This book introduces new and provocative neuroscience research that advances our understanding of intelligence and the brain. Compelling evidence shows that genetics plays a more important role than environment as intelligence develops from childhood, and that intelligence test scores correspond strongly to specific features of the brain assessed with neuroimaging. In understandable language, Richard J. Haier explains cutting-edge techniques based on genetics, DNA, and imaging of brain connectivity and function. He dispels common misconceptions, such as the belief that IQ tests are biased or meaningless, and debunks simple interventions alleged to increase intelligence. Readers will learn about the real possibility of dramatically enhancing intelligence based on neuroscience findings and the positive implications this could have for education and social policy. The text also explores potential controversies surrounding neuro-poverty, neuro-socioeconomic status, and the morality of enhancing intelligence for everyone. Online resources, including additional visuals, animations, questions and links, reinforce the material.

The study of concepts has advanced dramatically in recent years, with exciting new findings and theoretical developments. Core concepts have been investigated in greater depth and new lines of inquiry have blossomed, with researchers from an ever broader range of disciplines making important contributions. In this volume, leading philosophers and cognitive scientists offer original essays that present the state-of-the-art in the study of concepts. These essays, all commissioned for this book, do not merely present the usual surveys and overviews; rather, they offer the latest work on concepts by a diverse group of theorists as well as discussions of the ideas that should guide research over the next decade. The book is an essential companion volume to the earlier Concepts: Core Readings, the definitive source for classic texts on the nature of concepts.
The essays cover concepts as they relate to animal cognition, the brain, evolution, perception, and language, concepts across cultures, concept acquisition and conceptual change, concepts and normativity, concepts in context, and conceptual individuation. The contributors include such prominent scholars as Susan Carey, Nicola Clayton, Jerry Fodor, Douglas Medin, Joshua Tenenbaum, and Anna Wierzbicka.

Despite their apparently divergent accounts of higher cognition, cognitive theories based on neural computation and those employing symbolic computation can in fact strengthen one another. To substantiate this controversial claim, this landmark work develops in depth a cognitive architecture based in neural computation but supporting formally explicit higher-level symbolic descriptions, including new grammar formalisms. Detailed studies in both phonology and syntax provide arguments that these grammatical theories and their neural network realizations enable deeper explanations of early acquisition, processing difficulty, cross-linguistic typology, and the possibility of genomically encoding universal principles of grammar. Foundational questions concerning the explanatory status of symbols for central problems such as the unbounded productivity of higher cognition are also given proper treatment. The work is made accessible to scholars in different fields of cognitive science through tutorial chapters and numerous expository boxes providing background material from several disciplines. Examples common to different chapters facilitate the transition from more basic to more sophisticated treatments. Details of method, formalism, and foundation are presented in later chapters, offering a wealth of new results to specialists in psycholinguistics, language acquisition, theoretical linguistics, computational linguistics, computational neuroscience, connectionist modeling, and philosophy of mind.

完全破解大腦如何型塑我們的生活，
而我們的生活又如何受大腦的影響！
在《大腦解密手冊中》，最受歡迎的神經科學家伊葛門用眾多實例帶領大家瞭解，關在暗暗腦殼中，一般人摸不到也看不到，不發聲響的大腦，到底如何影響我們。
你從出生到兩歲，腦神經連結達到最高峰，是成人的兩倍，但之後才是關鍵，要保留哪些，要留下哪些，才是決定你成為什麼樣的人的關鍵，但到底哪些連結會留下，那些會修掉呢？
我們以為可以活在當下，但事實上我們此刻的所見所聞，都只是一種回憶，現實意識是大腦進行的小把戲，當下早已過去，怎麼會這樣？
今天，你想起跟父母的關係，覺得溫暖美好，但明天卻又覺得冷漠受傷，事實上可能只跟你在什麼環境下回想有關，是不是嚇了一跳？
比電腦精密的人腦，在科技的幫助下，突破的極限超越了我們的想像！
伊葛門用一篇篇的故事，以及最新的腦科學研究，告訴讀者，我們的頭腦，正是宇宙最奇妙的東西，而想理解這最奇妙的東西，就從《大腦解密手冊》開始。

