日本の歴史研究の水準を示す、最も信頼できる本格的通史。最新の研究結果をふまえ、政治史を軸に社会・経済・文化もバランスよく叙述。

《中国妇女史》是在国内外妇女史研究成果的基础上，尊重妇女史观的多元化，采用专题史的体例编写的妇女史。其主要内容包括：性别制度与性别观念的变化、女性的角色与定位、女主政治、女子教育、女性婚姻家庭、女性身体、女性阶层与社会地位等不同角度，呈现出了中国古代妇女多姿多彩的生活画面，诠释了妇女在人类历史发展中的作用和贡献，尽可能为读者提供客观、真实、全面的中国妇女的历史。它是一部主题鲜明、内容详实、兼具研究性成果与教学参考的学术作品。

“A masterful and compulsively readable book that challenges our preconceived notions about a behavior often sensationalized in our culture and, until just recently, misunderstood in the scientific world.” —Ian Tattersall, Curator Emeritus, American Museum of Natural History, and author of The Strange Case of the Rickety Cossack
For centuries scientists have written off cannibalism as a bizarre phenomenon with little biological significance. Its presence in nature was dismissed as a desperate response to starvation or other life-threatening circumstances, and few spent time studying it. A taboo subject in our culture, the behavior was portrayed mostly through horror movies or tabloids sensationalizing the crimes of real-life flesh-eaters. But the true nature of cannibalism--the role it plays in evolution as well as human history--is even more intriguing (and more normal) than the misconceptions we’ve come to accept as fact.
In Cannibalism: A Perfectly Natural History,zoologist Bill Schutt sets the record straight, debunking common myths and investigating our new understanding of cannibalism’s role in biology, anthropology, and history in the most fascinating account yet written on this complex topic. Schutt takes readers from Arizona’s Chiricahua Mountains, where he wades through ponds full of tadpoles devouring their siblings, to the Sierra Nevadas, where he joins researchers who are shedding new light on what happened to the Donner Party--the most infamous episode of cannibalism in American history. He even meets with an expert on the preparation and consumption of human placenta (and, yes, it goes well with Chianti).
Bringing together the latest cutting-edge science, Schutt answers questions such as why some amphibians consume their mother’s skin; why certain insects bite the heads off their partners after sex; why, up until the end of the twentieth century, Europeans regularly ate human body parts as medical curatives; and how cannibalism might be linked to the extinction of the Neanderthals. He takes us into the future as well, investigating whether, as climate change causes famine, disease, and overcrowding, we may see more outbreaks of cannibalism in many more species--including our own.
Cannibalism places a perfectly natural occurrence into a vital new context and invites us to explore why it both enthralls and repels us.

At some point in the course of evolution--from a primeval social organization of early hominids--all human societies, past and present, would emerge. In this account of the dawn of human society, Bernard Chapais shows that our knowledge about kinship and society in nonhuman primates supports, and informs, ideas first put forward by the distinguished social anthropologist, Claude Levi-Strauss. Chapais contends that only a few evolutionary steps were required to bridge the gap between the kinship structures of our closest relatives--chimpanzees and bonobos--and the human kinship configuration. The pivotal event, the author proposes, was the evolution of sexual alliances. Pair-bonding transformed a social organization loosely based on kinship into one exhibiting the strong hold of kinship and affinity. The implication is that the gap between chimpanzee societies and pre-linguistic hominid societies is narrower than we might think. Many books on kinship have been written by social anthropologists, but "Primeval Kinship" is the first book dedicated to the evolutionary origins of human kinship. And perhaps equally important, it is the first book to suggest that the study of kinship and social organization can provide a link between social and biological anthropology.

