本书第一部讨论了沟口雄三中国思想史研究的整体结构，特别是他在经验研究中折射出来的原理性假说；第二部讨论了20世纪50年代后期发生在日本的昭和史论争。本书通过对这两个个案的研究，提出了关于如何破除静态的知识感觉，建立把握动态过程的认识论课题。在形而下层面建立多元的普遍性，关键在于如何通过相似性进入差异，并进而在差异状态中理解差异。为此，不仅需要哲学认识论的翻转，而且需要对经验的重新认识。破除旧形而上学的干扰，把世界视为过程的集合体，而不是事物的集合体，这个恩格斯留下的思想课题，通过形而下之理的探讨激发出新的理论能量。

Tracing neoliberalism's devastating erosions of democratic principles, practices, and cultures.
Neoliberal rationality―ubiquitous today in statecraft and the workplace, in jurisprudence, education, and culture―remakes everything and everyone in the image of homo oeconomicus. What happens when this rationality transposes the constituent elements of democracy into an economic register? In Undoing the Demos, Wendy Brown explains how democracy itself is imperiled. The demos disintegrates into bits of human capital; concerns with justice bow to the mandates of growth rates, credit ratings, and investment climates; liberty submits to the imperative of human capital appreciation; equality dissolves into market competition; and popular sovereignty grows incoherent. Liberal democratic practices may not survive these transformations. Radical democratic dreams may not either.
In an original and compelling argument, Brown explains how and why neoliberal reason undoes the political form and political imaginary it falsely promises to secure and reinvigorate. Through meticulous analyses of neoliberalized law, political practices, governance, and education, she charts the new common sense. Undoing the Demos makes clear that for democracy to have a future, it must become an object of struggle and rethinking.

Inequality is widely regarded as morally T. M. Scanlon investigates why it matters to us. Demands for greater equality can seem puzzling, because it can be unclear what reason people have for objecting to the difference between what they have and what others have, as opposed simply to wanting to be better off. This book examines six such reasons. Inequality can be objectionable because it arises from a failure of some agent to give equal concern to the interests of different parties to whom it is obligated to provide some good. It can be objectionable because it involves or gives rise to objectionable inequalities in status. It can be objectionable because it gives the rich unacceptable forms of control over the lives of those who have less. It can be objectionable because it interferes with the procedural fairness of economic institutions, or because it deprives some people of substantive opportunity to take part in those institutions. Inequality can be
objectionable because it interferes with the fairness of political institutions. Finally, inequality in wealth and income can be objectionable because it is the institutional mechanisms that produce it cannot be justified in the relevant way. Scanlon's aims is to provide a moral anatomy of these six reasons, and the ideas of equality that they involve. He also examines objections to the pursuit of equality on the ground that it involves objectionable interference with individual liberty, and argues that ideas of desert do not provide a basis either for justifying significant economic inequality or for objecting to it.

「思想36」的專題是：「天下」作為意識形態。
十餘年來，「天下」這個議題不僅是史學與政治哲學的學院問題，還涉及了中國人如何界定自身，如何想像世界，如何想像中國在世界上的位置，具有非比尋常的現實意義。在此中國崛起的時刻，中國大陸知識人對這個概念的思考與運用，自然引起了周遭世界的關注。梁治平教授在這篇文章中，詳細地考察、梳理從趙汀陽、汪暉一直到晚近的多種重要著作，以及產生這些著作的宏觀背景。細讀之後，可以掌握整個「天下」論述的面貌，尤其是天下論述的意識形態脈絡，對讀者的助益極大。本期還有〈杜贊奇教授〉的訪談，以及其他多篇值得閱讀的文章佳作。

Product Description
An unimpeachable classic work in political philosophy, intellectual and cultural history, and economics, The Road to Serfdom has inspired and infuriated politicians, scholars, and general readers for half a century. Originally published in 1944—when Eleanor Roosevelt supported the efforts of Stalin, and Albert Einstein subscribed lock, stock, and barrel to the socialist program—The Road to Serfdom was seen as heretical for its passionate warning against the dangers of state control over the means of production. For F. A. Hayek, the collectivist idea of empowering government with increasing economic control would lead not to a utopia but to the horrors of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy.
First published by the University of Chicago Press on September 18, 1944, The Road to Serfdom garnered immediate, widespread attention. The first printing of 2,000 copies was exhausted instantly, and within six months more than 30,000 books were sold. In April 1945, Reader’s Digest published a condensed version of the book, and soon thereafter the Book-of-the-Month Club distributed this edition to more than 600,000 readers. A perennial best seller, the book has sold 400,000 copies in the United States alone and has been translated into more than twenty languages, along the way becoming one of the most important and influential books of the century.
With this new edition, The Road to Serfdom takes its place in the series The Collected Works of F. A. Hayek. The volume includes a foreword by series editor and leading Hayek scholar Bruce Caldwell explaining the book's origins and publishing history and assessing common misinterpretations of Hayek's thought. Caldwell has also standardized and corrected Hayek's references and added helpful new explanatory notes. Supplemented with an appendix of related materials ranging from prepublication reports on the initial manuscript to forewords to earlier editions by John Chamberlain, Milton Friedman, and Hayek himself, this new edition of The Road to Serfdom will be the definitive version of Friedrich Hayek's enduring masterwork.

