The first English translation of Hans Reichenbach's lucid doctoral thesis sheds new light on how Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason was understood in some quarters at the time. The source of several themes in his still influential The Direction of Time, the thesis shows Reichenbach's early focus on the interdependence of physics, probability, and epistemology.

Die Informationen in diesem Buch helfen Ihnen, subtilste und
schwierigste Situationen im Geschäftsleben Amerikas zu verstehen
und zu meistern. Verhandlungsführung, das Arbeiten in und mit
amerikanischen Organisationen, gesellschaftliche Umgangsformen,
Telefonetikette - dies sind nur wenige einer Vielzahl von
Themengebieten, die in diesem überaus praktischen Buch behandelt
werden. Regionale und branchenspezifische Unterschiede werden
präzise dargestellt, ihre zumeist verborgenen Zusammenhänge
sichtbar gemacht.
Max Otte, der namhafte deutsche Unternehmen in den USA vertritt,
stellt hier seine umfangreichen Erfahrungen zur Verfügung. Die
praktischen Hinweise zu vielen Themen sind ein Gewinn für jeden,
der sich geschäftlich in den USA aufhält. Humorvoll und
theoretisch fundiert beschreibt er die Eigenheiten des American
way of life und vor allem, welche Bedeutung sie für das
Geschäftsleben haben.
Auch wenn Sie schon häufiger geschäftlich in den USA zu tun
hatten: Dieses Buch wird Ihnen neue Erkenntnisse vermitteln. Eine
äußerst sachkundige Beschreibung verborgener Zusammenhänge und
ungeschriebener Regeln, die jeder kennen sollte, der
Geschäftsaktivitäten in Amerika unterhält oder plant.

A dazzling cornucopia exploring the impact of discovery upon such great Romantic writers as Mary Shelley, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Lord Byron and John Keats.

This comprehensive textbook provides a balance of animal and human studies to discuss the dynamic field of neuroscience from cellular signaling to cognitive function. The book's length and accessible writing style make it suitable for both medical students and undergraduate neuroscience courses. Each new book includes a one-year subscription to Sylvius 4 Online.

Shows the value of the Bayesian methodology for the addressing the core issues in the field
Provides clear, comprehensive, and accessible explanations
Discusses a wide range of questions, from philosophical foundations to practical applications in science
Combines mathematical modeling with conceptual analysis, simulations, case studies, and empirical results
How should we reason in science? Jan Sprenger and Stephan Hartmann offer a refreshing take on classical topics in philosophy of science, using a single key concept to explain and to elucidate manifold aspects of scientific reasoning. They present good arguments and good inferences as being characterized by their effect on our rational degrees of belief. Refuting the view that there is no place for subjective attitudes in 'objective science', Sprenger and Hartmann explain the value of convincing evidence in terms of a cycle of variations on the theme of representing rational degrees of belief by means of subjective probabilities (and changing them by Bayesian conditionalization). In doing so, they integrate Bayesian inference—the leading theory of rationality in social science—with the practice of 21st century science. Bayesian Philosophy of Science thereby shows how modeling such attitudes improves our understanding of causes, explanations, confirming evidence, and scientific models in general. It combines a scientifically minded and mathematically sophisticated approach with conceptual analysis and attention to methodological problems of modern science, especially in statistical inference, and is therefore a valuable resource for philosophers and scientific practitioners.

