物理
不可逆过程的广义热力学动态优化 豆瓣
作者:
陈林根//夏少军
出版社:
科学
2017
- 6
万物与虚无 (2011) 豆瓣
Everything and Nothing
其它标题:
Everything and Nothing
Two-part documentary which deals with two of the deepest questions there are - what is everything, and what is nothing?
In two epic, surreal and mind-expanding films, Professor Jim Al-Khalili searches for an answer to these questions as he explores the true size and shape of the universe and delves into the amazing science behind apparent nothingness.
The first part, Everything, sees Professor Al-Khalili set out to discover what the universe might actually look like. The journey takes him from the distant past to the boundaries of the known universe. Along the way he charts the remarkable stories of the men and women who discovered the truth about the cosmos and investigates how our understanding of space has been shaped by both mathematics and astronomy.
The second part, Nothing, explores science at the very limits of human perception, where we now understand the deepest mysteries of the universe lie. Jim sets out to answer one very simple question - what is nothing? His journey ends with perhaps the most profound insight about reality that humanity has ever made. Everything came from nothing. The quantum world of the super-small shaped the vast universe we inhabit today, and Jim can prove it.
In two epic, surreal and mind-expanding films, Professor Jim Al-Khalili searches for an answer to these questions as he explores the true size and shape of the universe and delves into the amazing science behind apparent nothingness.
The first part, Everything, sees Professor Al-Khalili set out to discover what the universe might actually look like. The journey takes him from the distant past to the boundaries of the known universe. Along the way he charts the remarkable stories of the men and women who discovered the truth about the cosmos and investigates how our understanding of space has been shaped by both mathematics and astronomy.
The second part, Nothing, explores science at the very limits of human perception, where we now understand the deepest mysteries of the universe lie. Jim sets out to answer one very simple question - what is nothing? His journey ends with perhaps the most profound insight about reality that humanity has ever made. Everything came from nothing. The quantum world of the super-small shaped the vast universe we inhabit today, and Jim can prove it.
QED:光和物质的奇异性 豆瓣
作者:
[美国] 理查德·费曼
译者:
张钟静
出版社:
商务印书馆
1994
商务新知译丛
根据费曼在UCLA主持的量子电动力学(quantum electro-dynamics)讲座时的记录整理而成。包括:
1. 引言 -- 1
2. 光子: 光的粒子 -- 39
3. 电子和它们的相互作用 -- 85
4. 松散的结尾 -- 139
本讲座对理解费曼发展的量子力学路径积分方法有帮助.
根据费曼在UCLA主持的量子电动力学(quantum electro-dynamics)讲座时的记录整理而成。包括:
1. 引言 -- 1
2. 光子: 光的粒子 -- 39
3. 电子和它们的相互作用 -- 85
4. 松散的结尾 -- 139
本讲座对理解费曼发展的量子力学路径积分方法有帮助.
General Relativity 豆瓣
作者:
Robert M. Wald
出版社:
University of Chicago Press
1984
- 6
Product Description
"Wald's book is clearly the first textbook on general relativity with a totally modern point of view; and it succeeds very well where others are only partially successful. The book includes full discussions of many problems of current interest which are not treated in any extant book, and all these matters are considered with perception and understanding."—S. Chandrasekhar
"A tour de force: lucid, straightforward, mathematically rigorous, exacting in the analysis of the theory in its physical aspect."—L. P. Hughston, Times Higher Education Supplement
"Truly excellent. . . . A sophisticated text of manageable size that will probably be read by every student of relativity, astrophysics, and field theory for years to come."—James W. York, Physics Today
"Wald's book is clearly the first textbook on general relativity with a totally modern point of view; and it succeeds very well where others are only partially successful. The book includes full discussions of many problems of current interest which are not treated in any extant book, and all these matters are considered with perception and understanding."—S. Chandrasekhar
"A tour de force: lucid, straightforward, mathematically rigorous, exacting in the analysis of the theory in its physical aspect."—L. P. Hughston, Times Higher Education Supplement
"Truly excellent. . . . A sophisticated text of manageable size that will probably be read by every student of relativity, astrophysics, and field theory for years to come."—James W. York, Physics Today
True Genius 豆瓣
作者:
Lillian Hoddeson
/
Vicki Daitch
出版社:
Joseph Henry Press
2005
- 5
John Bardeen was an unassuming man, a humble, soft-spoken Midwesterner whose life was filled with simple pastimes like a Sunday picnic with the family or a good game of golf. He was also a giant of modern physics, an extraordinary hero of twentieth century science. His seminal work earned him the distinction of being the only person ever to win two Nobel Prizes in physics -- both awarded for discoveries that were breathtaking in scope and responsible for advancing the course of human history.
