科學
这个不科学的年代 豆瓣
作者: 理查·费曼 天下文化 2005
本書為費曼西雅圖華盛頓大學的三場演講內容整理而成的最新作品。他以獨特的幽默感與演講魅力,縱橫科學、社會、政治、宗教等議題;以縝密的推理和詳盡的論述,引領讀者充分認識科學的存在與人類未來的發展,讓你彷彿置身華盛頓大學演講現場,一睹二十世紀美國國寶科學家的風采。
書中讓讀者更深入走進費曼的思想之中,透過一位偉大科學家的視野,您將會以更寬廣的角度,重新觀察這個世界、重新思考自我、重新調整生活的態度。
Experience and its Modes 豆瓣
作者: 迈克尔·欧克肖特 Cambridge University Press 1986 - 1
This classic work is here published for the first time in paperback in recognition of its enduring importance. Its theme is Modality: human experience recognized as a variety of independent, self-consistent worlds of discourse, each the invention of human intelligence, but each also to be understood as abstract and an arrest in human experience. The theme is pursued in a consideration of the practical, the historical and the scientific modes of understanding.
Lost Discoveries 豆瓣
作者: Dick Teresi Simon & Schuster 2003 - 10
Boldly challenging conventional wisdom, acclaimed science writer and Omni magazine cofounder Dick Teresi traces the origins of contemporary science back to their ancient roots in an eye-opening account and landmark work. This innovative history proves once and for all that the roots of modern science were established centuries, and in some instances millennia, before the births of Copernicus, Galileo, and Newton. In this enlightening, entertaining, and important book, Teresi describes many discoveries from all over the non-Western world -- Sumeria, Babylon, Egypt, India, China, Africa, Arab nations, the Americas, and the Pacific islands -- that equaled and often surpassed Greek and European learning in the fields of mathematics, astronomy, cosmology, physics, geology, chemistry, and technology. The first extensive and authoritative multicultural history of science written for a popular audience, Lost Discoveries fills a critical void in our scientific, cultural, and intellectual history and is destined to become a classic in its field.
Zero Goodreads 豆瓣
作者: Charles Seife Penguin Books 2000 - 9
A concise and appealing look at the strangest number in the universe and its continuing role as one of the great paradoxes of human thought
The Babylonians invented it, the Greeks banned it, the Hindus worshiped it, and the Church used it to fend off heretics. Now, as Y2K fever rages, it threatens a technological apocalypse. For centuries the power of zero savored of the demonic; once harnessed, it became the most important tool in mathematics. For zero, infinity's twin, is not like other numbers. It is both nothing and everything.
In Zero science journalist Charles Seife follows this innocent-looking number from its birth as an Eastern philosophical concept to its struggle for acceptance in Europe, its rise and transcendence in the West, and its ever-present threat to modern physics. Here are the legendary thinkers--from Pythagoras to Newton to Heisenberg, from the Kabalists to today's astrophysicists--who have tried to understand it and whose clashes shook the foundations of philosophy, science, mathematics, and religion. Zero has pitted East against West and faith against reason, and its intransigence persists in the dark core of a black hole and the brilliant flash of the Big Bang. Today, zero lies at the heart of one of the biggest scientific controversies of all time, the quest for a theory of everything.
Readers of Fermat's Enigma, The Man Who Loved Only Numbers, Seeing and Believing, and Longitudewill find the revealingly illustrated Zero freshly informative, easy to understand, and--infinitely--fascinating. --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title.