This clear and accessible textbook introduces the brain's remarkable capacity for memory. The text was developed for undergraduate and beginning graduate students, but it will also be of use to cognitive scientists, biologists, and psychologists who seek an introduction to biological investigations of memory. Like the first edition, this fully-updated second edition begins with a history of memory research, starting with a 'Golden Era' at the turn of the 20th century, and progressing to our current understanding of the neurobiology of memory. Subsequent sections of the book discuss the cellular basis of memory, amnesia in humans and animals, the physiology of memory, declarative, procedural, and emotional memory systems, memory consolidation, and the control of memory by the prefrontal cortex. The book is organized into four sections, which highlight the major themes of the text. The first theme is connection, which considers how memory is fundamentally based on alterations in the connectivity of neurons. This section of the book covers the most well studied models of cellular mechanisms of neural plasticity that may underlie memory. The second theme is cognition, which involves fundamental issues in the psychological structure of memory. This section of the book considers the competition among views on the nature of cognitive processes that underlie memory, and tells how the controversy was eventually resolved. The third theme is compartmentalization, which is akin to the classic problem of memory localization. However, unlike localization, the notion of "compartments" is intended to avoid the notion that particular memories are pigeon-holed into specific loci, and instead emphasize that different forms of memory are accomplished by distinct modules or brain systems. This section of the book surveys the evidence for multiple memory systems, and outlines how they are mediated by different brain structures and systems. The fourth and final theme is consolidation, the process by which memories are transformed from a labile trace into a permanent store. This text encapsulates the major concepts in the field of memory research, and makes this area accessible to students who pursue a variety of related disciplines.

本书阐释了神经科学中的主要概念，着重体现了这些概念蕴含的主要内容以及它们是如何被揭示的。全书共13章，内容包括神经元内的信号通路，神经突触的信号传递，视觉，视觉系统神经回路的连接，嗅觉、味觉、听觉及体感，神经系统的连接，运动和调控系统，性行为，记忆、学习与突触可塑性，脑疾病，神经系统的演化，神经科学研究方法等。书中通过一系列关键实验展示了神经科学的发展历程，每一专题均将分子、细胞、神经回路、系统及行为途径等多元内容进行整合，有助于学生追踪相关文献和数据，并将专业知识融会贯通。
全书内容丰富，为读者提供了经典实验描述、原始论文的数据图表、参考文献等丰富的学习资源。各章首带领读者概览每章学习要点及基本框架，各章知识框详细阐述相关机理和技术进展。章末小结帮助读者及时复习并评价其学习效果。
本书原版由美国科学院院士和美国艺术与科学学院院士骆利群教授编著，其写作风格引人入胜，叙述清晰，所涉及的现代神经生物学重要课题拥有足够的深度，展现出研究前沿，紧密关联的章节让学生能更好地理解各知识点的内容。
本书可作为神经生物学及其相关专业高年级本科生和研究生的教材，也是大学教师和相关领域研究人员不可多得的参考书。

A lively, up-to-date overview of the newest research in biosocial criminology
What is the relationship between criminality and biology? Nineteenth-century phrenologists insisted that criminality was innate, inherent in the offender’s brain matter. While they were eventually repudiated as pseudo-scientists, today the pendulum has swung back. Both criminologists and biologists have begun to speak of a tantalizing but disturbing possibility: that criminality may be inherited as a set of genetic deficits that place one at risk to commit theft, violence, or acts of sexual deviance. But what do these new theories really assert? Are they as dangerous as their forerunners, which the Nazis and other eugenicists used to sterilize, incarcerate, and even execute thousands of supposed “born” criminals? How can we prepare for a future in which leaders may propose crime-control programs based on biology?
In this second edition of The Criminal Brain, Nicole Rafter, Chad Posick, and Michael Rocque describe early biological theories of crime and provide a lively, up-to-date overview of the newest research in biosocial criminology. New chapters introduce the theories of the latter part of the 20th century; apply and critically assess current biosocial and evolutionary theories, the developments in neuro-imaging, and recent progressions in fields such as epigenetics; and finally, provide a vision for the future of criminology and crime policy from a biosocial perspective. The book is a careful, critical examination of each research approach and conclusion. Both compiling and analyzing the body of scholarship devoted to understanding the criminal brain, this volume serves as a condensed, accessible, and contemporary exploration of biological theories of crime and their everyday relevance.