Bardeen ranks among the most imaginative and inspired scientists of our time. But his genius was quiet and unobtrusive, hidden behind the façade of an average man, which perhaps why we know so little about him. As exuberantly talented as Albert Einstein, Bardeen had no desire to mug for the cameras or prove himself eccentric. Easily equal to the intellect of Richard Feynman, Bardeen was simply not irreverent and offbeat. As eccentricity and outsize personalities have come to symbolize the true nature of genius and creativity, Bardeen remains cloaked in obscurity.
Without Bardeen's first Nobel Prize-winning discovery -- the transistor -- the electronics revolution, which brought us desktop computers, supercomputers, and microelectronics, would still be the stuff of science fiction. His second great breakthrough -- the prevailing theory of electrical superconductivity which for years had stumped Einstein, Feynman, and many others -- promises to revolutionize twenty-first century technology with super-fast "mag-lev trains," supercolliding atom smashers, and other fantastic technological wonders.
Yet despite these achievements, this astonishing, though decidedly modest, Midwesterner was often overlooked by both the media as well as the public, simply because he differed radically from the popular stereotype of genius. Through an exploration of his science as well as his life, a fresh and thoroughly engaging portrait of genius and the nature of creativity emerges. This fascinating biography provides a whole new perspective on what it truly means to be a genius.
Bardeen ranks among the most imaginative and inspired scientists of our time. But his genius was quiet and unobtrusive, hidden behind the façade of an average man, which perhaps why we know so little about him. As exuberantly talented as Albert Einstein, Bardeen had no desire to mug for the cameras or prove himself eccentric. Easily equal to the intellect of Richard Feynman, Bardeen was simply not irreverent and offbeat. As eccentricity and outsize personalities have come to symbolize the true nature of genius and creativity, Bardeen remains cloaked in obscurity.