《世界宗教简史(注释插图版)》内容简介：宗教信仰萌生于何时？其萌生的景况如何？宗教信仰的初始情势及其演化状况如何？宗教礼仪的形成和演化状况怎样？宗教职业者（巫师、萨满、祭司等）集团是如何分离出来的？教会团体又是如何产生的宁您会在《世界宗教简史(注释插图版)》中找到答案。
《世界宗教简史(注释插图版)》对宗教演化与人类历史发展的关联作了深入的解读，是一本难得的了解世界各民族宗教的教科书。自问世以采，《世界宗教简史》已被翻译成西班牙文、匈牙利文、德文、罗马尼亚文、斯洛文尼亚文等欧洲文字。

A Global History of Indigenous Peoples examines the history of the indigenous/tribal peoples of the world. The work spans the period from the pivotal migrations which saw the peopling of the world, examines the processes by which tribal peoples established themselves as separate from surplus-based and more material societies, and considers the impact of the policies of domination and colonization which brought dramatic change to indigenous cultures. The book covers both tribal societies affected by the expansion of European empires and those indigenous cultures influenced by the economic and military expansion of non-European powers.

By combining an original thesis and a representative body of ethnographic data, this ambitious work seeks to describe and explain the growth in complexity of human societies. Its emphasis is on the causes, mechanisms, and patterns of cultural evolution, which the authors explain in terms of a coherent theory of political economy--defined as the mobilization and exchange of goods and services between families. The authors show that the interconnected processes of technological change and population growth are the motor of social change, resulting in three related processes--intensification, integration, and stratification--that transform human societies over time. The validity of their theory rests on evidence drawn from 19 case studies that range widely over time and space. For this new edition, the authors have thoroughly rewritten the theoretical argument for greater clarity, updated the case materials to incorporate new research, and added a new chapter that applies their theoretical perspective to the problems of change since the industrial revolution and the globalization of trade and political influence. "Reviews of the First Edition" "In a book full of perceptive observations and persuasive arguments . . . Johnson and Earle show in masterly detail how societies articulate to their environments and . . . how they evolve." --"Ethnohistory" "A major contribution. . . . The book is a marvelous synthesis of ethnographic and historical data." --"American Journal of Sociology" "A large amount of research and thought has produced sensible and illuminating specific analyses of the mechanisms of evolutionary change. Another plus is that the writing is clear and the argument is neatly conceived." --"American Anthropologist"

《波斯帝国史》论述的是伊朗民族的起源和波斯帝国兴衰的历史。波斯文原著书名为《伊朗民族史》。我们中国读者比较熟悉波斯帝国，因此汉译本用此名。
此书作者是伊朗著名文史学家德黑兰大学教授阿卜杜勒·侯赛因·扎林库伯（殁于2005年）。
伊朗是文明古国，其古代史学蜚声世界。本书就其内容和价值可称为继承古代史学传统力作。
作者在序言中说明他的写作目的。要写一部摆脱西方史学偏见的伊朗民族史。通读全书可以看出，作者出色地完成了这个任务。
本书材料丰富充实，立论中肯恰当，行文流畅自然，而且带有文学色彩。作者除叙述朝代更迭人事变迁外，更把笔触深入到文明领域。论述时代思潮发展，宗教文化冲突和各民族文明思想的交汇与融合上。写一部处于东西方文明交汇点的伊朗史对其宗教和文明的阐述是不能或缺的。
一般波斯帝国史著作对伊朗古代三大王朝中的阿契美尼德王朝和萨珊王朝叙述得比较详细，而对历时近500年的帕提亚王朝的论述则语焉不详。其中固然有资料不足的原因，但也反映作者们对这一承上启下的大王朝重视不够，没有充分进行深入研究和论述。本书作者扎林库伯教授则不同，他利用希腊、罗马、阿拉伯，甚至中国史料，在历代考古发掘的基础上，以全书六分之一的篇幅，对帕提亚王朝进行了全面详尽的论述。其中有关经济、文化和宗教方面的论述尤为深刻精辟。他充分肯定这一王朝在维护贯通东西的“丝绸之路”上的功绩。而中伊两国正是在帕提亚王朝时代建交的。本书中有关帕提亚王朝的论述无疑是对伊朗史写作的一个突出的贡献。另外，对萨珊王朝灭亡后的希腊人王朝赛琉古王朝的状况也有十分详尽的论述，这也是此书的特点之一。 中伊两国在历史上曾经有过紧密联系和频繁交往。两国通过海陆丝绸之路建立密切的友好关系。由于西方列强的殖民政策，近世两国间的联系远逊于古代。几十年来这种联系虽有长足发展，但仍未达到历史上的高度。彼此间的了解仍迫切有待加强。因此全面介绍伊朗古代历史的著作就显得十分必要。
本书是作者送给译者的礼物。1986—1987年，译者在德黑兰大学访学期间，拜见过扎林库伯博士。这位德高望重的文史学家温文尔雅，亲切热情。告辞时他把此书送给译者。
多年来译者凡遇到伊朗文史方面问题，翻阅此书，总能找到相关答案和有益的启发。于是产生译出这一力作的想法，奉献给中国读者。相信此书不仅对非专业读者扩展知识有所裨益，就是对相关的学者的研究工作，也会有一定的参考价值。
衷心感谢尊敬的扎林库伯夫人，卡玛尔·阿里扬博士（Dr.Ghamar Aryan）授予此书汉语译文的出版权。感谢作者的伊朗朋友阿里·穆罕默德·萨贝基博士（Dr.Ali Mohammad Sabeighi）。他在此书翻译过程中，热情鼓励译者，这次他又从中联系授权事宜。反映他促进传统的中伊友谊和推动中伊文化交流的善良愿望。
本书于2011年在上海曾印行一次。感谢读者提出批评，指出一些译名错误。又由于作者坚持只用波斯文拼写希腊罗马人的名字，不加拉丁注音，致使有些人名的汉译不规范，现已相应进行修改。书中仍有不足之处，诚望读者指教。
2013年5月于北京大学

