美国
The Conservative Sensibility 豆瓣
作者: George F. Will Hachette Books 2019 - 6
From the Pulitzer Prize-winning columnist, a monumental new reflection on American conservatism, examining how the Founders’ belief in natural rights created a great American political tradition–one that now finds itself under threat.
For more than four decades, George F. Will has attempted to discern the principles of the Western political tradition and apply them to America’s civic life. Today, the stakes could hardly be higher. Vital questions about the nature of man, of rights, of equality, of majority rule are bubbling just beneath the surface of daily events in America.
The Founders’ vision, articulated first in the Declaration of Independence and carried out in the Constitution, gave the new republic a framework for government unique in world history. Their beliefs in natural rights, limited government, religious freedom, and in human virtue and dignity ushered in two centuries of American prosperity. Now, as Will shows, conservatism is under threat–both from progressives and elements inside the Republican Party. America has become an administrative state, just as destructive trends have overtaken family life and higher education. Semi-autonomous executive agencies wield essentially unaccountable power. Congress has failed in its duty to exercise its legislative powers. And the executive branch has slipped the Constitution’s leash.
In the intellectual battle between the vision of Founding Fathers like James Madison, who advanced the notion of natural rights that pre-exist government, and the progressivism first advanced by Woodrow Wilson, the Founders have been losing. It’s time to reverse America’s political fortunes.
Expansive, intellectually thrilling, and written with the erudite wit that has made Will beloved by millions of readers, The Conservative Sensibility is an extraordinary new book from one of America’s most celebrated political writers.
2019年9月14日 已读
Quite ambivalent about this book. It really does not try to give a coherent and concise account of conservatism in the US. Really about the sensibilities (or drivels?) of an old conservative. Full of sound bites and may be deep...
政治 政治哲学 美国
The Color of Law 豆瓣 谷歌图书 Goodreads
作者: Richard Rothstein Liveright 2017 - 5
In this groundbreaking history of the modern American metropolis, Richard Rothstein, a leading authority on housing policy, explodes the myth that America’s cities came to be racially divided through de facto segregation―that is, through individual prejudices, income differences, or the actions of private institutions like banks and real estate agencies. Rather, The Color of Law incontrovertibly makes clear that it was de jure segregation―the laws and policy decisions passed by local, state, and federal governments―that actually promoted the discriminatory patterns that continue to this day.
Through extraordinary revelations and extensive research that Ta-Nehisi Coates has lauded as "brilliant" (The Atlantic), Rothstein comes to chronicle nothing less than an untold story that begins in the 1920s, showing how this process of de jure segregation began with explicit racial zoning, as millions of African Americans moved in a great historical migration from the south to the north.
Through extraordinary revelations and extensive research that Ta-Nehisi Coates has lauded as "brilliant" (The Atlantic), Rothstein comes to chronicle nothing less than an untold story that begins in the 1920s, showing how this process of de jure segregation began with explicit racial zoning, as millions of African Americans moved in a great historical migration from the south to the north.
The Fair Housing Act of 1968 prohibited future discrimination but did nothing to reverse residential patterns that had become deeply embedded. Yet recent outbursts of violence in cities like Baltimore, Ferguson, and Minneapolis show us precisely how the legacy of these earlier eras contributes to persistent racial unrest. “The American landscape will never look the same to readers of this important book” (Sherrilyn Ifill, president of the NAACP Legal Defense Fund), as Rothstein’s invaluable examination shows that only by relearning this history can we finally pave the way for the nation to remedy its unconstitutional past.
2020年6月9日 已读
very rarely do i have a nauseating sensation when reading. this book did it. the extent of overt or covert racist policies by the government(s) is obscene. such cold cases should not be forgotten. on a more academic note, the author documented well the injustices during new deal and immediate post war, but insufficient for post civil rights.
历史 政治 社会学 种族问题 美国
Stamped from the Beginning 豆瓣
作者: Ibram X. Kendi Nation Books 2016 - 4
Americans like to insist that they are living in a post-racial, color-blind society. In fact, racist thought is alive and well; it has simply become more sophisticated and more insidious. And as award-winning historian Ibram X. Kendi argues in Stamped from the Beginning, racist ideas in America have a long and lingering history, one in which nearly every great American thinker is complicit.