Without Bardeen's first Nobel Prize-winning discovery -- the transistor -- the electronics revolution, which brought us desktop computers, supercomputers, and microelectronics, would still be the stuff of science fiction. His second great breakthrough -- the prevailing theory of electrical superconductivity which for years had stumped Einstein, Feynman, and many others -- promises to revolutionize twenty-first century technology with super-fast "mag-lev trains," supercolliding atom smashers, and other fantastic technological wonders.
Yet despite these achievements, this astonishing, though decidedly modest, Midwesterner was often overlooked by both the media as well as the public, simply because he differed radically from the popular stereotype of genius. Through an exploration of his science as well as his life, a fresh and thoroughly engaging portrait of genius and the nature of creativity emerges. This fascinating biography provides a whole new perspective on what it truly means to be a genius.
旷世奇才 豆瓣
作者:
莉莲·霍德森
出版社:
上海科技教育出版社
2010
- 7
约翰·巴丁(John Bardeen.1908~1991),一个现代物理学的巨人,20世纪物理史上杰出的英雄。他所从事的创造性工作,使他成为唯一一位两度获得诺贝尔物理学奖的科学家。
如果没有巴丁获得第一次诺贝尔奖的发明——晶体管,那么给我们带来台式电脑、巨型计算机和微电子的电子革命或许至今还只是科幻小说的素材;他的第二个伟大突破——多年以来一直让爱因斯坦、费恩曼和许多科学家感到困惑的超导理论,有望革新20世纪的科技,如高速磁浮
列车、超级原子对撞机以及其他非凡的科技奇迹。
巴丁取得了巨大的成就,跟爱因斯坦、费恩曼等一样对我们的文明产生了深远影响,但这个来自美国中西部、态度谦和的人却常常被媒体和公众所忽视,只因他与公众眼中的天才形象截然不同。他不喜欢上镜,没有古怪无礼或与众不同的性格。在这个古怪和出格的个性被看作是天才和创造力特征的时代,巴丁默默无闻。
本书通过对巴丁的科研工作以及生活经历的全面考察,以全新的视角,为我们展示了一个鲜活而充满魅力的旷世奇才的形象。
如果没有巴丁获得第一次诺贝尔奖的发明——晶体管,那么给我们带来台式电脑、巨型计算机和微电子的电子革命或许至今还只是科幻小说的素材;他的第二个伟大突破——多年以来一直让爱因斯坦、费恩曼和许多科学家感到困惑的超导理论,有望革新20世纪的科技,如高速磁浮
列车、超级原子对撞机以及其他非凡的科技奇迹。
巴丁取得了巨大的成就,跟爱因斯坦、费恩曼等一样对我们的文明产生了深远影响,但这个来自美国中西部、态度谦和的人却常常被媒体和公众所忽视,只因他与公众眼中的天才形象截然不同。他不喜欢上镜,没有古怪无礼或与众不同的性格。在这个古怪和出格的个性被看作是天才和创造力特征的时代,巴丁默默无闻。
本书通过对巴丁的科研工作以及生活经历的全面考察,以全新的视角,为我们展示了一个鲜活而充满魅力的旷世奇才的形象。
表面、界面和膜的统计热力学 豆瓣
作者:
赛峰 (Samuel A.Safran)
译者:
张海燕
出版社:
高等教育出版社
2012
- 3
表面、界面和膜的统计热力学,ISBN:9787040343472,作者:(以色列)赛峰 著,张海燕 译
热力学、气体运动论及统计力学 豆瓣
作者:
吴大猷
出版社:
科学出版社
1983
- 8
《理论物理(第5册):热力学、气体运动论及统计力学》为著名物理学家吴大猷先生的著述《理论物理》(共七册)的第五册。《理论物理》是作者根据长期所从事的教学实践编写的一部比较系统全面的大学物理学教材。本册包括热力学、气体运动论及统计力学三部分,用宏观的和微观的观点,研究物理体系宏观系统的性质。本册共分21章:第1~6章为热力学部分;第7~14章为气体运动论部分;第15~21章为统计力学部分。在多数章末还附有习题供读者研讨和学习。
《理论物理(第5册):热力学、气体运动论及统计力学》根据中国台湾联经出版事业公司的原书翻印出版,作者对原书作了部分更正,李政道教授为《理论物理(第5册):热力学、气体运动论及统计力学》的出版写了序言,我们对原书中一些印刷错误也作了订正。
《理论物理(第5册):热力学、气体运动论及统计力学》可供高等院校物理系师生教学参考,也可供研究生阅读。
《理论物理(第5册):热力学、气体运动论及统计力学》根据中国台湾联经出版事业公司的原书翻印出版,作者对原书作了部分更正,李政道教授为《理论物理(第5册):热力学、气体运动论及统计力学》的出版写了序言,我们对原书中一些印刷错误也作了订正。
《理论物理(第5册):热力学、气体运动论及统计力学》可供高等院校物理系师生教学参考,也可供研究生阅读。
统计热力学(第三版) 豆瓣
作者:
梁希侠,班士良
出版社:
科学出版社有限责任公司
2016
- 8
改变世界的方程 豆瓣
作者:
[德]哈拉尔德·弗里奇