講談社創業１００周年企画として２００４年～０５年に出版された全集「中国の歴史・全１２巻」の学術文庫版が、いよいよ刊行開始。本全集は、２０１４年には中国で、２０１６年からは台湾で翻訳出版され、そのレベルの高さと視点の新しさから累計で１５０万部を超えるベストセラーになっている。<br />待望の文庫化、第１回配本は、第１巻と第２巻の同時配本。第１巻では、長年、中国での遺跡発掘を手掛けてきた著者が、「三皇五帝」や「盤古伝説」などで知られる中国の神話の表す史実を探り、「夏王朝」「殷王朝」の謎に迫る。<br />中国の古代文明といえば、かつては「黄河文明」を指したが、現在では、長江流域をはじめ、各地の多様な自然環境から展開した多元的な古代文明と理解されている。現在の中国のさまざまな地域社会や風土を考える際にも、こうした先史時代から続く地域文化の脈絡を無視できないのである。約１万年前の新石器時代、南北の文化地帯の周縁でアワ・キビ農耕や稲作農耕が生まれ、そこから牧畜型農耕社会と遊牧社会が分離し、さらにその周辺には狩猟採集民が存在した。こうした基本的生活様式が誕生した中から、いかにして初期国家が生まれたのか。最古の王朝とされる夏王朝と二里頭文化の関係とは――。<br />文庫化にあたり、原本刊行後の重要な遺跡と発掘成果を大幅に加筆。〔原本：2005年、講談社刊〕

This excellent introductory textbook describes and explains the origins of modern culture– the dawn of agriculture in the Neolithic area. Written in an easy-to-read style, this lively and engaging book familiarises the reader with essential archaeological and genetic terms and concepts, explores the latest evidence from scientific analyses as varied as deep sea coring, pollen identification, radiometric dating and DNA research, condensing them into an up-to-date academic account, specifically written to be clear even the novice reader. Focusing primarily on sites in southwest Asia, Neolithic addresses questions such as: Which plants and animals were the first to be domesticated, and how? How did life change when people began farming? What were the first villages like? What do we know about the social, political and religious life of these newly founded societies? What happened to human health as a result of the Neolithic Revolution? Lavishly illustrated with almost a hundred images, this enjoyable book is an ideal introduction both for students of archaeology and for general readers interested in our past.