The complexity of the brain and the protean nature of behavior remain the most elusive area of science, but also the most important. van Hemmen and Sejnowski invited 23 experts from the many areas--from evolution to qualia--of systems neuroscience to formulate one problem each. Although each chapter was written independently and can be read separately, together they provide a useful roadmap to the field of systems neuroscience and will serve as a source of inspirations for future explorers of the brain.

《磁共振成像技术指南:检查规范、临床策略及新技术应用》由多位工作在MRI临床和研究第一线的专家共同撰写，共24章，约120余万字，2080多幅图像。全书深入浅出地介绍了MRI的基本原理、脉冲序列、成像参数的优化，以及MRI各种成像新技术的原理和临床应用等知识：对于不同场强的设备，提出了各系统MRI规范检查的建议方案、成像技巧和临床策略。可供影像科医师、技师、医学工程人员、影像学专业的学生及研究生参考阅读。
《磁共振成像技术指南:检查规范、临床策略及新技术应用》出版后，受到广大读者的关注，并有幸成为全国大型医疗设备（MRI）上岗证考试的参考书之一。此次重印，除部分内容修订外，还配加40多个小时的视频讲座，更有利于广大读者学习和理解。

欧美畅销20年的认知经典
科学与真实故事完美融合
造访认知的遥远边界 调动自我的创造潜能
【编辑推荐】：
*作者奥利弗·萨克斯被书评家赞为20世纪难得一见的“神经学专家”，也被《纽约时报》誉为“医学桂冠诗人”。他的这一系列“探索者”读本在欧美畅销近20年，不断再版，被翻译成30多种语言，是风靡欧美的经典认知读物。
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*J.K.罗琳、理查德·道金斯敬意推荐。清华大学心理学系教授蔡曙山、果壳网创始人姬十三精彩解读并撰写推荐序。
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*萨克斯说：“我们用眼睛看世界，也用大脑看世界。用大脑看，也就是我们常说的想象。我们熟悉自己的想象模式，思维方式，它决定我们的行为，并将伴随一生。”认识世界的第一步就是认识自己，人类终其一生都走在探索自己与外部世界的道路上。萨克斯对众多不可思议的生命的书写，将人类大脑神奇的适应能力与创造潜能展现了出来，改变了一代人对自我和外部世界的认知。
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*《火星上的人类学家》讲述了七名脑神经受伤者遭受的巨大生活变故。这些常人眼中的异类，在自我与外部世界的相处中激发的巨大潜能，超越了我们现有的认知。科学与真实的完美融合是萨克斯的作品的标志，他讲故事的方式与 《天才在左疯子在右》相似，不同的是，作者是哥伦比亚大学临床神经科教授，有着权威的专业背景，他笔下的人物全部来自真实的故事。
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奥利弗·萨克斯TED演讲视频： http://www.ted.com/talks/oliver_sacks_what_hallucination_reveals_about_our_minds
【内容简介】：
萨克斯是杰出的脑神经专家，也是誉满全球的畅销书作家。他认为：大脑是整个宇宙中最不可思议的物体，具有卓越的可塑性和惊人的适应能力。《火星上的人类学家》讲述了七名脑神经受伤者遭受的巨大生活变故。车祸后患上色盲症、双眼看不见色彩的画家，反而迎来事业的高峰；从小失明的男孩，因爱情而手术，恢复视觉后，却想再度变回盲人；对生活绝望的男人，因为患上怪病，意外成为才华横溢的画家；自己是无法治愈的病人，却成为最优秀的外科医生……这些常人眼中的异类，在自我与外部世界的相处中激发的巨大潜能，超越了我们现有的认知。萨克斯的作品兼具科学与浪漫的情怀，对人类心智的奇妙探索给我们带来无限启发。
【媒体、名人评价】：
“一本十分精彩，充满了理性与感性能量的新书，这是萨克斯送给我们的礼物，可以扩大我们对于自身的认识与体验。” ----《华尔街日报》
“这是一本从各个方面来说都算是杰作的作品…读起来十分有趣味性…萨克斯于希望被放逐之地找到希望，这种艺术让本书成为无价之宝。” ----《芝加哥论坛报》
“迷人…温暖…博学…萨克斯是将科学与老派的讲故事的手法结合了起来…他将病理个案变成了艺术。” ----《时代周刊》
“奥利佛·萨克斯是一个伟大的记录者，对这7个深深困扰的个体具有洞察力的探索，将人的体验的边界进行了拓宽并且告诉了广大的读者。” ----《波士顿环球报》
“萨克斯的故事如此动人，它们不仅给现代医学以启示，更给现代人的生活以巨大的启发。” ——《纽约时报》
“萨克斯有着惊人的天赋，他的文笔明晰晓畅而又动人心弦，人物刻画精致细腻，让当今大多数的小说家相形见绌。” —— 《每日电讯》
“萨克斯用他的故事给我们的人生以绝妙的启迪！” ——《卫报》
“与《错把太太当帽子的人》相比，这次回到每个人与他们的故事——开发其深度与广度，尽管其中有些主题是相似的：孤独症、健忘症、妥瑞氏综合征等。” ----奥利弗∙萨克斯