In this deeply researched and fast-moving narrative, Kendi chronicles the entire story of anti–Black racist ideas and their staggering power over the course of American history. Stamped from the Beginning uses the lives of five major American intellectuals to offer a window into the contentious debates between assimilationists and segregationists and between racists and anti-racists. From Puritan minister Cotton Mather to Thomas Jefferson, from fiery abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison to brilliant scholar W. E. B. Du Bois to legendary anti–prison activist Angela Davis, Kendi shows how and why some of our leading pro-slavery and pro–civil rights thinkers have challenged or helped cement racist ideas in America.
As Kendi provocatively illustrates, racist thinking did not arise from ignorance or hatred. Racist ideas were created and popularized in an effort to defend deeply entrenched discriminatory policies and to rationalize the nation’s racial inequities in everything from wealth to health. While racist ideas are easily produced and easily consumed, they can also be discredited. In shedding much–needed light on the murky history of racist ideas, Stamped from the Beginning offers tools to expose them—and in the process, reason to hope.
2020年6月19日 已读
using a simple definition of racism (treating one racial group inferior to another), the author trawls through history and identifies all bigots. it fails at identifying comments within their historicity. this book fails to be a history or a genealogy of racism. it amply documents "racist" quotes and it is quite wrong on recent economic history.
历史 种族问题 美国
How to Be an Antiracist 豆瓣 Goodreads
How to Be an Antiracist
作者: Ibram X. Kendi One World 2019 - 8
Antiracism is a transformative concept that reorients and reenergizes the conversation about racism—and, even more fundamentally, points us toward liberating new ways of thinking about ourselves and each other. At it’s core, racism is a powerful system that creates false hierarchies of human value; its warped logic extends beyond race, from the way we regard people of different ethnicities or skin colors to the way we treat people of different sexes, gender identities, and body types. Racism intersects with class and culture and geography and even changes the way we see and value ourselves. In How to Be an Antiracist, Kendi takes readers through a widening circle of antiracist ideas—from the most basic concepts to visionary possibilities—that will help readers see all forms of racism clearly, understand their posionous consequences, and work to oppose them in our systems and in ourselves.
Kendi weaves an electrifying combination of ethics, history, law, and science with his own personal story of awakening to antiracism. This is an essential work for anyone who wants to go beyond the awareness of racism to the next step: contributing to the formation of a just and equitable society.
2020年6月19日 已读
It is a hodgepodge of ideas not necessarily internally congruent to each other. The analysis of racism problems take a Marxian turn which seems to imply the dismantling of race but the author clings onto race (and omits classes). So that the prescription is class-less but a sort of colour-conscious nationalism..
种族问题 美国
Trade Wars Are Class Wars 豆瓣 Goodreads
作者: Matthew C. Klein / Michael Pettis Yale University Press 2020 - 5 其它标题: Trade Wars Are Class Wars: How Rising Inequality Distorts the Global Economy and Threatens International Peace
Trade disputes are usually understood as conflicts between countries with competing national interests, but as Matthew C. Klein and Michael Pettis show, they are often the unexpected result of domestic political choices to serve the interests of the rich at the expense of workers and ordinary retirees. Klein and Pettis trace the origins of today’s trade wars to decisions made by politicians and business leaders in China, Europe, and the United States over the past thirty years. Across the world, the rich have prospered while workers can no longer afford to buy what they produce, have lost their jobs, or have been forced into higher levels of debt. In this thought‑provoking challenge to mainstream views, the authors provide a cohesive narrative that shows how the class wars of rising inequality are a threat to the global economy and international peace—and what we can do about it.
2021年3月27日 已读
global Keynesian! A more insightful application of Keynesian logic to the global economy, and implicitly arguing again GDP growth metric. Using Keynesian logic here, what Pettis argues is that MPC & wealth distribution also aligns at the global scale. This is unequal wealth problem, so solution is redistribution. He proposed labor side redist.
economics 中国 国际关系 美国
The Left Behind 豆瓣
作者: Robert Wuthnow Princeton University Press 2019 - 5
What is fueling rural America’s outrage toward the federal government? Why did rural Americans vote overwhelmingly for Donald Trump? And is there a more nuanced explanation for the growing rural-urban divide? Drawing on more than a decade of research and hundreds of interviews, Robert Wuthnow brings us into America’s small towns, farms, and rural communities to paint a rich portrait of the moral order—the interactions, loyalties, obligations, and identities—underpinning this critical segment of the nation. Wuthnow demonstrates that to truly understand rural Americans’ anger, their culture must be explored more fully, and he shows that rural America’s fury stems less from economic concerns than from the perception that Washington is distant from and yet threatening to the social fabric of small towns. Moving beyond simplistic depictions of America’s heartland, The Left Behind offers a clearer picture of how this important population will influence the nation’s political future.
