歷史
清亡启示录 豆瓣
作者: 马勇 2012 - 11
《清亡启示录》讲述了一个王朝为何会在一百天的危机中走进历史。历史无法遗憾,也不必惋惜,走过的就是走过了。只是一百年后回望大清王朝,特别是分析这个貌似强大的王朝为什么在一场危机面前不堪一击,这个过程究竟有哪些教训可以汲取?这是这本《清亡启示录》探究的问题。
2012是清帝退位的100周年,《清亡启示录》重点叙述分析了清朝最后十几年走过的路,从1894年开始的维新时代到1901年开始新政到之后的君主立宪预备,清廷挣扎着改革,以试图挽救风雨飘摇的大清帝国,然后最后清廷的几个失误使得所有的努力前功尽弃,最终使得大清走进历史。
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Germany and Republican China 豆瓣 Goodreads
所属 作品: 德国与中华民国
作者: William C. Kirby Stanford University Press 1984 - 4
本书是一部研究近代中德关系史的名著。作者充分利用美国、德国、中国大陆和台湾的历史档案,论述了1928—1938年中德亲近关系建立后德国对中华民国的政权建设、军事制度、工业经济以及意识形态发展所起到的重要影Ⅱ向,指出了近代中国对现代化模式的选择并不只是接受西方的思想和文化,更在于与西方在政治、经济、军事等领域的实质性接触。美国《亚洲研究》和《太平洋事务》以及香港《二十一世纪》等书评认为,本书是研究中德关系史的一本“难以超越”的著作,是关于中华民国史和中国近代史的一项“极其出色”的成就。
数学与人类文明 豆瓣
所属 作品: 数学简史
作者: 蔡天新 浙江大学出版社 2008 - 1
《普通高等教育"十一五"国家级规划教材·科学通识系列丛书·数学与人类文明》跨越了不同的地域和种族,依次探讨了数学与不同文明之间的关系,并各有侧重,包括埃及、巴比伦、希腊、中国、印度、阿拉伯;至于近代文明,我们考察了文艺复兴的艺术与几何学、工业革命与微积分、法国大革命与应用数学的关系。
对现代数学与现代文明进行阐述和比较,是《化学与人类文明》的一个特色。至于古典部分,也着力发现有现代意义的亮点。19世纪,数学和艺术同时从古典进入现代;20世纪以来,抽象化成为数学和人文学科的共性;哲学与数学的再次交汇产生了维特根斯坦和哥德尔定理。
难以企及的人物 豆瓣
所属 作品: 难以企及的人物
作者: 蔡天新 广西师范大学出版社 2009 - 5
本书由十七篇随笔和一则访谈组成,主要探讨了数学史上各个时期的代表性人物,他们的内心世界、成长经历和成材环境,他们的贡献、思想、个性和生活观念。这些伟大的数学家,有的在人文领域也有杰出贡献,如毕达哥拉斯、海亚姆、笛卡尔、帕斯卡尔、莱布尼茨、庞加莱,有的则个人经历富有传奇色彩,如费尔马、牛顿、欧拉、高斯、希尔伯特、拉曼纽扬、爱多士。此外,本书选取东西方两个民族——法兰西人和阿拉伯人加以探讨,前者在数学史上做出了极其重要的贡献,后保存、传播并发扬了东方和古希腊数学的精华。至于数学与文学、政治的关系,这是两个非常让人感兴趣的话题,尤其针对当前中学就已文理分科的情况,本书提出一些全新的观点,其中一篇入选上海市中学语文读本。最后两篇也是关于数学的外延,一篇是为数学家撰写的悬疑小说所作的导读,另一篇则是答应届大学毕业生问。
所有文章均曾发表在《读书》《万象》《书城》《书屋》《科学》《自然》《数学通报》《中国数学会育讯》《南方周末》和《中华读书报》,此次修订结集,配有多幅照片,作者曾抵达拍摄书中每个主角生活过的国度。
America's Assembly Line 豆瓣
所属 作品: 百年流水线
作者: David E. Nye MIT Press 2013 - 2
The assembly line was invented in 1913 and has been in continuous operation ever since. It is the most familiar form of mass production. Both praised as a boon to workers and condemned for exploiting them, it has been celebrated and satirized. (We can still picture Chaplin's little tramp trying to keep up with a factory conveyor belt.) In America's Assembly Line, David Nye examines the industrial innovation that made the United States productive and wealthy in the twentieth century. The assembly line -- developed at the Ford Motor Company in 1913 for the mass production of Model Ts -- first created and then served an expanding mass market. It inspired fiction, paintings, photographs, comedy, cafeteria layouts, and cookie-cutter suburban housing. It also transformed industrial labor and provoked strikes and union drives. During World War II and the Cold War, it was often seen as a bastion of liberty and capitalism. By 1980, Japan had reinvented the assembly line as a system of "lean manufacturing"; American industry reluctantly adopted this new approach. Nye describes this evolution and the new global landscape of increasingly automated factories, with fewer industrial jobs in America and questionable working conditions in developing countries. A century after Ford's pioneering innovation, the assembly line continues to evolve toward more sustainable manufacturing.
