本書的要旨，是要帶出十九世紀英國建立漢學與大英帝國培訓對華外交譯員的緊密關係，以及在這前題下，香港在英國漢學成立過程中的角色、位置及功能。過去討論到中國現代化的著作，都關注到中國如何通過各種翻譯活動而達到現代革新。事實上，不闇中國事務的英國，能夠在中國現代轉化過程中攫取準確的中國情報，讓英國國會及外交部釐訂適時及時的中國政策，大量的在華的英藉譯員功不可沒。這些英籍譯員均長時間在香港及中國生活，掌握中國第一手政情及民情，他們的另一特色，是他們結束遠東外交及政治生涯後，被英國最高學府羅致成為首任中文教授，他們遂利用自己的外交經驗、在地中國知識、管理殖民地願景得出來的一套實用中文知識，建構出有別於歐洲的漢學理念，奠下十九世紀創立的英國漢學基石。

This is the definitive visual guide to 5,000 years of British history. "The History of Britain & Ireland" traces the key events that have shaped the British Isles. From the Elizabethan age of Shakespeare to the Iraq and Afghan wars of the 21st century, this beautifully illustrated book offers a definitive visual chronicle of the most colourful and defining episodes in British history. Packed with visually arresting illustrations and clear, concise text, you can now explore the long and fascinating story of the British Isles. It includes profiles of key people in history such as Geoffrey Chaucer, Alfred the Great, Charles Dickens, Queen Elizabeth I and Winston Churchill. "The History of Britain & Ireland" is ideal as a family reference for the home as well as a key history companion for schools.

The Austro-Hungarian army that marched east and south to confront the Russians and Serbs in the opening campaigns of World War I had a glorious past but a pitiful present. Speaking a mystifying array of languages and lugging outdated weapons, the Austrian troops were hopelessly unprepared for the industrialized warfare that would shortly consume Europe.
As prizewinning historian Geoffrey Wawro explains in A Mad Catastrophe, the doomed Austrian conscripts were an unfortunate microcosm of the Austro-Hungarian Empire itself—both equally ripe for destruction. After the assassination of the Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand in June 1914, Germany goaded the Empire into a war with Russia and Serbia. With the Germans massing their forces in the west to engage the French and the British, everything—the course of the war and the fate of empires and alliances from Constantinople to London—hinged on the Habsburgs’ ability to crush Serbia and keep the Russians at bay. However, Austria-Hungary had been rotting from within for years, hollowed out by repression, cynicism, and corruption at the highest levels. Commanded by a dying emperor, Franz Joseph I, and a querulous celebrity general, Conrad von Hötzendorf, the Austro-Hungarians managed to bungle everything: their ultimatum to the Serbs, their declarations of war, their mobilization, and the pivotal battles in Galicia and Serbia. By the end of 1914, the Habsburg army lay in ruins and the outcome of the war seemed all but decided.
Drawing on deep archival research, Wawro charts the decline of the Empire before the war and reconstructs the great battles in the east and the Balkans in thrilling and tragic detail. A Mad Catastrophe is a riveting account of a neglected face of World War I, revealing how a once-mighty empire collapsed in the trenches of Serbia and the Eastern Front, changing the course of European history.

As fitting for the twenty-first century as von Clausewitz’s On War was in its own time, Invisible Armies is a complete global history of guerrilla uprisings through the ages.
Beginning with the first insurgencies in the ancient world―when Alexander the Great discovered that fleet nomads were harder to defeat than massive conventional armies―Max Boot, best-selling author and military advisor in Iraq and Afghanistan, masterfully guides us from the Jewish rebellion against the Roman Empire up through the horrors of the French-Indochina War and the shadowy, post-9/11 battlefields of today. Relying on a diverse cast of unforgettable characters―not only Mao and Che but also the legendary Italian nationalist Giuseppe Garibaldi, the archaeologist-turned–military commander T. E. Lawrence, and the “Quiet American” Edward Lansdale, among others―Boot explodes everything we thought we knew about unconventional combat. The result is both an enthralling read and our most important work on nontraditional warfare. 70 illustrations; 8 maps