译者:
邢志忠
/
江向东
…
出版社:
上海科教出版社
2011
- 8
一个简单的数学方程果真能够改变世界吗?它究竟隐含着如何深邃的物理意义?作者以简明清新、通俗易懂的文笔讲述了狭义相对论的基本思想,其中著名的质能方程E=mc2在人们认识自然界的物质结构和性质之中扮演了核心的角色。原子弹爆炸的巨大能量来源正是基于这个方程所描述的物理原理,因此后者通过前者而改变了整个世界。 本书的主要内容是以虚拟的三人讨论的形式来表述的,参与者包括艾萨克·牛顿、阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦和一位虚构的名叫阿德里安·哈勒尔的理论物理学教授。他们代表了物理学发展的三个不同时代。通过三人之间生动活泼的对话,读者可以切身领会相对论的时空观,比如光速不变性原理、时间延缓和空间收缩。而质能关系的出现则加深了我们对物质世界的理解:核裂变、核聚变、粒子与反粒子的产生和湮没等等不可思议的现象都是物质和能量之间相互转化的例证。
最佳可能的世界 豆瓣
The Best of All Possible Worlds
作者:
[法] Ivar Ekeland
译者:
冯国苹
/
张端智
…
出版社:
科学出版社
2012
- 6
乐观主义者认为当今世界是较佳可能的世界,悲观主义者却认为未必尽然。但什么是较佳可能的世界呢?我们怎样定义它呢?是那个以最有效的方式运转的世界吗?还是那个生活于其中的大多数人感到舒适和满足的世界?在17世纪和18世纪之间的某个时间,科学家们感到他们可以回答这个问题了。
这本书就是关于他们的故事。伊瓦尔·埃克朗带领读者踏上了一个用科学方法展望很好可能世界的旅程。他从法国数学家莫培督开始,莫培督的最小作用量原理断言自然界中的万物以需要最小作用量的方式发生。埃克朗说明这一思想是科学上的一个关键突破,因为这是对优化概念或最有效和最起作用系统的设计的第1次表述,尽管后来最小作用量原理被细化并作了很大修改,但是从中产生的优化概念几乎触及到今天的每一门科学学科。
沿着优化的深刻影响以及它影响数学、生物学、经济学甚至政治学研究的出入意料的方式,埃克朗从头到尾展示了优化思想是如何推动我们较大的智力突破的。其结果是一个迷人的故事——一个科普爱好者和科学史学家必不可少的读物。
这本书就是关于他们的故事。伊瓦尔·埃克朗带领读者踏上了一个用科学方法展望很好可能世界的旅程。他从法国数学家莫培督开始,莫培督的最小作用量原理断言自然界中的万物以需要最小作用量的方式发生。埃克朗说明这一思想是科学上的一个关键突破,因为这是对优化概念或最有效和最起作用系统的设计的第1次表述,尽管后来最小作用量原理被细化并作了很大修改,但是从中产生的优化概念几乎触及到今天的每一门科学学科。
沿着优化的深刻影响以及它影响数学、生物学、经济学甚至政治学研究的出入意料的方式,埃克朗从头到尾展示了优化思想是如何推动我们较大的智力突破的。其结果是一个迷人的故事——一个科普爱好者和科学史学家必不可少的读物。
艺术与物理学 豆瓣
作者:
(美)史莱因
译者:
吴伯泽
/
暴永宁
出版社:
吉林人民出版社
2001
- 9
艺术阐释视觉的世界,物理学描述其不可见的作品,这种区别使得两个领域看上去似乎完全是对立的。但在《艺术与物理学》一书中,史莱因通过历史面面俱到地追溯了艺术与物理学的背景,提示了在各种想象力中惊人的相关性。
从古希腊的雕塑家到瓦霍耳和姜斯,从亚里士多德到爱因斯坦,艺术家们预见到了科学家们的发现,例如莫奈和塞尚就由直觉知道了将由爱因斯坦在物理学中引发的剧变。在其生动多彩的叙述中,史莱因探索了在整个历史中如此众多的场合,艺术的突破怎样地预示了物理学家们富于想象的洞见。
《艺术与物理学》一书既令人激动,又富于创新,是艺术的浪漫与科学的剧作之天衣无缝的结合,是一部令人愉悦的思想史。
从古希腊的雕塑家到瓦霍耳和姜斯,从亚里士多德到爱因斯坦,艺术家们预见到了科学家们的发现,例如莫奈和塞尚就由直觉知道了将由爱因斯坦在物理学中引发的剧变。在其生动多彩的叙述中,史莱因探索了在整个历史中如此众多的场合,艺术的突破怎样地预示了物理学家们富于想象的洞见。
《艺术与物理学》一书既令人激动,又富于创新,是艺术的浪漫与科学的剧作之天衣无缝的结合,是一部令人愉悦的思想史。
统计物理学 Ⅱ(凝聚态理论) 豆瓣
作者:
E. M. 栗弗席兹
/
л. п. 皮塔耶夫斯基
译者:
王锡绂
出版社:
高等教育出版社
2008
- 7
《统计物理学2:凝聚态理论(第4版)》是一部享誉世界的理论物理学巨著,是反映经典物理学向现代物理学转变的里程碑式的重要著作,于1962年获得列宁奖。原著为俄文,现已有十余种文字的分卷译本,六种文字的全卷译本。本教程中的七卷是由诺贝尔物理学奖获得者、苏联科学院院士、伟大的理论物理学家朗道和他的学生、苏联科学院院士、杰出的理论物理学家E.M.栗弗席兹在20世纪40—50年代陆续编写而成的,另外三卷由栗弗席兹和俄罗斯科学院院士皮塔耶夫斯基等人按朗道的计划在20世纪60—70年代编写完成,后经不断补充完善,现已成为举世公认的经典学术著作。本套教程内容丰富、立论明确、论证严谨、物理图像清晰,涵盖了理论物理学从微观到宏观的各个领域,各卷中附有丰富的习题及解答,是学习理论物理学的必备参考书。
Astrophysics for People in a Hurry 豆瓣 Goodreads
Astrophysics for People in a Hurry
The essential universe, from our most celebrated and beloved astrophysicist.