Ever since the dawn of linguistics as a scientific discipline, there have been numerous attempts to find links between various languages of the world. Nowadays, it is common knowledge that most modern languages originate from several ancient languages, most notably languages of the Indo-European language family, which all derive from the Proto-Indo-European language. But could these languages possibly have links with other, entirely different ones? After all, modern China is not far away from where this Proto-Indo-European language originates. This book deals with such links, with a specific focus on German-Chinese cognates. It is based on the assumption, that literally all languages of the world are connected in some way. Our goal is to demonstrate how closely related German and Chinese really are. The author spent the last five years conducting this research and achieved remarkable results through unceasing endeavour. His comparison of words is relatively strict and carefully chosen. Cognates contained in this book are required to have the same consonant endings, as these are the most important part of the comparison. Since modern Mandarin Chinese has lost nearly all endings of Classical Chinese (preserving only -n and -ng), the author makes use of Cantonese (a Chinese dialect spoken in southern China, as well as in Hong Kong and Macao), as it retains all endings found in Classical Chinese (-n, -ng, -m, -k, -p, -t) and is therefore suitable for illustrating the astonishing similarities between the Germanic languages (most notably German, but also English) and Chinese (represented mainly by Cantonese in this book). These cognates can also be used to develop a Chinese-character-based transliteration for German and other European languages. If virtually every language can be written using a script based on Roman letters, why would the same not be possible with Chinese characters? Better yet, as opposed to the Latin script, Chinese characters not only represent a sound, but contain a meaning and show the etymology of the word as well. Cognates are expressed with the same character and words of a word group mostly share the same phonetic parts (glyphs). The meaning is contained in the radicals of Chinese characters. Creating a script based on Sinographs (characters consisting of Chinese radicals and phonetic parts) for Western languages will make language learning considerably easier. Cognates will simply be recognized instead of being searched for in etymological dictionaries. It may well promote the learning and understanding of other languages at first sight. The author, himself a passionate language learner, thereby attempts to promote and deepen cross-cultural understanding and demonstrate, that supposedly entirely different cultures (or languages) actually have much more in common than we might think.

This volume is an attempt to reconstitute the tacit knowledge - the shared, unwritten assumptions, values and understandings - that shapes the work of science. Jed Z. Buchwald uses as his focus the social and intellectual world of 19th-century German physics. Drawing on the lab notes, published papers and unpublished manuscripts of Heinrich Hertz, Buchwald recreates Hertz's 1887 invention of a device that produced electromagnetic waves in wires. The invention itself was serendipitous and the device was quickly transformed, but Hertz's early experiments led to major innovations in electrodynamics. Buchwald explores the difficulty Hertz had in reconciling the theories of other physicists, including Hermann von Helmholtz and James Clerk Maxwell, and he considers the complex and often problematic connections between theory and experiment. In this first detailed scientific biography of Hertz and his scientific community, Buchwald demonstrates that tacit knowledge can be recovered so that we can begin to identify the unspoken rules that govern scientific practice.

These imaginative thought experiments are the inventions of one of the world's eminent brain researchers. They are "vehicles," a series of hypothetical, self-operating machines that exhibit increasingly intricate if not always successful or civilized "behavior." Each of the vehicles in the series incorporates the essential features of all the earlier models and along the way they come to embody aggression, love, logic, manifestations of foresight, concept formation, creative thinking, personality, and free will. In a section of extensive biological notes, Braitenberg locates many elements of his fantasy in current brain research.Valentino Braitenberg is a director of the Max Planck Institute of Biological Cybernetics and Honorary Professor of Information Science at the University of TA1/4bingen, West Germany. A Bradford Book.

Ich traue mir zu, auch den glühendsten Esoteriker von der Schönheit eines Weltbilds zu überzeugen, in dem der Geist seinen Platz findet, dort wo er hingehört: in einer geschlossenen Darstellung der Natur.
Valentin Braitenberg
Wir leben mitten in einem üppigen Theater millionenfach variierter pflanzlicher und tierischer Formen. Sie bedecken die Oberfläche der Erde und erwecken unsere Bewunderung und unser ästhetisches Empfinden. Die GeSetze dieser Vielfalt – ihren „Geist“ also – haben wir allerdings noch kaum ergründet.
Valentin Braitenberg ist Hirnforscher und Kybernetiker. Er hat sich ein Leben lang bemüht, komplexe Verschaltungen im Gehirn als technische Lösungen verhaltensphysiologischer Aufgaben zu erklären. In diesem Buch geht seine Ambition noch einen Schritt weiter: Im Begriff der Information, der in der „künstlichen Intelligenz“ eine zentrale Rolle spielt, sieht er das Äquivalent zum „Geist in der Natur“. Mit nüchternem, wissenschaftlich-kritischem Blick und doch immer wieder augenzwinkernd präsentiert er uns die Geister, die uns umgeben – und zeigt auf ebenso unterhaltsame wie verblüffende Weise, dass sie ihren festen Platz in der Wissenschaft verdient haben. Ein uraltes philosophisches Problem wird so entzaubert.