The Grand Design 豆瓣 Goodreads
The Grand Design
作者: Stephen Hawking / Leonard Mlodinow Bantam 2010 - 9
《大设计》:宇宙何时并如何起始?我们为何在此?为何是有非无?何为实在本性?为何自然定律被这么精细地调谐至让我们这样的生命存在?以及最后,我们宇宙的表观“大设计”能否证实使事物运行的仁慈的造物主?科学能否提供另一种解释?有关宇宙起源以及生命本身的最基本的问题,曾经为哲学的范围,现在占据着科学家、哲学家和神学家相遇但却自说自话的领地。在霍金和蒙洛迪诺的新书中,他们以精彩简朴的非专业语言表述有关宇宙奥秘的最新的科学思考。他们在《大设计》中解释,根据量子论,宇宙不仅具有单独的存在或历史,而且同时存在每种可能的历史。把这种思想应用于宇宙整体,就对因果概念本身提出疑问。然而,霍金和蒙洛迪诺描述的“从顶到底”的宇宙学方法会说,过去没有采取确定的形式这一事实意味着,我们因观察历史而创造历史,而非历史创造我们。作者进一步解释,我们自身是宇宙极早期的量子涨落的产物,并且展现量子论如何预言“多宇宙”——该思想是说,我们的宇宙只不过是自发地从无中出现的许多宇宙中的一个,每个宇宙具有不同的自然定律。霍金和蒙洛迪诺在这过程中诘问实在的传统概念,提出“依赖模型”的实在论,这是我们能够希望找到的最佳答案。他们以对M理论的精彩评价来结束全书,M理论解释了制约我们和我们宇宙的定律,它还是完备的“万物理论”的目前可行的仅有候选者。他们写道,如果被证实的话,它将是爱因斯坦寻求的统一理论,也是人类理性的终极胜利。
这是一部简洁的惊人的附有大量插图的指南,导向正在改变我们的宇宙观并危及我们最神圣的信仰系统的一些发现。没有任何一本书像《大设计》这样信息丰富,这样刺激。
THE FIRST MAJOR WORK IN NEARLY A DECADE BY ONE OF THE WORLD’S GREAT THINKERS—A MARVELOUSLY CONCISE BOOK WITH NEW ANSWERS TO THE ULTIMATE QUESTIONS OF LIFE
When and how did the universe begin? Why are we here? Why is there something rather than nothing? What is the nature of reality? Why are the laws of nature so finely tuned as to allow for the existence of beings like ourselves? And, finally, is the apparent “grand design” of our universe evidence of a benevolent creator who set things in motion—or does science offer another explanation?
The most fundamental questions about the origins of the universe and of life itself, once the province of philosophy, now occupy the territory where scientists, philosophers, and theologians meet—if only to disagree. In their new book, Stephen Hawking and Leonard Mlodinow present the most recent scientific thinking about the mysteries of the universe, in nontechnical language marked by both brilliance and simplicity.
In The Grand Design they explain that according to quantum theory, the cosmos does not have just a single existence or history, but rather that every possible history of the universe exists simultaneously. When applied to the universe as a whole, this idea calls into question the very notion of cause and effect. But the “top-down” approach to cosmology that Hawking and
Mlodinow describe would say that the fact that the past takes no definite form means that we create history by observing it, rather than that history creates us. The authors further explain that we ourselves are the product of quantum fluctuations in the very early universe, and show how quantum theory predicts the “multiverse”—the idea that ours is just one of many universes that appeared spontaneously out of nothing, each with different laws of nature.
Along the way Hawking and Mlodinow question the conventional concept of reality, posing a “model-dependent” theory of reality as the best we can hope to find. And they conclude with a riveting assessment of M-theory, an explanation of the laws governing us and our universe that is currently the only viable candidate for a complete “theory of everything.” If confirmed, they write, it will be the unified theory that Einstein was looking for, and the ultimate triumph of human reason.
A succinct, startling, and lavishly illustrated guide to discoveries that are altering our understanding and threatening some of our most cherished belief systems, The Grand Design is a book that will inform—and provoke—like no other.