International trade has shaped the modern world, yet until now no single book has been available for both economists and general readers that traces the history of the international economy from its earliest beginnings to the present day. Power and Plenty fills this gap, providing the first full account of world trade and development over the course of the last millennium. Ronald Findlay and Kevin O'Rourke examine the successive waves of globalization and "deglobalization" that have occurred during the past thousand years, looking closely at the technological and political causes behind these long-term trends. They show how the expansion and contraction of the world economy has been directly tied to the two-way interplay of trade and geopolitics, and how war and peace have been critical determinants of international trade over the very long run.The story they tell is sweeping in scope, one that links the emergence of the Western economies with economic and political developments throughout Eurasia centuries ago. Drawing extensively upon empirical evidence and informing their systematic analysis with insights from contemporary economic theory, Findlay and O'Rourke demonstrate the close interrelationships of trade and warfare, the mutual interdependence of the world's different regions, and the crucial role these factors have played in explaining modern economic growth. "Power and Plenty" is a must-read for anyone seeking to understand the origins of today's international economy, the forces that continue to shape it, and the economic and political challenges confronting policymakers in the twenty-first century.

'A fascinating book, well written and forcefully argued...Luttwak's formulations are as refreshing as they are convincing...He has done for Roman historians what they have not done for themselves.' -Z. Yavetz, New Republic

葛兆光教授十年前開始推動「從周邊看中國」研究計劃，把日本、韓國、越南等地保存的有關中國史資料作為「新材料」，試圖提供重新認識東亞和中國的多重視角與立場。為此，葛教授陸續出版了《宅茲中國：重建有關「中國」的歷史論述》、《何為中國？—疆域、民族、文化與歷史》等著作，在國際學界受到廣泛關注。本書是葛兆光教授有關東亞與中國研究系列論著之一。為了對「周邊」及其相對應的「中國」概念做一個清晰的界定，作者在這本書中梳理歷史上中國疆域、族群和文化的移動與交錯，說明「內」與「外」之變化，並嘗試溝通原本分屬中外關係史、中國民族史（包括「邊疆民族」）、歷史地理學（包括「邊疆史地」）、全球史（和區域史）等各學術領域的資料和方法。

For two thousand years the disparate groups that now reside in Zomia (a mountainous region the size of Europe that consists of portions of seven Asian countries) have fled the projects of the organized state societies that surround them?slavery, conscription, taxes, corvée labor, epidemics, and warfare. This book, essentially an ?anarchist history,? is the first-ever examination of the huge literature on state-making whose author evaluates why people would deliberately and reactively remain stateless. Among the strategies employed by the people of Zomia to remain stateless are physical dispersion in rugged terrain; agricultural practices that enhance mobility; pliable ethnic identities; devotion to prophetic, millenarian leaders; and maintenance of a largely oral culture that allows them to reinvent their histories and genealogies as they move between and around states.
In accessible language, James Scott, recognized worldwide as an eminent authority in Southeast Asian, peasant, and agrarian studies, tells the story of the peoples of Zomia and their unlikely odyssey in search of self-determination. He redefines our views on Asian politics, history, demographics, and even our fundamental ideas about what constitutes civilization, and challenges us with a radically different approach to history that presents events from the perspective of stateless peoples and redefines state-making as a form of ?internal colonialism.? This new perspective requires a radical reevaluation of the civilizational narratives of the lowland states. Scott?s work on Zomia represents a new way to think of area studies that will be applicable to other runaway, fugitive, and marooned communities, be they Gypsies, Cossacks, tribes fleeing slave raiders, Marsh Arabs, or San-Bushmen.

for Dietlind and Olivia
Edith,Louisa, and Samuel

In this remarkably wide-ranging book Professor Lowenthal analyses the ever-changing role of the past in shaping our lives. A heritage at once nurturing and burdensome, the past allows us to make sense of the present whilst imposing powerful constraints upon the way that present develops. Some aspects of the past are celebrated, others expunged, as each generation reshapes its legacy in line with current needs. Drawing on all the arts, the humanities and the social sciences, the author uses sources as diverse as science fiction and psychoanalysis to examine how rebellion against inherited tradition has given rise to the modern cult of preservation and pervasive nostalgia. Profusely illustrated, The Past is a Foreign Country shows that although the past has ceased to be a sanction for inherited power or privilege, as a focus of personal and national identity and as a bulwark against massive and distressing change it remains as potent a force as ever in human affairs.