编写《南传佛教史》，是我十年来要实现的心愿。不过这是一件不容易做的工作，因为南传佛教史所涉及的范围很广，须具备多种语文，非有鸿博的学识，不足胜任。我在这方面的能力，确实是自感不足的；尤其是南传佛教各国佛教史，资料来源有限，或者暗昧不明，更增加很多困难。但因感于我国佛教徒，对于南传佛教教理的研究，历史的发展，以及现在实际的情况，认识较少，同时也缺乏专书文献的论著。所以十多年来，我一方面读书，忙于自己的功课一方面留心收集各种资料，断断续续的编写这本书，直至现在才完成。这是我个人尝试研究的一种心得，提供我国一般佛教徒参考，算不上是一本够学术水准的专著。如果有任何价值可言的话，应该归功于以前各国学者对这方面研究的成果。
佛教发源于印度，后来向外国传播扩展，分两大主流：向北方流传的，经过中亚细亚传到中国内地及西藏，再传到韩国、日本、越南等地，属于北传大乘佛教；向南方流传的，传到斯里兰卡，然后再传到东南亚的缅甸、泰国、柬埔寨、老挝等地，属于南传上座部佛教。所谓南传佛教，是指后者这五个国家中，主要以盛行斯里兰卡大寺派为传承的上座部佛教而言。但是从历史上考察，斯里兰卡的大寺派，是出于上座部分别说系的铜牒部(印度佛教称传入斯里兰卡的佛教为铜牒部)；以后又从斯里兰卡传入东南亚一些国家中。不过他们长久以来自称是正统的上座部佛教，这种推崇自的宗派，佛教史上不乏其例，也有它一定的意义。早期的南传佛教国家中，并不完全是纯粹流行上座部佛教，而是还有其他的部派这包括不同的小乘佛教部派、大乘佛教、密宗等。甚至还涉及婆罗门教(公元五世纪后叶形成为印度教)、伊斯兰教、基督教、土著宗教，也在这些国家中交替兴衰存在过。
公元前247年顷，摩哂陀长老往斯里兰卡传教，佛教发展很迅速，经过二百年，以大寺为统一教团中心。至公元前29—17年，教团分裂为大寺派与无畏山寺派，这两派佛教形成对抗，历时有十世纪之久。大寺派坚持保守上座部佛教传统精神；而无畏山寺派采取开放的态度，与印度各派佛教进行交流，更容纳大乘佛教。至公元四世纪初，从无畏山寺派之中又再分裂一派为海部，自此三派鼎立，而无畏山寺派最盛，住五千僧，大寺派住三千僧。公元430年顷，觉音论师在斯里兰卡大寺注释三藏完成，奠定了大寺派复兴和教学的基础，影响深远，而形成日后及今日流传的南传佛教。
佛教传入东南亚，最早的说法，始于阿育王时派遣传教师须那与郁多罗二位长老往金地弘法。但金地方位不能确定，也未发现任何确证遗物，有人认为金地是泛指下缅甸以迄马来亚一带。据学者考证，印度人在公元前四、五百年，已向东南亚的印尼、马来亚、缅甸等地经商。至公元初，印度移民开始大规模涌入东南亚从事经商活动，同时带来了宗教文化，也因而便建立了一些印度化国家。宗教文化的传入，先是婆罗门教，其次是佛教。

What was sex like in China, from imperial times through the post-Mao era? The answer depends, of course, on who was having sex, where they were located in time and place, and what kind of familial, social, and political structures they participated in. This collection offers a variety of perspectives by addressing diverse topics such as polygamy, pornography, free love, eugenics, sexology, crimes of passion, homosexuality, intersexuality, transsexuality, masculine anxiety, sex work, and HIV/AIDS. Following a loose chronological sequence, the chapters examine revealing historical moments in which human desire and power dynamics came into play. Collectively, the contributors undertake a necessary historiographic intervention by reconsidering Western categorizations and exploring Chinese understandings of sexuality and erotic orientation.