Why are we obsessed with the things we want only to be bored when we get them?
Why is addiction perfectly logical to an addict?
Why does love change so quickly from passion to indifference?
Why are some people die-hard liberals and others hardcore conservatives?
Why are we always hopeful for solutions even in the darkest times—and so good at figuring them out?
The answer is found in a single chemical in your brain: dopamine. Dopamine ensured the survival of early man. Thousands of years later, it is the source of our most basic behaviors and cultural ideas—and progress itself.
Dopamine is the chemical of desire that always asks for more—more stuff, more stimulation, and more surprises. In pursuit of these things, it is undeterred by emotion, fear, or morality. Dopamine is the source of our every urge, that little bit of biology that makes an ambitious business professional sacrifice everything in pursuit of success, or that drives a satisfied spouse to risk it all for the thrill of someone new. Simply put, it is why we seek and succeed; it is why we discover and prosper. Yet, at the same time, it’s why we gamble and squander.
From dopamine’s point of view, it’s not the having that matters. It’s getting something—anything—that’s new. From this understanding—the difference between possessing something versus anticipating it—we can understand in a revolutionary new way why we behave as we do in love, business, addiction, politics, religion—and we can even predict those behaviors in ourselves and others.
In The Molecule of More: How a Single Chemical in Your Brain Drives Love, Sex, and Creativity—and will Determine the Fate of the Human Race, George Washington University professor and psychiatrist Daniel Z. Lieberman, MD, and Georgetown University lecturer Michael E. Long present a potentially life-changing proposal: Much of human life has an unconsidered component that explains an array of behaviors previously thought to be unrelated, including why winners cheat, why geniuses often suffer with mental illness, why nearly all diets fail, and why the brains of liberals and conservatives really are different.