《大义觉迷录》是一部奇书！它是怎样的一部奇书？有离奇的故事吗？没有。有精彩飞扬的文学吗？没有。有曲折的故事吗？没有。有高深的哲理吗？也没有。严格说，这并不是一部真正的有棱有角的书，它只是一个档案卷宗，一桩谋反案的卷宗。
一个档案卷宗，何奇之有？它奇就奇在这个档案卷宗，是清朝盛世雍正皇帝自编纂的为自己鸣冤的自白书。请听雍正自己怎么说的？雍正说：
朕之心可以对上天，可以对皇考，可以共白于天下之亿万臣民。
皇帝鸣冤，剖示心迹，告谕臣民，此第一奇也。
众所周知，雍正皇帝是康熙皇帝的第四皇子，名允禛，他不该得皇位。康熙晚年两度废皇太子允礽，形成皇储斗争。雍正机权干略，高人一筹，他收拾掉了允祀、允（礻题）、允（礻唐）等几个争皇位的兄弟，才登上了宝座，乾纲独断，刚毅戾深，蜂目豺声，是标准版的秦始皇第二。史称秦始皇“天下之事无小大皆决于上，上至以衡石量书，日夜有呈，不中呈不得休息。”被骂为“贪于权势至如此”。（《史记·秦始皇本纪》）。雍正皇帝朝乾夕惕，批鉴奏章，事无巨细，大权独揽，比起秦始皇有过之而不及。雍正帝留下的满汉文朱批谕旨有几千万字，平均每天下笔七八千言，日理万机夜以继日，实实在在是累死的。当然这也是“贪于权势至如此”，不免落下骂名。雍正是一个改革的皇帝，即位伊始，雷厉风行，清查钱粮，改革积弊，耗羡归公，惩贪追赃，实行养廉银制度，摊丁入亩，打击不法绅衿，得罪了不少的人。雍正当世就落下骂名，被舆论说成是篡逆的伪君，不讲人伦的畜类，是一个凶残不仁的暴君。湖南落榜秀才曾静归纳条理成十大罪：害父、逼母、弑史、屠弟、贪财、好杀、酗洒、淫色、诛忠、任佞。又说，满人夷狄，入主中原，得统不正，导致天怒人怨，天崩地塌，灾害不断，人民处于水深火热之中。因之曾静上书岳钟琪，策动造反，推翻清朝。曾静还说五星聚，黄河清，合该轮到他做皇帝。这是该当凌迟处斩、灭宗灭族的大逆之罪。雍正乾断结案，说什么曾静不是主犯，乃是上当受骗，可以赦免，揪出死了近半个世纪的浙江吕留良做垫背，说吕留良著书立说害死人，才是真正的罪魁。吕留良被开棺戮尸，满门抄斩。这桩由曾静造反案引出吕留良文字狱案，合称曾吕案，经过四年专案调查审讯，处理结果重吕轻曾，震骇王公大臣和天下臣民，雍正自称为“出奇料理”。真是帝王断案，与众不同，赦了主犯，灭门死人，此第二奇也。
秦始皇统一思想，焚书坑儒。雍正统一思想，搞全国运动，称为“观风整俗”。曾静谋反，著书立说，骂得雍正狗血淋头，雍正不怒不恼，说什么要对曾静实行思想改造，脱胎换骨，重做新人。死刑重犯，可以看中枢机密文件。审案不用刑逼，坚持说理，要求罪犯写检讨。皇恩沐浴，曾静在灵魂深处开刀，果然奇效，“昔日为禽兽，今日转人胎”，一个灭族重犯，居然脱胎换骨，成为吃皇粮的观风整俗的宣传人员。批判洗脑，必造灵魂，雍正特创，此第三奇也。
雍正自信，认为大义觉迷，真理化人，“无物不可化诲”。谋反谰言，不实之词，不必隐讳，布告天下，全国批判，可以化毒草为肥料。雍正特谕说：
着将吕留良、严鸿逵、曾静等悖逆之言及联谕旨，一一刊刻，通行颁布天下各府州县远乡僻壤，俾读书士子及乡曲小民共知之。并令各贮一册于学官之中，使将来后学新进之士，人人观览知悉。倘有未见此书、未闻朕旨者，经朕随时察出，定将该省学政及该县教官从重治罪。特谕。
内容包括，雍正皇帝的十道上谕，曾静以罪犯被审讯的口供形式写出的检讨和读书体会，反映了这个造反重犯思想改造的全过程和改过方法，附录曾静的忏悔书《归仁说》。全书四卷，约十二万言。题名之义，上谕称：“特以天经地义、纲常伦理之大道，使愚昧无知、平日为邪说陷溺之人，豁然醒悟，不致遭天谴而罹法。”即用纲常伦理之大义，君臣之伦的天理，去排除无礼义无廉耻之锢蔽，觉无父无君之愚蒙。通过刊布《大义觉迷录》，在全国范围宣讲，开展观风整俗的思想教育运动，以使大清之民，拥护清朝统治。这也是亘古以来未有，雍正皇帝的独家发明。此第四奇也。
雍正驾崩，儿子乾隆即位，还没有改年号，不到两个月，一切又翻了过来。乾隆圣谕，着将曾静、张熙凌迟处死，下令毁《大义觉迷录》，列为禁书。此第五奇也。
综上所述，《大义觉迷录》有五奇：皇帝受谤，自白辩诬，一奇；赦免造反重犯，拉个死人灭门，二奇；改造极刑重犯，脱胎换骨做新人，三奇；刊布谋反档案，开展批判运动，四奇；老子编的宝书，全国士子必读，儿子谕令禁毁，五奇。有些五奇，亘古罕闻，还不是一部奇书么？
雍正是一个临近近代门坎的封建皇帝，又是一个大有为之君。中国历史上有三大治世和盛世，西汉“文景之治”，唐代“贞观之治”，清代“康乾之治”。三大盛世以清代“康乾之治”最为持久。“康乾之治”实际上经历了三代皇帝，即康熙、雍正、乾隆。因此正确地完整地说，应称“康雍乾之治”。
康熙帝六十一年，雍正帝十三年，乾隆帝六十年，合计一百三十四年，恰好占有大清朝一代立国二百六十八年（1644—1911）之半，持续了一个世纪又三分之一世纪，如此长久承平，可谓盛况空前。清代盛世，改革最多，国力最强，版图最大，奠定了中国今日之疆域和民族大家庭，是中国历史上最辉煌的篇章之一。雍正改革，承先启后，在康雍乾三帝中，执政最短而成绩最大。雍正处理政务，独出心裁，“出奇料理”曾吕案就是一个显例。康熙末国库储银才八百万两，雍正五年国库储银达五千万两。即此一端，可见政绩非凡，真是奇绝妙绝。
在政治斗争中，没有仁义可言。雍正夺嫡，是皇家自己家门事，当然事关国体，论其中曲直是非，要切在国计民生上。民间传说，野史小说，大都贬斥雍正，最集中的是说他“改诏夺位”、“骨肉相残”、“不得善终”三大恶名。雍正不是样样都好，对待政敌残暴不仁，这正是他的成功秘诀，在朕即国家的时代，何可苛责，天下乌鸦均是一般黑。阿其那、塞思黑上台，未必对雍正就有仁慈之举。政治斗争如同战场厮杀，不是你死就是我亡，哪有温良恭俭让可言。帝王的历史定评，最终要落实在兴国仁民这四字上。历史不诬古人。本书解读雍正皇帝的自白，领略他的治国手段、战斗奇招与帝王之术，可以增长见识，启迪思维，促进成熟，冷眼看世事，是很有意义的。雍正好与人斗，其乐无穷，总是手握胜券，其战斗艺术，令人拍案惊奇。雍正称思想改造为“大义觉迷”，本书提供了鲜活的榜样，将使你无尽叹惋！本书半文半白，不难读懂。人们看一看雍正是如何批判一个走火入魔的古代知识分子，读一读这个脱了胎换了骨的书呆子的检讨、体会，即审讯口供挺有意思。我们深信这本记录一件全国大案、要案的实录，是能引人入胜的，颇能启迪思维的。本书最积极的部分，是雍正皇帝辩白少数民族入主中原为合法，宣扬民族大家庭的第一道特谕。这道特谕做了全文串释，意义在此。

