来自猩猩的哩 - 标记
The Limits Of Market Organization 豆瓣
作者: Nelson, Richard R. Russell Sage Foundation Publications 2005 - 4
The last quarter century has seen a broad, but qualified, belief in the efficacy of market organization slide into an unyielding dogma that the market, as unconstrained as possible, is the best way to govern virtually all economic activity. However, unrestricted markets can often lead to gross inequalities in access to important resources, the creation of monopolies, and other negative effects that require regulation or public subsidies to remedy. In "The Limits of Market Organizations, editor Richard Nelson and a group of economic experts take a more sophisticated look at the public/private debate, noting where markets are useful, where they can be effective only if augmented by non-market mechanisms, and where they are simply inappropriate. "The Limits of Market Organization examines the appropriateness of markets in four areas where support for privatization varies widely: human sevices, public utilities, science and technology, and activities where market involvement is altogether inappropriate. Richard Murnane makes the case that a social interest in providing equal access to high quality education means that for school voucher plans to be effective, substantial government oversight is necessary. Federal involvement in transcontinental railroad system was initially applauded, but recent financial troubles at Amtrak have prompted many to call for privatization of the rails. Yet contributor Elliot Sclar argues that public subsidies are the only way to maintain this vital part of the American transportation infrastructure. While market principles can promote competition and foster innovation, applying them in certain areas can actually stifle progress. Nelson argues that aggressivepatenting has hindered scientific research by restricting access to tools and processes that could be used to generate new findings. He suggests that some kind of exception to patent law should be made for scientists who seek to build off of patented findings and then put their research results into the public domain. In other spheres, market organization is altogether unsuitable. Legal expert Richard Briffault looks at one such example--the democratic political process--and profiles the successes and failures of campaign finance reform in preventing parties from buying political influence. This important volume shows that market organization has its virtues, but also its drawbacks. Just as regulation can be over-applied, so too can market principles. "The Limits of Market Organization encourages readers to think more discriminately about the march toward privatization, and to remember the importance of public institutions.
Class Counts 豆瓣
作者: Erik Olin Wright Cambridge University Press 1996 - 11
Class Counts combines theoretical discussions of the concept of class with a wide range of comparative empirical investigations of class and its ramifications in developed capitalist societies. What unites the topics is not a preoccupation with a common object of explanation, but rather a common explanatory factor: class. Four broad themes are explored: class structure and its transformations; the permeability of class boundaries; class and gender; class consciousness. The specific empirical studies include such diverse topics as the sexual division of labour in housework, gender differences in managerial authority, friendship networks in the class structure, the expansion of self-employment in the United States in the past two decades, and the class consciousness of state and private-sector employees. The results of these studies are then evaluated in terms of how they confirm certain expectations within the Marxist tradition of class analysis and how they pose challenging surprises.
2017年9月14日 想读 老师搞了一章给我们读,然后我读完了,心里想的居然是给我点shmoo就好了。
如何改变世界 豆瓣
How to Change the World: Social Entrepreneurs and the Power of New Ideas
作者: [美] 戴维·伯恩斯坦 译者: 吴士宏 新星出版社 2006 - 4
商业企业家以经济而言意味着什么,社会企业家对社会变革就意味着什么。戴维·伯恩斯坦写道:他们是那些为理想驱动、有创造力的个体,他们质疑现状、开拓新机遇、拒绝放弃,最后要重建一个更好的世界。