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大设计
回答科學是甚麼的三個答案 豆瓣
作者: 傅大為 群學 2009 - 4
【內容簡介】
很多人覺得,科學可以解決所有的問題及所有的事情,但事實並非如此。像大家熟知的環境保護、防颱防震、核四爭議、膽固醇與愛滋、賀爾蒙療法等等,都曾投入許多金錢及科技人才參與研發,但仍然不能解決台灣社會最急切、而且跟科技有關的這些問題。作為社會公民的我們,是否應該思考這些研發費用都是納稅人的錢、又是誰享受了那些利益?是誰享受了那些成果?本書是用STS、性別、與科學哲學的三個角度來分析科學與科技,期盼大家都能具備判斷能力,進而瞭解科學是什麼?使得「科技與社會」(STS)能夠互相協調與制衡,才能為社會大眾創造美好的明天。
What's Next? Dispatches on the Future of Science 豆瓣
作者: Brockman, Max Vintage 2009 - 5
Will climate change force a massive human migration to the Northern Rim?
How does our sense of morality arise from the structure of the brain?
What does the latest research in language acquisition tells us about the role of culture in the way we think?
What does current neurological research tell us about the nature of time?
This wide-ranging collection of never-before-published essays offers the very latest insights into the daunting scientific questions of our time. Its contributors—some of the most brilliant young scientists working today—provide not only an introduction to their cutting-edge research, but discuss the social, ethical, and philosophical ramifications of their work. With essays covering fields as diverse as astrophysics, paleoanthropology, climatology, and neuroscience, What's Next? is a lucid and informed guide to the new frontiers of science.
Naked Statistics 豆瓣
作者: Charles Wheelan W. W. Norton & Company 2013 - 1
The field of statistics is rapidly transforming into a discipline that Hal Varian at Google has called "sexy". And with good reason - from batting averages and political polls to game shows and medical research - the real-world application of statistics is growing by leaps and bounds. In Naked Statistics, Charles Wheelan strips away the arcane and technical details to get at the underlying intuition that is key to understanding the power of statistical concepts. Tackling a wide-ranging set of problems, he demonstrates how statistics can be used to look at questions that are important and relevant to us today. With the trademark wit, accessibility and fun that made Naked Economics a bestseller, Wheelan brings another essential discipline to life with a one-in-a-million statistics book that you will read for pleasure.
Statistics Without Tears 豆瓣
作者: Derek Rowntree Pearson 2003 - 6
This classic book uses words and diagrams, rather than formulas and equations, to help readers understand what statistics is, and how to think statistically. It focuses on the ideas behind statistics only; readers are not required to perform any calculations.
Cartoon Guide to Statistics 豆瓣
作者: Larry Gonick / Woollcott Smith HarperPerennial 1993
If you have ever looked for P-values by shopping at P mart, tried to watch the Bernoulli Trials on "People's Court," or think that the standard deviation is a criminal offense in six states, then you need The Cartoon Guide to Statistics to put you on the road to statistical literacy. The Cartoon Guide to Statistics covers all the central ideas of modern statistics: the summary and display of data, probability in gambling and medicine, random variables, Bernoulli Trails, the Central Limit Theorem, hypothesis testing, confidence interval estimation, and much more--all explained in simple, clear, and yes, funny illustrations. Never again will you order the Poisson Distribution in a French restaurant!
Statistics in Plain English 豆瓣
作者: Brightman, Harvey J. 1985 - 10
Designed for self-instruction, this text is intended for students to use on their own while simultaneously taking a statistics course using a standard textbook. Then on mathematical approach maximizes the use of verbal and visual languages. The text covers such topics as Bayes' Theorem and statistical independence, probability distributions, confidence intervals, and analysis of variance.