Description
Contents
Resources
Courses
About the Authors
Today's world textile and garment trade is valued at a staggering $425 billion. We are told that under the pressure of increasing globalisation, it is India and China that are the new world manufacturing powerhouses. However, this is not a new phenomenon: until the industrial revolution, Asia manufactured great quantities of colourful printed cottons that were sold to places as far afield as Japan, West Africa and Europe. Cotton explores this earlier globalised economy and its transformation after 1750 as cotton led the way in the industrialisation of Europe. By the early nineteenth century, India, China and the Ottoman Empire switched from world producers to buyers of European cotton textiles, a position that they retained for over two hundred years. This is a fascinating and insightful story which ranges from Asian and European technologies and African slavery to cotton plantations in the Americas and consumer desires across the globe.
The first historical account of the role of cotton textiles in transforming the world economy over the past millennium
Shows how Europe's road to cultural development and economic growth was brought about by Asian technologies, African labour, and American raw materials and consumer markets
Richly illustrated including images of cloth, clothing and contemporary manufacturing processes
Awards
Winner of the 2014 World History Association Bentley Book Prize
Reviews & endorsements
'… a remarkable volume full of insight and originality … Riello deserves a wide audience and the book will be of interest to a readership well beyond the audience for world economic history, including cultural and social history, the histories of art, design, fashion and, of course, textiles themselves.' Reviews in History (history.ac.uk/reviews)
'Mr Riello's meticulous approach and scholarly prose make for a dense work but one that is wide-ranging, beautifully nuanced and often surprising. Like its namesake, Cotton deserves a wide circulation.' The Wall Street Journal
'Reveals much about globalisation …' Financial Times
'This is a brilliant study of two periods of globalization, centered and driven first by twelfth- to seventeenth-century Indian production of cotton textiles, and second by the gradual triumph of Europe, particularly Britain, beginning in the eighteenth century. Essential.' B. Weinstein, Choice
'… strikingly broad in coverage and even bolder in the sweep of its claims, geographical, chronological and methodological … [a] rich and elaborate work.' Eric Jones, EH.Net
'Giorgio Riello's important and ambitious study on cotton overlaps a bit with books in the commodity history genre, but it is incontrovertibly more. The author's primary aim is not merely to fill a gap but rather to contribute to our understanding of nothing less than the origins of modern economic growth and development. This short review can only hint at the wealth of important data and insights (not to mention the stunning illustrations) to be found in this book.' Peter A. Coclanis, Journal of Southern History
'This is a beautiful book, packed with dozens of rich photographs of cotton fabric and contemporary paintings … Riello preserves a level of nuance and contingency rare in global histories. He has written an insightful economic history of cotton that should find a wide reading among economic historians and historians of the Atlantic world.' Andrew C. Baker, The South Carolina Historical Magazine
Read more at http://www.cambridge.org/gb/academic/subjects/history/global-history/cotton-fabric-made-modern-world#LwBDuGd5eKTswMlu.99