《如何改变世界》讲述的就是这些卓越个体——有些来自美国,其他刚来自从巴西到欧牙利的许多国家——引人入胜的故事,为民营部门提供了一本“卓越指南”。在美国,一个叫J.B.施莱姆的男人帮助了数以千计的来自抵收入家庭的中学生进入大学。在南非,一个叫维洛尼卡·霍萨的女人发展出一种以家庭为基础的艾滋病病入护理模式,改变了政府的卫生医疗政策。在巴西,因为法维奥·罗萨的努力,数以十万计的边远农村居民用上了电。还有美国人詹姆斯·格兰特领导和“行销”了一场全球儿童免疫运动,挽救了2500万个生命,也因此为自己树立了声望。再还有美国人彼尔·德雷顿,他创建了一个自愿者基地“阿育王”——资助和支持了这些社会企业家,以及千余个像他们那样的人,将它们的思想威力撒播到了世界各地。
这些非凡的故事让我们看到了一个没有被媒体大量报道的巨大变革:环顾世界,社会中成长最快的部分是民营部门,同时数以百万计的普通人——社会企业家们——正在越来越多地涉足到政府和企业已经失败的地方去解决问题。正如其标题所显示的,《如何改变世界:社会企业家与新思想的威力》要告诉我们的是,凭着决心和创造精神,个人也能够创造出非凡成就。对那些追求在世上留下一个正面印记的人而言,这即是一本激励读物也是一本无价的行动指南。它将改变你看世界的方式。
2017年9月14日 想读
幸福过了头 豆瓣
Too Much Happiness
8.8 (24 个评分) 作者: [加拿大] 艾丽丝·门罗 译者: 张小意 译林出版社 2013 - 11
★生命最黑暗时,门罗欲以此书为绝唱
★这本书标志着门罗创作的顶点,此后,门罗不断获得各种终身成就奖
门罗笔下的女人邂逅的真实生活总有些残酷:谋杀、疯狂、死亡、离异,以及形形色色的欺骗。面对这些遭遇,她们总是平静、清醒,甚至有些若无其事。她们在人生中穿行,背负着各自的伤疤,但又当这伤疤不是她们的;她们睿智深邃,但这不能医治她们的柔弱善感。
10篇意味深长的故事,太多不能承受的幸福与伤痛,其时罹患癌症的门罗,正欲以此作为她人生的绝唱。本书曾是吉勒奖的夺冠热门,为了给后辈留下机会,门罗主动退出竞争。
2017年9月10日 想读
The Purchase of Intimacy 豆瓣
作者: Viviana A. Zelizer Princeton University Press 2007 - 4
In their personal lives, people consider it essential to separate economics and intimacy. We have, for example, a long-standing taboo against workplace romance, while we see marital love as different from prostitution because it is not a fundamentally financial exchange. In "The Purchase of Intimacy", Viviana Zelizer mounts a provocative challenge to this view. Getting to the heart of one of life's greatest taboos, she shows how we all use economic activity to create, maintain, and renegotiate important ties - especially intimate ties - to other people. In everyday life, we invest intense effort and worry to strike the right balance. For example, when a wife's income equals or surpasses her husband's, how much more time should the man devote to household chores or child care? Sometimes legal disputes arise. Should the surviving partner in a same-sex relationship have received compensation for a partner's death as a result of 9/11? Through a host of compelling examples, Zelizer shows us why price is central to three key areas of intimacy: sexually tinged relations; health care by family members, friends, and professionals; and household economics. She draws both on research and materials ranging from reports on compensation to survivors of 9/11 victims to financial management Web sites and advice books for same-sex couples. From the bedroom to the courtroom, "The Purchase of Intimacy" opens a fascinating new window on the inner workings of the economic processes that pervade our private lives.
Encountering Development 豆瓣
作者: Arturo Escobar Princeton University Press 1994 - 11
How did the industrialized nations of North America and Europe come to be seen as the appropriate models for post-World War II societies in Asia, Africa, and Latin America? How did the postwar discourse on development actually create the so-called Third World? And what will happen when development ideology collapses? To answer these questions, Arturo Escobar shows how development policies became mechanisms of control that were just as pervasive and effective as their colonial counterparts. The development apparatus generated categories powerful enough to shape the thinking even of its occasional critics while poverty and hunger became widespread. 'Development' was not even partially 'deconstructed' until the 1980s, when new tools for analyzing the representation of social reality were applied to specific 'Third World' cases. Here Escobar deploys these new techniques in a provocative analysis of development discourse and practice in general, concluding with a discussion of alternative visions for a postdevelopment era. Escobar emphasizes the role of economists in development discourse - his case study of Colombia demonstrates that the economization of food resulted in ambitious plans, and more hunger. To depict the production of knowledge and power in other development fields, the author shows how peasants, women, and nature became objects of knowledge and targets of power under the 'gaze of experts'.
