Why has median income stopped rising in the US?
Why is the share of population that is working falling so rapidly?
Why are our economy and society are becoming more unequal?
A popular explanation right now is that the root cause underlying these symptoms is technological stagnation-- a slowdown in the kinds of ideas and inventions that bring progress and prosperity.
In Race Against the Machine, MIT's Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee present a very different explanation. Drawing on research by their team at the Center for Digital Business, they show that there's been no stagnation in technology -- in fact, the digital revolution is accelerating. Recent advances are the stuff of science fiction: computers now drive cars in traffic, translate between human languages effectively, and beat the best human Jeopardy! players.
As these examples show, digital technologies are rapidly encroaching on skills that used to belong to humans alone. This phenomenon is both broad and deep, and has profound economic implications. Many of these implications are positive; digital innovation increases productivity, reduces prices (sometimes to zero), and grows the overall economic pie.
But digital innovation has also changed how the economic pie is distributed, and here the news is not good for the median worker. As technology races ahead, it can leave many people behind. Workers whose skills have been mastered by computers have less to offer the job market, and see their wages and prospects shrink. Entrepreneurial business models, new organizational structures and different institutions are needed to ensure that the average worker is not left behind by cutting-edge machines.
In Race Against the Machine Brynjolfsson and McAfee bring together a range of statistics, examples, and arguments to show that technological progress is accelerating, and that this trend has deep consequences for skills, wages, and jobs. The book makes the case that employment prospects are grim for many today not because there's been technology has stagnated, but instead because we humans and our organizations aren't keeping up.

What will the economy of the future look like? Where will advancing technology, job automation, outsourcing and globalization lead? This groundbreaking book by a Silicon Valley computer engineer explores these questions and shows how accelerating technology is likely to have a highly disruptive influence on our economy in the near future--and may well already be a significant factor in the current global crisis. THE LIGHTS IN THE TUNNEL employs a powerful thought experiment to explore the economy of the future. An imaginary "tunnel of lights" is used to visualize the economic implications of the new technologies that are likely to appear in the coming years and decades. The book directly challenges conventional views of the future and illuminates the danger that lies ahead if we do not plan for the impact of rapidly advancing technology. It also shows how the economic realities of the future might offer solutions to issues such as poverty and climate change.

If in the year 1411 you had been able to circumnavigate the globe, you would have been most impressed by the dazzling civilizations of the Orient. The Forbidden City was under construction in Ming Beijing; in the Near East, the Ottomans were closing in on Constantinople. By contrast, England would have struck you as a miserable backwater ravaged by plague, bad sanitation and incessant war. The other quarrelsome kingdoms of Western Europe – Aragon, Castile, France, Portugal and Scotland – would have seemed little better. As for fifteenth-century North America, it was an anarchic wilderness compared with the realms of the Aztecs and Incas. The idea that the West would come to dominate the Rest for most of the next half millennium would have struck you as wildly fanciful. And yet it happened. What was it about the civilization of Western Europe that allowed it to trump the outwardly superior empires of the Orient? The answer, Niall Ferguson argues, was that the West developed six “killer applications” that the Rest lacked: competition, science, democracy, medicine, consumerism and the work ethic. The key question today is whether or not the West has lost its monopoly on these six things. If so, Ferguson warns, we may be living through the end of Western ascendancy. Civilization takes readers on their own extraordinary journey around the world – from the Grand Canal at Nanjing to the Topkapi Palace in Istanbul; from Machu Picchu in the Andes to Shark Island, Namibia; from the proud towers of Prague to the secret churches of Wenzhou. It is the story of sailboats, missiles, land deeds, vaccines, blue jeans and Chinese Bibles. It is the defining narrative of modern world history.

Chosen by BusinessWeek as One of the Top Ten Business Books of the Year
With apologies to Hegel, Marx, and Lenin, the basic unit of modern society is neither the state, nor the commune, nor the party; it is the company. From this bold premise, John Micklethwait and Adrian Wooldridge chart the rise of one of history’s great catalysts for good and evil.
In a “fast-paced and well-written” work (Forbes), the authors reveal how innovations such as limitations on liability have permitted companies to rival religions and even states in importance, governing the flow of wealth and controlling human affairs–all while being largely exempt from the rules that govern our lives.
The Company is that rare, remarkable book that fills a major gap we scarcely knew existed. With it, we are better able to make sense of the past four centuries, as well as the events of today.

这本书全面勾勒了英国从农业化社会发展成为工业化社会的历史过程，再现当时英国的农业、工业、政治、宗教等概况，同时对英国的经济结构、人口结构、物质生活、精神生活等各个侧面，做了生动的描述，对其世界性的历史意义，做了较为客观的评述。
本书不乏新颖的观点，富有启迪性，且文字生动流畅，可读性强，对史学、社会学和我国现代化的研究都有借鉴作用

100,000 years ago, at least six human species inhabited the earth. Today there is just one.
Us.
Homo sapiens.
How did our species succeed in the battle for dominance? Why did our foraging ancestors come together to create cities and kingdoms? How did we come to believe in gods, nations and human rights; to trust money, books and laws; and to be enslaved by bureaucracy, timetables and consumerism? And what will our world be like in the millennia to come?
In Sapiens, Dr Yuval Noah Harari spans the whole of human history, from the very first humans to walk the earth to the radical - and sometimes devastating - breakthroughs of the Cognitive, Agricultural and Scientific Revolutions. Drawing on insights from biology, anthropology, palaeontology and economics, he explores how the currents of history have shaped our human societies, the animals and plants around us, and even our personalities. Have we become happier as history has unfolded? Can we ever free our behaviour from the heritage of our ancestors? And what, if anything, can we do to influence the course of the centuries to come?
Bold, wide-ranging and provocative, Sapiens challenges everything we thought we knew about being human: our thoughts, our actions, our power ... and our future.