博物人生 豆瓣
作者: 刘华杰 北京大学出版社 2012 - 2
本书从博物的角度阐释了中国古代“多识于鸟兽草木之名”的教育思想,介绍了普林尼、格斯纳、怀特、卢梭等开创的西式博物学。本书还结合草木这一切入点,通俗示例了公众如何参与博物学,如何使自己的日常生活更充实、更快乐。
中国古代的学问基本上处在博物层面,它虽然没有数理科学深刻,但适应本地的生产方式、生活方式,是一笔优秀的遗产,我们可以也应当继承它们。过去科学传播比较重视数理科学,而不大介绍竺可桢、林奈、布丰、法布尔、威尔逊。其实,博物类科学门槛相对很低,与百姓日常生活关系密切,值得优先传播。
The Mismeasure of Man 豆瓣 Goodreads
The Mismeasure of Man
作者: Stephen J Gould W. W. Norton & Co. 1996 - 6
When published in 1981, The Mismeasure of Man was immediately hailed as a masterwork, the ringing answer to those who would classify people, rank them according to their supposed genetic gifts and limits. Yet the idea of biology as destiny dies hard, as witness the attention devoted to The Bell Curve, whose arguments are here so effectively anticipated and thoroughly undermined. In this edition, Stephen Jay Gould has written a substantial new introduction telling how and why he wrote the book and tracing the subsequent history of the controversy on innateness right through The Bell Curve. Further, he has added five essays on questions of The Bell Curve in particular and on race, racism, and biological determinism in general. These additions strengthen the book's claim to be, as Leo J. Kamin of Princeton University has said, "a major contribution toward deflating pseudo-biological 'explanations' of our present social woes."
Genesis and Development of a Scientific Fact 豆瓣
作者: Ludwik Fleck 译者: Fred Bradley / Thaddeus J. Trenn University Of Chicago Press 1981 - 8
Originally published in German in 1935, this monograph anticipated solutions to problems of scientific progress, the truth of scientific fact and the role of error in science now associated with the work of Thomas Kuhn and others. Arguing that every scientific concept and theory--including his own--is culturally conditioned, Fleck was appreciably ahead of his time. And as Kuhn observes in his foreword, "Though much has occurred since its publication, it remains a brilliant and largely unexploited resource."
"To many scientists just as to many historians and philosophers of science facts are things that simply are the case: they are discovered through properly passive observation of natural reality. To such views Fleck replies that facts are invented, not discovered. Moreover, the appearance of scientific facts as discovered things is itself a social construction, a "made" thing. A work of transparent brilliance, one of the most significant contributions toward a thoroughly sociological account of scientific knowledge."--Steven Shapin, "Science"
哥德尔、艾舍尔、巴赫 豆瓣 Goodreads 谷歌图书 博客來
Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid
9.4 (83 个评分) 作者: [美国] 侯世达 译者: 严勇 / 刘皓明 商务印书馆 1996 - 4
集异璧-GEB,是数学家哥德尔、版画家艾舍尔、音乐家巴赫三个名字的前缀。《哥德尔、艾舍尔、巴赫书:集异璧之大成》是在英语世界中有极高评价的科普著作,曾获得普利策非小说奖。它通过对哥德尔的数理逻辑,艾舍尔的版画和巴赫的音乐三者的综合阐述,引人入胜地介绍了数理逻辑 学、可计算理 论、人工智能学、语言学、遗传学、音乐、绘画的理论等方面,构思精巧、含义深刻、视野广阔、富于哲学韵味。
中译本前后费时十余年,译者都是数学和哲学的专家,还得到原作者的直接参与,译文严谨通达,特别是在原作者的帮助下,把西方的文化典故和说法,尽可能转换为中国文化的典故和说法,使这部译本甚至可看作是一部新的创作,也是中外翻译史上的一个创举。
众病之王 豆瓣
The Emperor of All Maladies: A Biography of Cancer
9.0 (103 个评分) 作者: [美] 悉达多·穆克吉 译者: 李虎 中信出版社 2013 - 2
《众病之王:癌症传》是一部饱含人文主义色彩的社科文化著作。作者悉达多•穆克吉历时六年,凭借翔实的历史资料、专业文献、媒体报道、患者专访等众多信息,向读者阐述了癌症的起源与发展,人类对抗癌症、预防癌症的斗争史。作者借由医学、文化、社会、政治等视角透露出一种社会化关怀;生动、文学性的写作手法展现出鲜活的人物和历史事件,让读者为之动容。