The Fashion History Reader is an innovative work that provides a broad introduction to the complex literature in the fields of fashion studies, and dress and fashion history.
A comprehensive resource for those who wish to further their engagement with fashion as a contemporary phenomenon, the book connects a diverse range of approaches and incorporates non-Western literature within better-known studies from Europe and North America.
It identifies the history of fashion as a meeting point between the long-standing historical investigation of ‘dress’ and ‘costume’ and the more recent development of those sociological and anthropological-inspired studies that have come to be called ‘fashion theory’.
Twenty-three chapters and over forty shorter ‘Snapshot’ texts cover a wide range of topics and approaches within the history of fashion, ranging from object-based studies to theory-driven analyses. The book is divided into six parts, surveying some of the key themes in the history of fashion. Themes also move in and across time, providing a chronology to enable student learning:
* parts 1-3 cover the 15th to the 18th century
* parts 4 and 5 cover the 19th century to the contemporary (with particular attention given to non-European countries)
* and part 6 provides a survey of the global setting and current globalised nature of fashion.
A comprehensive introduction by the editors will contextualise debates for students, synthesising past history and bringing them up to date through a discussion of globalisation. Each section also includes a short, accessible introduction by the editors, placing each chapter within the wider, thematic treatment of fashion and its history, and an Annotated Guide to Further Reading encourages students to enhance their learning independently.

In 1957 Ernst Kantorowicz published a book that would be the guide for generations of scholars through the arcane mysteries of medieval political theology. In The King's Two Bodies, Kantorowicz traces the historical problem posed by the "King's two bodies"--the body politic and the body natural--back to the Middle Ages and demonstrates, by placing the concept in its proper setting of medieval thought and political theory, how the early-modern Western monarchies gradually began to develop a "political theology."
The king's natural body has physical attributes, suffers, and dies, naturally, as do all humans; but the king's other body, the spiritual body, transcends the earthly and serves as a symbol of his office as majesty with the divine right to rule. The notion of the two bodies allowed for the continuity of monarchy even when the monarch died, as summed up in the formulation "The king is dead. Long live the king."
Bringing together liturgical works, images, and polemical material, The King's Two Bodies explores the long Christian past behind this "political theology." It provides a subtle history of how commonwealths developed symbolic means for establishing their sovereignty and, with such means, began to establish early forms of the nation-state.
Kantorowicz fled Nazi Germany in 1938, after refusing to sign a Nazi loyalty oath, and settled in the United States. While teaching at the University of California, Berkeley, he once again refused to sign an oath of allegiance, this one designed to identify Communist Party sympathizers. He resigned as a result of the controversy and moved to the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, where he remained for the rest of his life, and where he wrote The King's Two Bodies.