2017年9月8日 想读
流动的生活 豆瓣
作者: 齐德蒙特-鲍曼 译者: 徐朝友 江苏人民出版社 2012 - 6
《流动的生活》讲述流动的生活,是没有定准的生活,总是在持续的不确定性状态下的生活。袭扰这种流动的生活的最剧烈、最顽固的担忧,是害怕被弄得措手不及,害怕跟不上快速变化的事件,害怕没留意“过期的”日期而死抱着已经没有价值的东西,害怕错过了掉转、方向的良机而被抛在了别人的后面。流动的现代生活之艺术以及实践这些艺术所需要的技巧中,放弃比拥有重要。流动的现代社会里生活的各种挑战,当代最卓越、最具有原创性思想的社会思想家之一,将在《流动的生活》中逐章予以追溯与揭示。
Social Policy in the United States 豆瓣
作者: Theda Skocpol Princeton University Press 1995
Health care, welfare, Social Security, employment programs - all are part of ongoing national debates about the future of social policy in the United States. In this wide-ranging collection of essays, Theda Skocpol shows how historical understanding, centered on governmental institutions and political alliances, can illuminate the limits and possibilities of American social policymaking both past and present. Skocpol dispels the myth that Americans are inherently hostile to social spending and suggests why President Clinton's health care agenda was so quickly attacked despite the support of most Americans for his goals.
2017年9月3日 想读
Collateral Knowledge 豆瓣
作者: Annelise Riles The University of Chicago Press 2011 - 5
Who are the agents of financial regulation? Is good (or bad) financial governance merely the work of legislators and regulators? Here Annelise Riles argues that financial governance is made not just through top-down laws and policies but also through the daily use of mundane legal techniques such as collateral by a variety of secondary agents, from legal technicians and retail investors to financiers and academics and even computerized trading programs.
Drawing upon her ten years of ethnographic fieldwork in the Japanese derivatives market, Riles explores the uses of collateral in the financial markets as a regulatory device for stabilizing market transactions. How collateral operates, Riles suggests, is paradigmatic of a class of low-profile, mundane, but indispensable activities and practices that are all too often ignored as we think about how markets should work and be governed. Riles seeks to democratize our understanding of legal techniques, and demonstrate how these day-to-day private actions can be reformed to produce more effective forms of market regulation.
2017年9月1日 想读
口福 豆瓣
作者: 戴爱群 / 张婕娜 生活•读书•新知三联书店 生活书店出版有限公司 2015 - 8