Consuming Power 豆瓣
作者: David E. Nye The MIT Press 1999 - 2
How did the United States become the world's largest consumer of energy? David Nye shows that this is less a question about the development of technology than it is a question about the development of culture. In Consuming Power Nye uses energy as a touchstone to examine the lives of ordinary people engaged in normal activities. He looks at how these activities changed as new energy systems were constructed, from colonial times to recent years. He also shows how, as Americans incorporated new machines and processes into their lives, they became ensnared in power systems that were not easily changed: they made choices about the conduct of their lives, and those choices accumulated to produce a consuming culture.Nye examines a sequence of large systems that acquired and then lost technological momentum over the course of American history, including water power, steam power, electricity, the internal-combustion engine, atomic power, and computerization. He shows how each system became part of a larger set of social constructions through its links to the home, the factory, and the city. The result is a social history of America as seen through the lens of energy consumption.
When the Lights Went Out 豆瓣
作者: David E. Nye The MIT Press 2010 - 3
Blackouts—whether they result from military planning, network failure, human error, or terrorism—offer snapshots of electricity's increasingly central role in American society.
Where were you when the lights went out? At home during a thunderstorm? During the Great Northeastern Blackout of 1965? In California when rolling blackouts hit in 2000? In 2003, when a cascading power failure left fifty million people without electricity? We often remember vividly our time in the dark. In When the Lights Went Out, David Nye views power outages in America from 1935 to the present not simply as technical failures but variously as military tactic, social disruption, crisis in the networked city, outcome of political and economic decisions, sudden encounter with sublimity, and memories enshrined in photographs. Our electrically lit-up life is so natural to us that when the lights go off, the darkness seems abnormal.
Nye looks at America's development of its electrical grid, which made large-scale power failures possible and a series of blackouts from military blackouts to the “greenout” (exemplified by the new tradition of “Earth Hour”), a voluntary reduction organized by environmental organizations.
Blackouts, writes Nye, are breaks in the flow of social time that reveal much about the trajectory of American history. Each time one occurs, Americans confront their essential condition—not as isolated individuals, but as a community that increasingly binds itself together with electrical wires and signals.
Image Worlds 豆瓣
作者: David E. Nye The MIT Press 1985 - 8
By viewing the corporation as a communicator, Image Worlds links the histories of labor, business, consumption, engineering, and photography, providing a new perspective on one of the largest and most representative corporations. General Electric was one of the first modern industrial corporations to use photographs and other media resources to create images of itself; and the GE archives, comprising well over a million images, form one of the largest privately held collections in the world. To produce this venturesome book, David Nye has used these vast archives to develop a new approach to corporate ideology through corporate iconography.Image Worlds embraces symbols, intentional signs, and photographs on the one hand and the history of institutional and technological development on the other. It views photography as a developing technology with a history of its own, and presents the corporation as a communicator as well as a producer and employer.Illustrated with nearly 60 photographs from the archives, the book identifies five "image markets" that GE sought to organize and address. Company engineers, workers, and managers received publications designed to appeal to their presumed interests. Some of these grew into public journals with a scientific-educational mission; others were restricted in circulation even within the company. At the same time, illustrated mass-media advertising was created to reach potential consumers of GE products. Advertising that presented an image of GE as a place where "progress was the most important product." While GE was promoting this enlightened image, the company was also using its resources to reach the voting public, hoping to gain their support for private electrification in the national debate over municipal power.David E. Nye is Associate Professor of American History at Odense University in Denmark.