《中国性史图鉴》是中国文化史上有代表性的一部书。它以清晰缜密的理论脉络为线索，将大量长期秘不示人的彩色图片贯穿起来，揭开了五千年来中国性文化的神秘帷幕，使之重见天日。
它的主要特点是：
1．内容广瀚，共有十余万阐释说明文字和600多幅彩色图片，其内容的时间跨度约有6000年（截止到20世纪初）。
2．这是世界上第一本通过古代陶器、石器、玉器、木雕、刺绣、春宫图、岩画、山水画等全面阐述中国古代性文化的大型典籍，具有很高的收藏价值。
3．其中有许多实物图片为第一次公开（如两千多年前的性工具），有些实物图片为第一次点明它的含义（如笏和如意由男性生殖器演变而来，古代妓院中使用的“代价券”等），有些图片已成“孤本”、“绝本”。
4．理论构架完整，具有权威性。本书十余万字的阐释与说明，体现了作者长期潜心研究的独到成果，旁征博引，立论公允，清新耐读，使人们对这600幅图片的理解更为深刻，所以它也有相当的学术价值。

Winner of the Pulitzer Prize • New York Times Bestseller • Over Two Million Copies Sold
“One of the most significant projects embarked upon by any intellectual of our generation” (Gregg Easterbrook, New York Times), Guns, Germs, and Steel presents a groundbreaking, unified narrative of human history.
Why did Eurasians conquer, displace, or decimate Native Americans, Australians, and Africans, instead of the reverse? In this “artful, informative, and delightful” (William H. McNeill, New York Review of Books) book, a classic of our time, evolutionary biologist Jared Diamond dismantles racist theories of human history by revealing the environmental factors actually responsible for its broadest patterns.
The story begins 13,000 years ago, when Stone Age hunter-gatherers constituted the entire human population. Around that time, the developmental paths of human societies on different continents began to diverge greatly. Early domestication of wild plants and animals in the Fertile Crescent, China, Mesoamerica, the Andes, and other areas gave peoples of those regions a head start at a new way of life. But the localized origins of farming and herding proved to be only part of the explanation for their differing fates. The unequal rates at which food production spread from those initial centers were influenced by other features of climate and geography, including the disparate sizes, locations, and even shapes of the continents. Only societies that moved away from the hunter-gatherer stage went on to develop writing, technology, government, and organized religions as well as deadly germs and potent weapons of war. It was those societies, adventuring on sea and land, that invaded others, decimating native inhabitants through slaughter and the spread of disease.
A major landmark in our understanding of human societies, Guns, Germs, and Steel chronicles the way in which the modern world, and its inequalities, came to be.
Review
"Artful, informative, and delightful.... There is nothing like a radically new angle of vision for bringing out unsuspected dimensions of a subject, and that is what Jared Diamond has done."
― William H. McNeil, New York Review of Books
"An ambitious, highly important book."
― James Shreeve, New York Times Book Review
"A book of remarkable scope, a history of the world in less than 500 pages which succeeds admirably, where so many others have failed, in analyzing some of the basic workings of culture process.... One of the most important and readable works on the human past published in recent years."
― Colin Renfrew, Nature
"The scope and the explanatory power of this book are astounding."
― The New Yorker
"No scientist brings more experience from the laboratory and field, none thinks more deeply about social issues or addresses them with greater clarity, than Jared Diamond as illustrated by Guns, Germs, and Steel. In this remarkably readable book he shows how history and biology can enrich one another to produce a deeper understanding of the human condition."
― Edward O. Wilson, Pellegrino University Professor, Harvard University
"Serious, groundbreaking biological studies of human history only seem to come along once every generation or so. . . . Now [Guns, Germs, and Steel] must be added to their select number. . . . Diamond meshes technological mastery with historical sweep, anecdotal delight with broad conceptual vision, and command of sources with creative leaps. No finer work of its kind has been published this year, or for many past."
― Martin Sieff, Washington Times
"[Diamond] is broadly erudite, writes in a style that pleasantly expresses scientific concepts in vernacular American English, and deals almost exclusively in questions that should interest everyone concerned about how humanity has developed. . . . [He] has done us all a great favor by supplying a rock-solid alternative to the racist answer. . . . A wonderfully interesting book."
― Alfred W. Crosby, Los Angeles Times
"An epochal work. Diamond has written a summary of human history that can be accounted, for the time being, as Darwinian in its authority."
― Thomas M. Disch, The New Leader