◎ 编辑推荐
★冯内古特《五号屠场》原型，丘吉尔缄口不提的敏感事件，广受争议的盟军轰炸行动
战争结束在即，德累斯顿是合理的军事目标吗？如果说摧毁德累斯顿是犯罪，那么谁才是真正的罪犯？
★《泰晤士报》年度图书，一部独一无二的城市史，讲述艺术之城的前世今生
从典雅、文明的往日辉煌，到残酷、狂热的纳粹时期，到毁灭与重建的极端年代，一直到今天的和解与复兴。
★从空中到地下，从前线到后方，多视角叙事，完整还原灾难始末
“从计划到执行，这个故事由关键参与者以及地面上遭受攻击本身及其后果的受难者讲述。”——罗伯特·福克斯
◎ 内容简介
“一场大火从德国喷出，绕世界一圈，然后又回到了德国。”
1945年2月，末日从天而降，上千架轰炸机飞过，德累斯顿在一夜之间沦为废墟，“易北河上的佛罗伦萨”、欧洲文明的中心，被炸出了20世纪。
在二战接近尾声之际，针对德国城市和平民的无差别轰炸对战争进程几乎没有任何影响，惨痛的伤亡以及巨大的破坏引起了舆论的激烈反应。纳粹当局将盟军的攻击称作“恐怖轰炸”，英美媒体亦为德累斯顿这块瑰宝的毁灭而震惊，就连丘吉尔也对空袭的必要性产生怀疑。
究竟谁该为德累斯顿的毁灭负责？这一问题的讨论经久不衰，热烈程度甚或高于人们对广岛核爆的关注。冷战时期，德累斯顿的废墟在“铁幕”之下成了英美帝国主义恐怖暴行的物证，也刺激着大西洋两岸的反战运动。到今天，德国右翼组织仍然试图利用这一事件，以期将德国人塑造成战争罪行的受害者。
这一切的一切，都将人们的视线拉回到轰炸发生的那一夜——在德累斯顿，千百个声音正等待着世界的倾听，是时候看看那场骇人听闻的毁灭背后，隐藏着多少不为人知的秘密。
◎ 媒体评论
正直的愠怒驱动着这一扣人心弦的研究。
——马克斯·黑斯廷斯（《日本帝国衰亡》作者）
令人不安又无法抗拒。辛克莱·麦凯赋予了这个黑暗的主题以生命。
——基思·罗威（《野蛮大陆》作者）
清晰而公正地描述了空战历史中最臭名昭著、最具破坏性的空袭。从计划到执行，这个故事由关键参与者以及地面上遭受攻击本身及其后果的受难者讲述。
——罗伯特·福克斯（《我们见证过》作者）
这场火风暴及其后果为这座城市的六年战争划下了创伤性的结局，它铭刻在人们的公共记忆中，在易北河畔被火烧黑的石头上依然清晰可见。
——《金融时报》
麦凯的丰富叙事和描述天赋为我们提供了一个关于那个可怕夜晚的考究而坚定的记录。对现代历史上最具道德争议的军事行动之一，这本书是极为可读和精心制作的补遗。
——《华尔街日报》
麦凯避免直接的说教，他更关注德累斯顿人年复一年的纪念仪式以及这段历史在集体记忆中的地位。最重要的是，他为这座城市在现代的复活感到欢欣。
——《经济学人》
引人入胜、研究充分、写作有力、结构得当。献给所有对军事历史和第二次世界大战感兴趣的人。
——《图书馆杂志》（星级评论）
麦凯的广泛研究和生动书写捕捉了轰炸的恐怖和悲剧。读者不会轻易忘记这段关于毁灭的叙述。
——《出版人周刊》