2021年1月12日 已读
Unlike Hochschild's thesis where the root is demanding recognition for redistribution. This book outlines a thesis for recognition only. Rural Americans are not voting against their econ interest: tax cuts are effective. They demand a return to moral community that they have been living. In this narrative, it is us v. them. Cf. J Pacewicz's thesis.
社会学 美国 美国政治
Janesville 豆瓣
作者: Amy Goldstein Simon & Schuster 2017 - 4
A Washington Post reporter’s intimate account of the fallout from the closing of a General Motors’ assembly plant in Janesville, Wisconsin—Paul Ryan’s hometown—and a larger story of the hollowing of the American middle class.
This is the story of what happens to an industrial town in the American heartland when its factory stills—but it’s not the familiar tale. Most observers record the immediate shock of vanished jobs, but few stay around long enough to notice what happens next, when a community with a can-do spirit tries to pick itself up.
Pulitzer Prize winner Amy Goldstein has spent years immersed in Janesville, Wisconsin where the nation’s oldest operating General Motors plant shut down in the midst of the Great Recession, two days before Christmas of 2008. Now, with intelligence, sympathy, and insight into what connects and divides people in an era of economic upheaval, she makes one of America’s biggest political issues human. Her reporting takes the reader deep into the lives of autoworkers, educators, bankers, politicians, and job re-trainers to show why it’s so hard in the twenty-first century to recreate a healthy, prosperous working class.
For this is not just a Janesville story or a Midwestern story. It’s an American story.
2021年2月24日 已读
As a narrative non-fiction, its words excel and its sentimental power exceeds that of "Strangers in their Own Land" or "Hillbilly Elegy". This genre is about "what has happened", and the question of "why" is left for other books. But the glistening little gems -- "the person on the other side".
社会 美国
Cleanness 豆瓣
作者: Garth Greenwell Farrar, Straus and Giroux 2020 - 1
In the highly anticipated follow-up to his beloved debut, What Belongs to You, Garth Greenwell expands his exploration of foreignness, obligation, and desire.
Sofia, Bulgaria, a landlocked city in southern Europe, stirs with hope and impending upheaval. Soviet buildings crumble, wind scatters sand from the far south, and political protesters flood the streets with song.
In this atmosphere of disquiet, an American teacher navigates a life transformed by the discovery and loss of love. As he prepares to leave the place he's come to call home, he grapples with the intimate encounters that have marked his years abroad, each bearing uncanny reminders of his past. A queer student's confession recalls his own first love, a stranger's seduction devolves into paternal sadism, and a romance with another foreigner opens, and heals, old wounds. Each echo reveals startling insights about what it means to seek connection: with those we love, with the places we inhabit, and with our own fugitive selves.
Cleanness revisits and expands the world of Garth Greenwell's beloved debut, What Belongs to You, declared "an instant classic" by The New York Times Book Review. In exacting, elegant prose, he transcribes the strange dialects of desire, cementing his stature as one of our most vital living writers.
Redistribution or Recognition? 豆瓣
作者: Nancy Fraser / Axel Honneth 译者: Christiane Wilke Verso 2003
"Recognition" has become a veritable keyword of our time, but its relation to economic "redistribution" remains untheorized. This volume remedies the lacuna by staging a debate between two philosophers, one North American, the other European, who hold different views of the matter. Highly attuned to contemporary politics, the exchange between Nancy Fraser and Axel Honneth constitutes a rigorous dialogue on moral philosophy, social theory, and the best way to conceptualize capitalist society.