二十世纪神经科学发展史宏大画卷
诺奖科学家的成长经历和科研历程
令人信服地展示了何为一流科学、如何创造一流科学
出版十几年来引领无数学子走进科学殿堂
◎ 编辑推荐
☆ 从第一人称的视角，展现伟大科学家的研究路径、问题意识与情志襟怀
作者以清晰易读的文笔，从研究者本人的角度 向读者介绍了最好的科学研究是如何一步步展开的，从确定题目，到提出假说，寻找实验对象和方法，结识最合适的合作者，直到最后将自己的研究成果公之于众并使之进入商业领域的整个过程，为科学爱好者和有志于科学事业的学生提供了行动的指引。
☆ 同时这也是一部二十世纪神经科学发展史
坎德尔的职业生涯，恰逢现代科学史上最为激动人心的一个时期。在他进入医学院后不久，沃森和克里克发现了DNA的分子结构，给整个生物学界带来了革命性的巨变。神经科学——对记忆、情感、判断等心智活动的生物学机制的研究——在此时作为一个全新的学科浮现出来，而坎德尔就全程见证并参与了这个新学科从无到有的整个经过。
☆ 本书面向的读者群体较为多元，值得推荐给那些渴望从名人传记中汲取人生经验的普通读者、有志于从事学术研究的专业读者、想了解神经科学和心理学的读者，以及对“二战”奥地利犹太难民史感兴趣的读者。此外，本书译者还认为它是一本“赴美留学指南”，它如实地反映了美国高等院校及科研机构的文化氛围，能给那些打算赴美留学的学子及其家长提供绝佳的参考。
◎ 内容简介
本书是美籍犹太裔神经科学家、诺贝尔奖得主埃里克·坎德尔的自传，在书中他不仅表达了个人对其生活和历史的感受和思考，也以亲历者的身份叙述了神经科学这个学科从无到有的发展史——人们如何开始用生物科学的方法研究学习和记忆，在过去的一个世纪里这个领域得到了哪些发展，科学界又对未来怀有哪些愿景和期待。通过阅读这本书，读者不仅可以了解神经科学这一学科的动向，更能窥见最顶尖科学家进行科学探索的思考路径，以及一个伟大科学家的素质和襟怀。本书已被翻译成德语、法语、俄语、意大利语、西班牙语、波斯语等十多个语种，先后荣获2006年度《洛杉矶时报》图书奖和2007年度美国国家学院知识传播奖。
◎ 名人推荐
☆ 恐怕没人能像坎德尔那样在细胞和分子的层面上推动人类记忆机制的研究。他破译大脑记忆密码的激情影响了一代又一代的年轻科学家。在这本书中，我们可以看到一位伟大科学家如何进行思考，并带动了科学的发展。
——蒲慕明，中国科学院院士、神经科学研究所所长，美国科学院院士
☆ 埃里克·坎德尔的这本书别人写不出来。他通过毕生的视角透视科学，跌宕起伏、硕果累累。我们受到了坎德尔持久的激情和坚定的决心指引。我向所有那些正在寻找有关大脑和记忆知识的个人观点，以及那些正在考虑开启科学生涯的读者推荐此书。
——安东尼奥·达马西奥，美国科学院院士，著名神经科学家
☆ 埃里克·坎德尔写出了一部绝佳作品，从头至尾行云流水、一气呵成，展现了神经科学在令人惊叹的20世纪后半叶的壮丽图卷。坎德尔把个人经历与科学研究融为一体，他带来的巨大影响和广泛交流，使得科学成为全世界最重要的共同事业。
——奥利弗·萨克斯，美国人文与科学院院士，著名科普畅销书作家
☆《追寻记忆的痕迹》动人地讲述了埃里克·坎德尔站在脑科学前沿领域的大胆人生，他以分子生物学方法革新了我们对感受到的信息如何存储的认识。
——詹姆斯·沃森，DNA双螺旋结构的发现者之一，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主
☆ 我向所有对一位重要科学家的人生和工作，或者对我们这个时代的科学进程感兴趣的读者推荐此书。……坎德尔优雅地做出的这些研究，会极大地诱惑有天赋的学生将他开启的这些令人难忘的工作向前推进。
——霍华德·加德纳，美国心理学会威廉·詹姆斯奖得主，著名认知心理学家
☆《追寻记忆的痕迹》融自传、科学史和基础生物学于一炉，是一部无出其右的才华横溢之作。它令人信服地展示了何谓一流科学，以及如何创造一流科学。
——E. O.威尔逊，美国科学院院士，被誉为“社会生物学之父”