本书是美食名家戴爱群先生,携手十大菜系22位金牌大厨、资深美食编辑张婕娜、知名摄影师王同,向大众读者诚挚推荐 100 款中国名菜,说明推荐理由、如何品尝欣赏,并就具体菜品与名厨互动,使爱好中国美食又不得其门而入者能够得到一个“向导”,通过此书比较直观、便捷地初步进入中国美食的殿堂,提纲挈领,得其大要,重温舌尖上的经典。
本书文字雅致、图片精美,四色印刷,兼具阅读、馈赠与收藏价值。
汪曾祺之子、美食家汪朗先生在书中作序推荐,他表示,就中国饮食来说,时下更应倡导的是“守旧”,是将多少代厨师费尽心血创立的精品菜肴和操作技艺传承下去,并将其发扬光大,不能只是养在深闺的非物质文化遗产。如今,经典菜肴退化的情况相当普遍。留住老味道,比起华而不实的创新,更有现实意义。“创新”可以天马行空,守旧则必须有所遵循。
2017年8月30日 想读
红豆生南国 豆瓣
7.6 (17 个评分) 作者: 王安忆 人民文学出版社 2017 - 6
红豆生南国
此物最相思
《长恨歌》后十年
王安忆再写都市人间绵绵情缘
他的恩欠,他的愧受,他的困囚,他的原罪,他的蛊,忽得一个名字,这名字就叫相思。
——王安忆
《红豆生南国》是著名作家王安忆2017年zui新中篇小说集,收入《红豆生南国》《向西,向西,向南》《乡关处处》三部中篇小说。三部小说的故事分别发生于中国香港、纽约和上海,讲述了生活在这三个城市的“都市移民”的故事,他们的青春,爱与孤寂。
2017年8月21日 想读
学术与政治 豆瓣
Wissenschaft als Beruf und Politik als Beruf
9.8 (9 个评分) 作者: [德国] 马克斯·韦伯 译者: 钱永祥 广西师范大学出版社 2010 - 9
这套《韦伯作品集》是由广西师范大学出版社从台湾远流出版公司出版的《新桥译丛》中精选出来的十余种韦伯论著组成,即包括了韦伯“世界诸宗教的经济伦理观”以及“制度论与社会学”两大系列的全部著述,囊括了这位学术大师一生的思想与研究精髓。《学术与政治》包括了韦伯小传、韦伯的政治关怀、韦伯的学术、增订版序钱永祥、价值中立与责任伦理、学术作为一种志业、政治作为一种志业等。
2017年8月18日 想读
科学在中国 (1550-1900) 豆瓣
On Their Own Terms: Science in China 1550-1900
作者: [美] 艾尔曼 译者: 原祖杰 等 中国人民大学出版社 2016 - 5
《科学在中国 (1550-1900)》是美国普林斯顿大学教授本杰明·艾尔曼在对中国学术思想多年研究的基础上,对中国1550至1900年科技发展史的一次重要探讨。17世纪初,欧洲人在钟表、杠杆和滑轮等重要机械制作上已经领先于中国了,但同时他们也在向中国人学习丝绸和瓷器 的制作技术。基督教传教士对于科学知识在中国的传播与发展无疑发挥了关键作用,无论是耶稣会科学知识与中国古代科学的嫁接,还是新教徒影响下欧洲现代科学在中国的传播,都为后来晚清改革者和国共两党精英所一致倡导的科学进步奠定了基础。与许多学者贬抑中西接触之前乃至甲午战争之前中国科技发展水平不同,艾尔曼从中国人的自然史观和学科分类等角度论证说,中国人对科学从来不乏兴趣,这也正是传教士介绍的欧洲科学能够在明、清朝野得到重视的根本原因。艾尔曼在本书中重新审视了一个被学术界一直视为当然的观点,即科学在明、清时期的中国是失败的,而在欧洲、日本是成功的。为了剥离甲午战争以来尤其是五四运动以来形成的明、清中国科学失败论的外壳,艾尔曼以惊人的耐心和毅力考察了与中国科学以及中国人科学思维相关的各个领域,向读者展示了中国人“以他们自己的方式”重构现代科学的努力。
Critical Theory, Public Policy and Planning Practice 豆瓣
作者: Forester, John State Univ of New York Pr 1993 - 7
Jurgen Habermas's critical communications theory of society has excited widespread interest in recent years. The essays in this book explore the research implications of Habermas's theory for the analysis of modern problems of public life. Spanning the spectrum of the social sciences, the essays relate critical theory to industrial policy under advanced capitalism, education, the mass media and consumerism, public participation in planning, policy analysis, and critical historical studies.John Forester is Associate Professor of City and Regional Planning at Cornell University. Critical Theory and Public Life is included in the series Studies in Contemporary German Social Thought, edited by Thomas McCarthy.