The Paranoid Style in American Politics 豆瓣
作者: Richard Hofstadter Harvard University Press 1996 - 2
"The distinguishing thing about the paranoid style is not that its exponents see conspiracies or plots here and there in history, but that they regard a `vast' or `gigantic' conspiracy as the motive force in historical events...The paranoid spokesman sees the fate of this conspiracy in apocalyptic terms--he traffics in the birth and death of whole worlds, whole political orders, whole systems of human values. He is always manning the barricades of civilization." --From the book
美国秩序的根基 豆瓣
Roots of American Order
6.8 (5 个评分) 作者: [美]拉塞尔·柯克 译者: 张大军 江苏凤凰文艺出版社 2018 - 6
20世纪70年代初,本书首次面世时,美国正处于危机之中:理查德?尼克松不光彩地辞去总统职务,越南战争正走向灾难性的结局,大学正从学问的殿堂堕落成疯人院……
在世人大多对美国的未来感到沮丧时,作为当代保守主义运动的思想导师,柯克却满怀希望地期盼美国秩序的复兴,将其根基牢牢锚定在《旧约》中的先知时代,上下纵横三千多年,不无洞见地指出,从古希腊罗马到基督教的中世纪和宗教改革,西方历史的演变过程时时都在酝酿美国秩序的种子:耶路撒冷的信仰和伦理、雅典的理性与荣耀、罗马的美德与力量、伦敦的法律与市场,所有这一切都将融汇到由清教徒肇始的美国秩序之中。
在柯克看来,美国的成功之道似乎可以概括如下:宗教信念派生出有秩序的自由观;有秩序的自由观派生出自由市场和有限政府的制度安排;自由市场和有限政府的制度安排则为美国经济、社会和个人活力的发挥提供了尽可能多的保障。
柯克念兹在兹的是,让美国保持自由和繁荣的那些永恒之道,而这些永恒之道就蕴藏在美国和西方文明的传统之中。
以美为鉴 豆瓣
作者: 刘小枫 华夏出版社 2017
在我们常人眼里,美国政制是当今天下的最佳政制。理由很简单:那里的人民生活得最为富足和自由,每个人享有充分的自然权利,国家还如此强大。即便在受过大学教育的绝大多数中国人甚至各行学者眼里,这一点也毋庸置疑。
在美国同样如此。与我们不同的是,在美国学界,从事政治哲学研究的极少数业内人士心中有数:关于美国立国原则的政治哲学探究所引发的历史性争议是非未定,以至于美国政制的德性品质是优是劣,迄今尚无定论。在我国学界,也有极少数人觉得,美国政制并非当今天下的最佳政制,却未必清楚问题究竟怎么回事。本稿尝试考察英美学界半个多世纪以来围绕美国立国原则的持续论争,以便我们对这个问题本身也有所认识。
施特劳斯学派与剑桥学派的对峙,是这场持续论争的集中体现,迄今仍是引人注目的学术大事件。施特劳斯筚路蓝缕的政治哲学史研究取向,回到苏格拉底问题从头开始,力图在古典哲学的基础上捋清整个西方政治思想史的来龙去脉,重启“古今之争”,由此切入美国政制问题。剑桥学派以倡导政治话语史研究对抗施特劳斯派的政治哲学史研究,从近代西方的革命造反精神出发,致力打造一种名为“新古典共和主义”的现代政治思想传统,挑战美国立国原则的正统解释,并在现实层面积极推动公民参与式的直接民主。奇妙的是,剑桥学派宣称,他们提倡“公民共和主义”其实是在复兴一种被历史浧埋的“古代人的自由观”,从而也是在重启“古今之争”。
无论施特劳斯学派还是剑桥学派,都不是没有大政治关切的实证式的思想史研究。晚近十五年来,这两派的主要文献已经陆续译成中文,有目共睹,却未引起学界足够关注。究竟什么是“古今之争”?美国的立国原则与“古今之争”是什么关系?我们不应该觉得这样的问题事不关己。毕竟,我们不仅置身于自己的“古今之争”,而且同样面临两种精神品质的人文学问的“选边站”,除非我们不理会随着“改革开放”的深入必然会出现的情形:“自上而下的启蒙”与“自下的政治自由”的赛跑正在加速。本稿将以施特劳斯学派与剑桥学派在解释美国立国原则的德性基础时的尖锐对立为观察点,展示双方在涉及西方政治思想史的性质、目的和方法等方面所呈现出来的精神品质差异。