从本书所呈现的研究结果看，我们的语义资源建设工作具有较强的科学性和XIAN进性，观点鲜明、论据翔实、结论可靠。其研究结果可以作为信息抽取、机器翻译、事件识别、情感分析等计算机应用的基础资源和关键技术。本书是学习或从事人工智能、自然语言理解、机器翻译、情报学、语义学等相关专业硕士、博士研究生或高年级本科生的教材或教学参考书，也可供从事该领域相关研究的人员或技术开发人员学习参考。

自然语言计算机形式分析是横跨语言学、计算机科学和数学的一个交叉研究领域，是自然语言计算机处理的关键。自然语言是信息主要的负荷者，在当今信息网络时代，计算机已经日益普及，普通计算机用户可以使用的语言资源正以惊人的速度飞快增长。互联网主要是由自然语言构成的，它已经成为了极为丰富的语言信息资源；移动通信也是以自然语言为媒介的，它已经渗透到日常生活的各个领域。因此，自然语言计算机形式分析对于国家的信息化建设，对于互联网和移动通信的安全具有重要作用。
本书对自然语言处理中的各种理论和方法进行了系统的总结和梳理。首先讨论了自然语言处理的学科定位；接着介绍了语言计算的一些先驱研究；然后以主要的篇幅讨论自然语言处理中的各种形式模型，包括基于短语结构语法的形式模型、基于合一运算的形式模型、基于依存和配价的形式模型、基于格语法的形式模型、基于词汇主义的形式模型、语义自动处理的形式模型、系统功能语法、语用自动处理的形式模型、概率语法、Bayes公式与动态规划算法、N元语法和数据平滑、隐Markov模型（HMM）、语音自动处理的形式模型、统计机器翻译的形式模型；同时还讨论了自然语言处理系统的评测问题；*后从哲学的角度讨论了自然语言处理中的理性主义和经验主义，探索理性主义方法和经验主义方法相结合的途径。
本书说理透彻、语言流畅、实例丰富、深入浅出，适合从事自然语言处理研究的科研人员、大学师生阅读，也可以作为人工智能、计算语言学等课程的教学参考书。

Statistical analysis is a useful skill for linguists and psycholinguists, allowing them to understand the quantitative structure of their data. This textbook provides a straightforward introduction to the statistical analysis of language. Designed for linguists with a non-mathematical background, it clearly introduces the basic principles and methods of statistical analysis, using 'R', the leading computational statistics programme. The reader is guided step-by-step through a range of real data sets, allowing them to analyse acoustic data, construct grammatical trees for a variety of languages, quantify register variation in corpus linguistics, and measure experimental data using state-of-the-art models. The visualization of data plays a key role, both in the initial stages of data exploration and later on when the reader is encouraged to criticize various models. Containing over 40 exercises with model answers, this book will be welcomed by all linguists wishing to learn more about working with and presenting quantitative data.

This is the 2nd edition of "Speech and Language Processing, 2000" (http://www.douban.com/subject/1810715/).
An explosion of Web-based language techniques, merging of distinct fields, availability of phone-based dialogue systems, and much more make this an exciting time in speech and language processing. The first of its kind to thoroughly cover language technology – at all levels and with all modern technologies – this book takes an empirical approach to the subject, based on applying statistical and other machine-learning algorithms to large corporations. Builds each chapter around one or more worked examples demonstrating the main idea of the chapter, usingthe examples to illustrate the relative strengths and weaknesses of various approaches. Adds coverage of statistical sequence labeling, information extraction, question answering and summarization, advanced topics in speech recognition, speech synthesis. Revises coverage of language modeling, formal grammars, statistical parsing, machine translation, and dialog processing. A useful reference for professionals in any of the areas of speech and language processing.

自然语言的逻辑语义学(简称逻辑语义学)是依据现代逻辑的思想或采用现代逻辑的工具研究自然语言的句法生成尤其是语义组合规律的学科，是实现自然语言计算机信息处理的先期工作。《BR》　　本书以汉语信息处理为导向，以现代汉语中的反身代词、照应省略结构、话题句、兼语句、连动句、复杂谓词并列结构等具有典型性的句法-语义现象为研究素材，展开了一系列逻辑语义学的研究，即针对汉语独有特征的范畴类型逻辑以及组合范畴语法的研究。这些研究一方面可以充实逻辑语义学研究的理论宝库，促进现代逻辑的发展；另一方面也能够为汉语的计算机信息处理提供理论指导。通过把逻辑语义学对自然语言，尤其是对汉语形式化研究的成果应用到汉语的信息处理领域，我国计算机自然语言处理的思路将得到拓宽，效率将得到提高。

This book is intended for researchers who want to keep abreast of current developments in corpus-based natural language processing. It captures the essence of a series of highly successful workshops organized over the last few years. The papers cover a range of current research topics in this field including part-of-speech tagging, word sense disambiguation, parsing on real-life texts, working with parallel corpora and improved techniques for document processing.

Thinking Syntactically: A Guide to Argumentation and Analysis is a textbook designed to teach introductory students the skills of relating data to theory and theory to data. * Helps students develop their thinking and argumentation skills rather than merely introducing them to one particular version of syntactic theory. * Structured around a wide range of exercises that use clear and compelling logic to build arguments and lead up to theoretical proposals. * Data drawn from current media sources, including newspapers, books, and television programs, to help students formulate and test hypotheses. * Generative in spirit, but does not focus on specific theoretical approaches but enables students to understand and evaluate different approaches more easily. * Written by an established author with an international reputation.