《通往奴役之路》一书在哈耶克的学术生涯中占有极其重要地位，这本书为他赢得广泛的注意，他的世界性声誉就是由此奠定的。他在这本书中论证道，当时正在计划中的福利国家不是为个人自由的战斗在和平时期的继续，倒是朝着专制的方向迈出了一步。因此，他认为追求计划经济，其无意识后果必然是极权主义。为了反对这种计划经济，哈耶克有力地重申了他一贯坚持的古典自由主义观点，同时，也允许适度的政府活动，但这仅限于符合他的法治概念的那些活动形式。应该强调的是，哈耶克的自由主义包括对许多有用的社会制度的赞赏，但这些制度只能是人的自发行动的后果，而不能是人设计的结果。这一论点是从休漠、亚当・斯密和苏格兰历史学派那里继承过来的，它在哈耶克的著作中占据了重要位置。由此出发，哈耶克认为，良好的社会不是简单地依赖于在政府所提供的法律框架内追求私利，相反，它应依赖于一套复杂的法律、道义传统和行为规则的框架，这套框架的特点应该为大多数社会成员所理解和认同。<br />这部著作从问世直到今天，一直在学术界中存有争议。其中，一个重要原因在于这本书本身的内在悖论。我们知道，哈耶克这本书的观点来源于关于市场和其它非主观设计的制度所具有的“自发秩序”的特性的思想。这种思想使哈耶克遇到一些难以解决的问题，使他不可避免地陷于社会进化和团体选择的争端之中。他对选择机制特点的论述与自由主义的关系并不总是清楚的。这些论点的非理性特征与其高度理性的几近乌托邦的新自由主义思想，形成鲜明的对照。《通往奴役之路》一书所存在的这种缺陷，日后也为作者本人意识到，他在后来出版的《自由宪章》和《法律、立法和自由》三部曲中，多处涉及这个难题，试图将古典自由主义与“进代”的主题结合起来。至于这一尝试成功与否，尚有待评说，但哈耶克及其著作无疑对学术界产生了重要影响，并对政治思想领域中古典自由主义的复兴发挥了极大的作用。

Rebellion was in the air. Workers were on strike, students were demonstrating on campuses, discipline was breaking down. No relation of domination was left untouched – the relation between the sexes, the racial order, the hierarchies of class, relationships in families, workplaces and colleges. The upheavals of the late 1960s and early 1970s quickly spread through all sectors of social and economic life, threatening to make society ungovernable. This crisis was also the birthplace of the authoritarian liberalism which continues to cast its shadow across the world in which we now live.
To ward off the threat, new arts of government were devised by elites in business-related circles, which included a war against the trade unions, the primacy of shareholder value and a dethroning of politics. The neoliberalism that thus began its triumphal march was not, however, determined by a simple ‘state phobia’ and a desire to free up the economy from government interference. On the contrary, the strategy for overcoming the crisis of governability consisted in an authoritarian liberalism in which the liberalization of society went hand-in-hand with new forms of power imposed from above: a ‘strong state’ for a ‘free economy’ became the new magic formula of our capitalist societies.
The new arts of government devised by ruling elites are still with us today and we can understand their nature and lasting influence only by re-examining the history of the conflicts that brought them into being.

Chosen by Pankaj Mishra as one of the Best Books of the Summer
Neoliberals hate the state. Or do they? In the first intellectual history of neoliberal globalism, Quinn Slobodian follows a group of thinkers from the ashes of the Habsburg Empire to the creation of the World Trade Organization to show that neoliberalism emerged less to shrink government and abolish regulations than to redeploy them at a global level.
Slobodian begins in Austria in the 1920s. Empires were dissolving and nationalism, socialism, and democratic self-determination threatened the stability of the global capitalist system. In response, Austrian intellectuals called for a new way of organizing the world. But they and their successors in academia and government, from such famous economists as Friedrich Hayek and Ludwig von Mises to influential but lesser-known figures such as Wilhelm Roepke and Michael Heilperin, did not propose a regime of laissez-faire. Rather they used states and global institutions-the League of Nations, the European Court of Justice, the World Trade Organization, and international investment law-to insulate the markets against sovereign states, political change, and turbulent democratic demands for greater equality and social justice.
Far from discarding the regulatory state, neoliberals wanted to harness it to their grand project of protecting capitalism on a global scale. It was a project, Slobodian shows, that changed the world, but that was also undermined time and again by the inequality, relentless change, and social injustice that accompanied it.

This book is the first major account of political thought in twentieth-century Europe, both West and East, to appear since the end of the Cold War. Skillfully blending intellectual, political, and cultural history, Jan-Werner Müller elucidates the ideas that shaped the period of ideological extremes before 1945 and the liberalization of West European politics after the Second World War. He also offers vivid portraits of famous as well as unjustly forgotten political thinkers and the movements and institutions they inspired.
Müller pays particular attention to ideas advanced to justify fascism and how they relate to the special kind of liberal democracy that was created in postwar Western Europe. He also explains the impact of the 1960s and neoliberalism, ending with a critical assessment of today's self-consciously post-ideological age.

"Recognition" has become a veritable keyword of our time, but its relation to economic "redistribution" remains untheorized. This volume remedies the lacuna by staging a debate between two philosophers, one North American, the other European, who hold different views of the matter. Highly attuned to contemporary politics, the exchange between Nancy Fraser and Axel Honneth constitutes a rigorous dialogue on moral philosophy, social theory, and the best way to conceptualize capitalist society.

Eric Hobsbawm's brilliant enquiry into the question of nationalism won further acclaim for his 'colossal stature ... his incontrovertible excellence as an historian, and his authoritative and highly readable prose'. Recent events in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet republics have since reinforced the central importance of nationalism in the history of political evolution and upheaval. This second edition has been updated in the light of those events, with a final chapter addressing the impact of the dramatic changes that have taken place. It also includes additional maps to illustrate nationalities, languages and political divisions across Europe in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.