What is the nature of space and time? How do we fit within the universe? How does the universe fit within us? There’s no better guide through these mind-expanding questions than acclaimed astrophysicist and best-selling author Neil deGrasse Tyson.
But today, few of us have time to contemplate the cosmos. So Tyson brings the universe down to Earth succinctly and clearly, with sparkling wit, in tasty chapters consumable anytime and anywhere in your busy day.
While you wait for your morning coffee to brew, for the bus, the train, or a plane to arrive, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry will reveal just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics, and from the search for planets to the search for life in the universe.
What is the nature of space and time? How do we fit within the universe? How does the universe fit within us? There’s no better guide through these mind-expanding questions than acclaimed astrophysicist and best-selling author Neil deGrasse Tyson.
But today, few of us have time to contemplate the cosmos. So Tyson brings the universe down to Earth succinctly and clearly, with sparkling wit, in tasty chapters consumable anytime and anywhere in your busy day.
While you wait for your morning coffee to brew, for the bus, the train, or a plane to arrive, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry will reveal just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics, and from the search for planets to the search for life in the universe.
数字文明 豆瓣
作者:
郝柏林/张淑誉
出版社:
科学出版社
2005
- 7
《物理改变世界:数字文明物理学和计算机》从数字文明的高度回顾了物理学与计算机相辅相成的历史,讨论了计算机和计算中的物理,分析了计算机发展所面临的物理限制和物理学为未来计算技术所提供的可能前景。电子计算机的发展使人类进入了数字文明时代。计算机原来应物理学的需求而出现,也由物理学准备了它诞生的物质条件。在20世纪,物理学首先成为立足于实验、理论和计算三大支柱之上的成熟的科学。在21世纪,包括生命科学在内的整个自然科学正在沿相似的道路前进。电子计算机正在全面进入生产技术、科学研究和社会生活的各个领域,彻底改变着整个人类文明的进程。
The Big Picture: On the Origins of Life, Meaning, and the Universe Itself 豆瓣 Goodreads
Already internationally acclaimed for his elegant, lucid writing on the most challenging notions in modern physics, Sean Carroll is emerging as one of the greatest humanist thinkers of his generation as he brings his extraordinary intellect to bear not only on Higgs bosons and extra dimensions but now also on our deepest personal questions. Where are we? Who are we? Are our emotions, our beliefs, and our hopes and dreams ultimately meaningless out there in the void? Does human purpose and meaning fit into a scientific worldview?
In short chapters filled with intriguing historical anecdotes, personal asides, and rigorous exposition, readers learn the difference between how the world works at the quantum level, the cosmic level, and the human level--and then how each connects to the other. Carroll's presentation of the principles that have guided the scientific revolution from Darwin and Einstein to the origins of life, consciousness, and the universe is dazzlingly unique.
Carroll shows how an avalanche of discoveries in the past few hundred years has changed our world and what really matters to us. Our lives are dwarfed like never before by the immensity of space and time, but they are redeemed by our capacity to comprehend it and give it meaning.
The Big Picture is an unprecedented scientific worldview, a tour de force that will sit on shelves alongside the works of Stephen Hawking, Carl Sagan, Daniel Dennett, and E. O. Wilson for years to come.
In short chapters filled with intriguing historical anecdotes, personal asides, and rigorous exposition, readers learn the difference between how the world works at the quantum level, the cosmic level, and the human level--and then how each connects to the other. Carroll's presentation of the principles that have guided the scientific revolution from Darwin and Einstein to the origins of life, consciousness, and the universe is dazzlingly unique.
Carroll shows how an avalanche of discoveries in the past few hundred years has changed our world and what really matters to us. Our lives are dwarfed like never before by the immensity of space and time, but they are redeemed by our capacity to comprehend it and give it meaning.
The Big Picture is an unprecedented scientific worldview, a tour de force that will sit on shelves alongside the works of Stephen Hawking, Carl Sagan, Daniel Dennett, and E. O. Wilson for years to come.