgebaut? (Theorie der endlichen Automaten)Welche Strukturen besitzen Programmiersprachen? (Theorie der formalen Sprachen)In der Erarbeitung dieser Themen wird der Abstraktionsproze von den realen Gegenst nden der Informatik zu den in der Theoretischen Infromatik etabliertern Modellen, wie z.B. Random-Access-Maschinen, Turingmaschinen und endliche Automaten, nachvollzogen und umgekehrt verdeutlicht, was diese Modelle aufgrund der ber sie gewonnenen Erkenntnisse f r die Praxis leisten k nnen.

This text, extensively class-tested over a decade at UC Berkeley and UC San Diego, explains the fundamentals of algorithms in a story line that makes the material enjoyable and easy to digest. Emphasis is placed on understanding the crisp mathematical idea behind each algorithm, in a manner that is intuitive and rigorous without being unduly formal.