Anyuan 豆瓣
所属 作品: 安源
作者: Elizabeth J. Perry University of California Press 2012 - 10
How do we explain the surprising trajectory of the Chinese Communist revolution? Why has it taken such a different route from its Russian prototype? An answer, Elizabeth Perry suggests, lies in the Chinese Communists' creative development and deployment of cultural resources - during their revolutionary rise to power and afterwards. Skillful "cultural positioning" and "cultural patronage," on the part of Mao Zedong, his comrades and successors, helped to construct a polity in which a once alien Communist system came to be accepted as familiarly "Chinese." Perry traces this process through a case study of the Anyuan coal mine, a place where Mao and other early leaders of the Chinese Communist Party mobilized an influential labor movement at the beginning of their revolution, and whose history later became a touchstone of "political correctness" in the People's Republic of China. Once known as "China's Little Moscow," Anyuan came over time to symbolize a distinctively Chinese revolutionary tradition. Yet the meanings of that tradition remain highly contested, as contemporary Chinese debate their revolutionary past in search of a new political future.
The New Korea 豆瓣
作者: Myung Oak Kim / Sam Jaffe AMACOM/American Management Association 2010 - 4
In 1953, South Korea was rated by the U.N. as the poorest country in the world. Five decades later, it is the fifteenth largest economy. Now, South Korea's decisions on how to manage its society and its role as a modern democracy while also establishing its policy regarding reunification with North Korea will determine where the country will go in the next fifty years. "The New Korea" examines the political, economic, industrial, and societal aspects of Korea today. Will it continue to enjoy an economic boom through new industries while competing against low-wage countries like China and India? Will it return to its role as a stomping ground for other powers? And what should Westerners pay attention to in terms of investment and business opportunities? As South Korea enters the most critical phase of its journey, it is crucial that we understand the factors involving its decisions and evolution. "The New Korea" is a fascinating account of what is and may become the state of this important region.
The Great Thoughts 豆瓣
作者: Seldes, George (EDT)/ Seldes, George (COM) Ballantine Books 1996 - 5
Upon its publication, George Seldes's The Great Thoughts instantly took its place as a classic--a treasure house of the seminal ideas that have shaped the intellectual history of the world down through the ages. Seldes, a pivotal figure in the history of American journalism and a tireless researcher, spent the better part of his extraordinary lifetime compiling the thoughts that rule the world, casting his net widely and wisely through the essential works of philosophy, poetry, psychology, economics, politics, memoirs, and letters from the ancient Greeks to the modern Americans.
Now Seldes's splendid and important work has been revised and updated to include the great thoughts that have changed our world in the decade since the book's first appearance. Quotations from leaders as varied as Nelson Mandela, Lech Walesa, Yitzak Rabin, Newt Gingrich, and Jesse Jackson reflect the radical shifts in the world political scene. Toni Morrison and Cornel West speak out on the enduring vitality of African-American culture. Alvin Toffler and Arthur C. Clarke give us a glimpse into the future. Gloria Steinem and Monique Wittig define the motives and the goals of late twentieth-century feminism. Rachel Carson, Aldo Leopold, and Wallace Stegner ponder the meaning of wilderness in an increasingly populated and industrialized world. These and scores of other thinkers in all major disciplines have added their voices to this new edition of The Great Thoughts .
USA Today praised the first edition of The Great Thoughts as "a browser's delight." The work of a lifetime, brought up-to-date to reflect the global upheaval of the past decade, The Great Thoughts stands alone as an enduring achievement and an invaluable resource.
Ancient Chinese Thought, Modern Chinese Power 豆瓣
所属 作品: Ancient Chinese Thought, Modern Chinese Power
作者: Yan Xuetong 译者: Edmund Ryden Princeton University Press 2011 - 4
The rise of China could be the most important political development of the twenty-first century. What will China look like in the future? What should it look like? And what will China's rise mean for the rest of world? This book, written by China's most influential foreign policy thinker, sets out a vision for the coming decades from China's point of view.