[内容简介]
除宇宙外，大脑是目前人类的头号未解之谜，宛若科学领域闪耀的王冠，而王冠上璀璨的明珠，要属人的意识，它令人着迷又深不可测。意识吸引了全世界科学领域的巨擘的目光，而脑科学家斯坦尼斯拉斯·迪昂从这些人里脱颖而出，他让意识探索从空想走向实践。如诺贝尔生理学或医学奖获得者埃里克· 坎德尔所说，迪昂开创的一系列意识实验，彻底改变了脑科学领域。
在《脑与意识》中，迪昂集结了意识与思维近20年来的前沿研究成果，用丰富、富有创新性的实验，将深奥难懂的脑科学知识，以大众看得懂的方式娓娓道来，发现了人类主观意识的客观标志，原来意识是“可见的”，掀起了脑科学的新篇章。
从我们感觉不到无意识讲到人人可察觉的主观思想，从意识的功能讲到意识的测量方法，从与植物人沟通讲到创造有意识的AI。本书对意识与思维背后的脑活动进行了重新定义、检验和阐释，探讨了意识在临床医疗和未来科技方面的潜在用途和进展，为读者打开了新思路。迪昂与同事提出的突破性理论“全脑神经工作空间”书中也进行了详细解释。
让我们跟随迪昂一同踏上旅程，探索人类思想、情感与意志背后那复杂而令人兴奋的真相。
[编辑推荐]
●电子化、智能化将是人类未来的生活基础和主流，这意味着脑科学，尤其是意识问题，将成为人类研究的核心。本书的新探索、新方法、新范式、新观点无疑会为将来脑科学发展开辟新疆土。
●斯坦尼斯拉斯·迪昂的研究跨越神经科学、教育学、心理学、生物学，作为全世界极具影响力的认知神经科学家、欧洲神经科学领军人、“神经科学领域的诺贝尔奖”大脑奖得主，迪昂已超其导师、认知神经科学的创始人之一迈克尔·波斯纳，确立了自己在脑科学领域的大神级地位。
●这本书适合所有奋战在一线的医疗技术人员、医生和人工智能技术专家，它可以帮助医疗人士对病人的意识情况做出诊断，让人工智能专家找到如何让AI拥有人类思维这一问题的答案。本书也适合任何与脑科学直接或间接相关的学科专业人士。对神经科学、实验心理学、教育学初学者来说，它是了解大脑很好的入门书籍，为读者提供了清晰可操作的意识实验范式，对这些学科的专家而言，本书呈现了一幅完整的现代意识研究拼图。对于乐于探索前沿知识的读者，他们可以从这些设计新奇、令人拍案叫绝的实验中锻炼科学思维与逻辑推理。
●诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主埃里克·坎德尔、世界领军神经科学家克里斯·弗里思、加州理工学院的生物学和工程学教授克里斯托弗·科赫、《华盛顿邮报》等盛赞。中科院院士、核物理学家、浙江大学教授唐孝威倾情作序，北京大学校务委员会委员周晓林、复旦大学生命科学学院退休教授顾凡及、浙江大学哲学系教授李恒威、果壳网CEO姬十三、苇草智酷创始合伙人段永朝盛赞推荐！
●湛庐文化出品

内容提要
视觉研究是脑科学或神经科学发展中一个比较系统、成熟的分支，特别是对视觉
大脑皮层的研究方面。本书以较短的篇幅介绍了视觉信息处理脑机制方面的基本理论
和近30年来所取得的进展。全书共分七章，分别介绍了视觉系统基本功能和形态学、
视网膜信息处理机制、外膝体在对视觉信息流的调控和形成平行处理过程中的作用、
视皮层细胞的感受野性质及其功能构筑、既平行又分级串行的视觉信息处理机制，以
及当前视觉信息处理研究的一些重要方面。本书力图通过对视觉信息处理的脑机制的
介绍，使读者能够对蓬勃发展的脑科学或神经科学有一个相当深度的了解。
本书可作为从事神经生物学、生理学、医学、心理学以及相关学科的研究人员，高
等院校的教师，理、工、医科研究生和高年级本科生的专业参考书，对于眼科、神经内科
和外科医生也有重要参考价值。

Studies of mechanisms in the brain that allow complicated things to happen in a coordinated fashion have produced some of the most spectacular discoveries in neuroscience. This book provides eloquent support for the idea that spontaneous neuron activity, far from being mere noise, is actually the source of our cognitive abilities. It takes a fresh look at the co-evolution of structure and function in the mammalian brain, illustrating how self-emerged oscillatory timing is the brains fundamental organiser of neuronal information. The small world-like connectivity of the cerebral cortex allows for global computation on multiple spatial and temporal scales. The perpetual interactions among the multiple network oscillators keep cortical systems in a highly sensitive metastable state and provide energy-efficient synchronising mechanisms via weak links. In a sequence of cycles, Gyorgy Buzsaki guides the reader from the physics of oscillations through neuronal assembly organisation to complex cognitive processing and memory storage. His clear, fluid writing accessible to any reader with some scientific knowledge is supplemented by extensive footnotes and references that make it just as gratifying and instructive a read for the specialist. The coherent view of a single author who has been at the forefront of research in this exciting field, this volume is essential reading for anyone interested in our rapidly evolving understanding of the brain.