2017年8月5日 想读
现代科学的起源 豆瓣
The Origins of Modern Science: 1300-1800
作者: 赫伯特·巴特菲尔德 译者: 张卜天 上海交通大学出版社 2016
本书系“科学文化译丛”之一,是科学思想史上的一部经典著作,它第一次在历史研究中把“科学革命”一词用作核心概念,从而使这个名称广泛流行起来。本书论述了14世纪到19世纪的科学思想史,以中世纪晚期的冲力理论为开端,阐述了现代科学的兴起,描述了哥白尼、伽利略和培根等思想家在突破亚里士多德物理学方面作出的艰苦努力,并追溯了哈维、牛顿、玻意耳等科学家对其时代思维方式的影响。
2017年7月25日 想读
科学、文化与现代国家的形成 豆瓣
作者: 【英】帕特里克·卡罗尔 译者: 刘萱 / 王以芳 上海交通大学出版社 2016
本书系“科学文化译丛”之一,主要探索科学、文化与政府之间的深远关系,是对欧洲现代文化的新见解。作者从17世纪罗伯特·玻意耳的实验科学说起,提出了“工程科学”这一概念,认为新兴的机械哲学的精髓是工程实践和技术,继而考察了工程科学被引进爱尔兰殖民地的历程,并通过剖析在爱尔兰开展的绘图法、统计学和地质史、公共卫生等工程,形象地展现了科学在现代国家形成中的作用。爱尔兰现代国家的形成过程表明,科学在政治中的中心地位越来越突出,这是科学-国家网络结构发展的必然结果。
2017年7月25日 想读
二十位人性见证者 豆瓣
7.6 (10 个评分) 作者: 阮义忠 生活·读书·新知三联书店 2006 - 7
这是一本通俗而有品位的摄影艺术著作,从独特的角度切入摄影史和摄影家生平,以夹叙夹议、小故事、跳跃性的方式记述和论述了20世纪最具影响力的20位摄影家及其作品。作者的书写既简洁又丰富。
由于20世纪上半叶电影还不发达,电视刚刚起步,摄影就成为时代和社会最重要的影像记录手段,而优秀的、具有人文关怀的摄影家,就成为“人性的见证者”。他们的作品广泛地表现了社会生活现实,各色各样的人物、城市和农村、战争与和平、时间与细节……同时,这些作品都打上了强烈的个性化的印记,表达出摄影家的观念、情感以及他们观察和触摸外部世界的方式。
作者阮义忠参考数十本国外摄影名家专集,以亲切活泼的笔调介绍桑德、布列松、卡帕、阿勃丝、寇德卡……等二十位杰出摄影家的生平经历与影像风格,生动的妙喻和精辟的引文穿插其间,倍增可读性。图版之编选,采画册欣赏页形式,印刷方面力求忠于原作在色调层次与质感的要求,以利读者欣赏。
2017年7月12日 想读
一种最佳体制 豆瓣
The One Best System
作者: [美] 戴维·B·泰亚克 译者: 赵立玮 上海人民出版社 2010 - 1
城市教育体制是美国最具影响力的制度之一,本书提供了一种对于其发展过程的重要解释。同时,本书搜集了这种制度的诸多参与者(农场儿童和工厂工人、教师和督学、黑人家长和精英改革者)的观点,也探讨了这种体制的成就和失败:对移民的成功同化,伴随着种族主义和阶级偏见;给某些人提供了机会,但对其他人却是永久的不公。
作者将他生动有趣、视野开阔的历史观置于一个广泛的崭新框架之中,他检视了那些形成美国教育体制之基础的政治和惰性、意识形态和权力斗争。他运用各种社会视角和分析方法,为读者阐明了教育从乡村转向城市的思维方式超过一个世纪的变革历程。
Communication in China 豆瓣
作者: Yuezhi Zhao Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. 2008 - 3
This authoritative study explores China's rapidly evolving polity, economy, and society through the prism of its communication system. Yuezhi Zhao offers a multifaceted, interdisciplinary analysis of communication in China and its central role in the struggle for control during the country's rise to global power. The industry in all its forms-ranging from the news media to entertainment outlets to the Internet-has been a critical battleground among different social forces in this period of wrenching change. The author explores alterations in the structure and content of Chinese communication in light of the rapid evolution of state-society relations to reveal the profoundly contradictory, conflicted, and uncertain nature of China's ongoing transformation.
2017年6月15日 想读