Philosophy of Economics: A Contemporary Introduction is the first systematic textbook in the philosophy of economics. It introduces the epistemological, metaphysical and ethical problems that arise in economics, and presents detailed discussions of the solutions that have been offered. Throughout, philosophical issues are illustrated by and analysed in the context of concrete cases drawn from contemporary economics, the history of economic ideas, and actual economic events. This demonstrates the relevance of philosophy of economics both for the science of economics and for the economy. This text will provide an excellent introduction to the philosophy of economics for students and interested general readers alike.

In this book, Reiss argues in favor of a tight fit between evidence, concept and purpose in our causal investigations in the sciences. There is no doubt that the sciences employ a vast array of techniques to address causal questions such as controlled experiments, randomized trials, statistical and econometric tools, causal modeling and thought experiments. But how do these different methods relate to each other and to the causal inquiry at hand? Reiss argues that there is no "gold standard" in settling causal issues against which other methods can be measured. Rather, the various methods of inference tend to be good only relative to certain interpretations of the word "cause", and each interpretation, in turn, helps to address some salient purpose (prediction, explanation or policy analysis) but not others. The main objective of this book is to explore the metaphysical and methodological consequences of this view in the context of numerous cases studies from the natural and social sciences.

First published in 2001, Causality in Macroeconomics addresses the long-standing problems of causality while taking macroeconomics seriously. The practical concerns of the macroeconomist and abstract concerns of the philosopher inform each other. Grounded in pragmatic realism, the book rejects the popular idea that macroeconomics requires microfoundations, and argues that the macroeconomy is a set of structures that are best analyzed causally. Ideas originally due to Herbert Simon and the Cowles Commission are refined and generalized to non-linear systems, particularly to the non-linear systems with cross-equation restrictions that are ubiquitous in modern macroeconomic models with rational expectations (with and without regime-switching). These ideas help to clarify philosophical as well as economic issues. The structural approach to causality is then used to evaluate more familiar approaches to causality due to Granger, LeRoy and Glymour, Spirtes, Scheines and Kelly, as well as vector autoregressions, the Lucas critique, and the exogeneity concepts of Engle, Hendry and Richard.

全球化寡头垄断的出现，不可能消除资本主义竞争，因为竞争和垄断永远是相伴随的，竞争就是你死我活的斗争，就是不断地攫取垄断地位；没有一定的垄断地位，资本家也绝不可能去参与竞争。
在全球化垄断资本主义时期，金融资本和产业资本已经融合为一，起决定性作用的不再是产业资本，而是金融资本；在这个历史阶段，金融寡头统治一切，形成了食利者阶层（即金融资本家）和食利国。当今世界，美元的统治地位使美国成为世界上最大的食利国。
（1910年）在这4个国家中有两个是最老的、殖民地最多的资本主义国家——英国和法国，其余两个是在发展速度上和资本主义垄断组织在生产中的普及程度上领先的资本主义国家——美国和德国。这4个国家一共有4790亿法郎，约占全世界金融资本的80％。世界上其他各国，差不多都是这样或那样地成为这4个国家、这4个国际银行家、这4个世界金融资本的“台柱”的债务人和进贡者了。
1900年6月7日，德国最大的工业家和‘金融大王’之一西门子，在德国国会中声称‘一英镑的股票是不列颠帝国主义的基础’”。

在这本探讨经济、自由以及二者之间关系的经典著作当中，米尔顿·弗里德曼和罗斯·弗里德曼为我们揭示了，正是由于华盛顿当局制定了过多的法律法规、实施了过多的政府管制、建立了过多的行政机构、花费了过多的财政预算，才使我们的自由和财富受到了侵蚀和削弱。一旦政府以中间人的身份插手干预，良好的愿望往往会导致悲惨的结果，对此，两位作者也进行了细致的考察研究。此外，针对这些经济问题，弗里德曼夫妇还提出了积极的建议和意见，告诉我们应当如何扩展自由、增进财富。
不论是探讨美国在以往岁月中的错误和失误，还是指出将来为增进经济繁荣所应采取的政策策略，本书都是一部重要的著作，其分析透彻，论证有力，说服力很强。

本书着重谈的是美国国家经济政策制定方面受到的民情的影响。正是出于选民的“偏见”，他们的选票才会被贸易保护主义者、反竞争的特殊利益集团利用，进而对美国的经济造成损害。本书是一部在美国媒体和政治经济学界引起广泛关注和讨论，赞誉与批评兼而有之的一部作品。媒体关注它，是因为作者在书中不仅毫不留情地批判了美国政府和公众一直引以自豪的东西——民主，而且将其失败的原因归结为选民的“理性的胡闹”。而学界关注的重点则在于该书对经济学及公共选择理论的两个核心概念，即“理性(rationality)”和“理性的无知”(rationalignorance)，提出了修正和质疑。
作者认为，在美国，大多数投票者不仅对政治问题是无知的，而且他们本身固有的观点甚至都是错误的。民众不仅因为自己的无知而把选举搞砸，而且因为自己的投票带有“偏见”，更容易使国家政策走上歧途。因此，作者提倡“有水准的选民”，要解决美国的问题，要做的是减少民主的量而提高民主的质。