《自然语言生成系统的建造》介绍怎样来建造一个自然语言生成系统。自然语言生成系统是一个计算机软件系统，它使用人工智能和计算语言学的方法和技术，自动地生成可理解的自然语言文本，这样的文本可以是独立的，也可以是多媒体文档的一个组成部分。自然语言生成系统要从某种非语言表达出发，以这种非语言表达作为信息的输入，使用语言知识和应用系统领域的知识，自动地产生出文档、报告、说明书、帮助信息以及其他类型的文本。

本书是第一本从各个层面全面介绍语言技术的书，自第1版出版以来，一直好评如潮，被国外许多著名大学选为自然语言处理和计算语言学课程的主要教材。本书将深入的语言分析与健壮的统计方法结合起来，新版更是涉及了大量的现代技术，将自然语言处理、计算语言学以及语音识别等内容融合在一本书中，把各种技术相互联系起来，让读者了解怎样才能最佳地利用每种技术，怎样才能将各种技术结合起来使用。本书写作风格引人入胜，深入技术细节而又不让人感觉枯燥。
本书不仅可以作为高等学校自然语言处理和计算语言学等课程的本科生和研究生教材，对于自然语言处理相关领域的研究人员和技术人员也是不可或缺的权威参考书。

This comprehensive reference work provides an overview of the concepts, methodologies, and applications in computational linguistics and natural language processing (NLP). Features contributions by the top researchers in the field, reflecting the work that is driving the discipline forward Includes an introduction to the major theoretical issues in these fields, as well as the central engineering applications that the work has produced Presents the major developments in an accessible way, explaining the close connection between scientific understanding of the computational properties of natural language and the creation of effective language technologies Serves as an invaluable state-of-the-art reference source for computational linguists and software engineers developing NLP applications in industrial research and development labs of software companies

In this ambitious and wide-ranging text, Andrew Goatly explores the language of metaphor. Combining insights from relevance theory and functional linguistics, he provides a powerful model for understanding how metaphors work in real communicative situations, how we use them to communicate meaning as well as how we process them.

Examining the distinction between literal and metaphorical language, Goatly surveys the means by which metaphors are realized in texts and locates the interpretation of metaphor in its social context. The Language of Metaphors is enlivened by the choice, variety and humor of its real examples which are taken from a wide variety of genres including conversation, popular science, advertising, news reports, novels and poetry. Supplemented with exercises and a suggested reading list, this book will provide students of language, psychology and literature with an invaluable guide to understanding precisely how metaphors function.</P>

本书是一本研究汉语自然语言处理方面的基础性、综合性书籍，涉及NLP的语言理论、算法和工程实践的方方面面，内容繁杂。 本书包括NLP的语言理论部分、算法部分、案例部分，涉及汉语的发展历史、传统的句法理论、认知语言学理论。需要指出的是，本书是迄今为止第一本系统介绍认知语言学和算法设计相结合的中文NLP书籍，并从认知语言学的视角重新认识和分析了NLP的句法和语义相结合的数据结构。这也是本书的创新之处。 本书适用于所有想学习NLP的技术人员，包括各大人工智能实验室、软件学院等专业机构。

本书是第一本全面阐述如何构建健壮和准确的多语自然语言处理系统的图书，由两位资深专家编辑，集合了该领域众多尖端进展以及从广泛的研究和产业实践中总结出的实用解决方案。第一部分介绍现代自然语言处理的核心概念和理论基础，展示了如何理解单词和文档结构、分析语法、建模语言、识别蕴涵和检测冗余。第二部分彻底阐述与构建真实应用有关的实际考量，包括信息抽取、机器翻译、信息检索、文摘、问答、提炼、处理流水线等。

《动宾搭配的语义分析和计算》将认知语言学理论、语料库语言学、语言计算理论和机器学习技术融合起来，围绕动宾之间的语义选择限制问题展开研究。基于大规模数据，对不同动词对宾语选择限制的多样性和强度差异，做了系统标注和统计分析。从主观性和认知事件框架的角度，揭示了动宾搭配多样性的深层次约束，描写了词语褒贬的指向问题，利用选择限制对动宾搭配的转喻本体做了自动理解实验并验证了隐喻理论的有效性，对明喻句的自动识别实验取得良好效果。

《国外计算机科学教材系列:统计机器翻译》提供了必要的语言学和概率论基础知识，涵盖了机器翻译的主要模型：基于词的、基于短语的和基于句法树的模型，还介绍了机器翻译评测、语言建模、区分式训练以及整合语言学标注的高级方法。《国外计算机科学教材系列:统计机器翻译》汇总了最新的研究成果和一些尚未解决的挑战，使初学者和经验丰富的研究人员都能够对这一领域有所贡献。这是一本本科生和研究生的理想读本，也适用于任何对机器翻译开发有兴趣的读者。

本书是国家社科基金后期资助项目成果。本书主要利用计算语言学方法讨论了认知解读过程中的语言顿悟和折返，对多种语言中各个层面上的花园幽径现象，从认知心理、计算处理等多个角度进行了研究。研究表明递归转移网络、良构子串表和CYK算法等计算语言学的形式化方法可用于阐释具有“由行渐顿，顿而后悟，悟终复行”的花园幽径模式行进错位效应。这对了解人类对于复杂句的剖析过程、心理机制及其脑部区域有促进作用，同时对于计算机处理花园幽径句有指导意义。

The central task of a future-oriented computational linguistics is the development of cognitive machines which humans can freely talk with in their respective natural language. In the long run, this task will ensure the development of a functional theory of language, an objective method of verification,and a wide range of practical applications.
Natural communication requires not only verbal processing, but also non-verbal perception and action. Therefore the content of this textbook is organized as a theory of language for the construction of talking robots. The main topic is the mechanism of natural language communication in both the speaker and the hearer. The book contains more than 700 exercises for reviewing key ideas and important problems.