In the West, Yan Xuetong is often regarded as a hawkish policy advisor and enemy of liberal internationalists. But a very different picture emerges from this book, as Yan examines the lessons of ancient Chinese political thought for the future of China and the development of a "Beijing consensus" in international relations. Yan, it becomes clear, is neither a communist who believes that economic might is the key to national power, nor a neoconservative who believes that China should rely on military might to get its way. Rather, Yan argues, political leadership is the key to national power, and morality is an essential part of political leadership. Economic and military might are important components of national power, but they are secondary to political leaders who act in accordance with moral norms, and the same holds true in determining the hierarchy of the global order.
Providing new insights into the thinking of one of China's leading foreign policy figures, this book will be essential reading for anyone interested in China's rise or in international relations.
战后美国在日本的软实力 豆瓣
所属 作品: 战后美国在日本的软实力
作者: [日]松田武 译者: 金琮轩 商务印书馆 2014 - 1
从1945年至1952年,美国对日本实行了长达6年零8个月的占领。在美国人看来——甚至相当一部分日本人也这样认为——美国的对日占领取得了极大的成功,因为在占领结束后,日本实现了民主主义、经济繁荣并且其军事力量得到了抑制。美国也因此为他们在战败国日本推行并实施的一系列政治、经济、文化政策打上“成功”的标签。甚至在半个世纪之后的今天,对日占领仍然会被当作一个“有价值的”典型案例出现在美国的政治宣传中。
但是松田教授从另一个完全不同的角度研究了这段历史。他专注于美国的文化政策领域,试图探寻“占领”留下的种种隐形遗产。通过搜集、梳理大量珍贵的史料以及后续的解密档案,作者挖掘出了一系列令人不太愉快的事实:二战结束后六十多年来的日美关系并非真正意义上的平等、友好、健全的两国关系,有着超强民族自尊心的日本实际上在精神上和心理上已经形成了对美国的半永久性依存,而这一切均源自于美国在日本推行的文化政策。
医学史 豆瓣
A History of Medicine 所属 作品: 医学史
作者: (意) 卡斯蒂廖尼 译者: 程之范 / 甄橙 等 译林出版社 2013 - 8
本书是传统型的医学史著作,融医学思想史、医学状况史和医学人物史为一体,内容丰富而精湛。书中汇集了医学史上关于古代传说、重要人物、医学发现和基本事实的翔实资料,深刻地阐明了医学进步与文明进化之间的密切关系。在这部巨著中,卡斯蒂廖尼为我们留下了珍贵的至理名言:“医 学是随着 人类痛苦的最初表达和减轻这份痛苦的最初愿望而诞生的。”在他看来,医学史不仅是一部技术成就史,还是一部艺术与精神追求史;医学史不只是事实的历史,也是人物的历史,更是观念的历史。
本次再版对上一版进行了诸多校订,并增加了上一版所删去的《远东的医学》(中国医学史)一章,使这本著作能够以全貌展现在中国读者面前。
薛飞自述 豆瓣
作者: 薛飞 2014 - 1
作者曾是我国著名的电视节目主持人。20世纪90年代初期,他辞职远赴匈牙利,在异国摸爬滚打、艰苦创业十年,如今回首这段蹉跎岁月,令他感慨万千。《薛飞自述:我在匈牙利的日子》将作者在匈牙利十年的心酸体验与奋斗故事逐一娓娓道来,全方位、多角度地真实呈现了作者别样的处世方式、人生经历与情感之路。是一部披肝沥胆、吐露心声的励志佳作。
Greek Mathematical Thought and the Origin of Algebra Goodreads 豆瓣
Greek Mathematical Thought and the Origin of Algebra
作者: Jacob Klein 译者: Eva Brann Dover Publications 1992 - 9
Important study focuses on the revival and assimilation of ancient Greek mathematics in the 13th–16th centuries, via Arabic science, and the 16th-century development of symbolic algebra. This brought about the crucial change in the concept of number that made possible modern science — in which the symbolic "form" of a mathematical statement is completely inseparable from its "content" of physical meaning. Includes a translation of Vieta's Introduction to the Analytical Art. 1968 edition. Bibliography.