Enterpreneurship is central to the market process, and yet most theories of it fail to tackle the problem of how economic agents learn from their experience. This book redresses this by systematically applying the ideas of Karl Popper. It treats the entrepeneur as a theorist who develops conjectures which are then tested by exposure to the market, in an effort to eliminate errors. This is a critical aspect of the development of new ventures, as most entrepeneurial ideas turn out to be mistakes, at least in their original form.

'Philippe Baumard has observed that strategic success seems to lie more in top managers' ability to use tacit knowledge than in their gaining or updating explicit knowledge' - William H Starbuck, New York University 'This important new book effectively illustrates how, in conditions of ambiguity, managers 'over-manage', i.e. rely too much on explicit plans and interpretations. Here, Philippe Baumard develops an alternative analysis and with it a new approach to management' - Frank Blackler, Lancaster University This landmark book delves below the surface of organizations in order to understand the complex processes of top managers' decision making. Philippe Baumard argues that the conventional, rational model of decision making ignores the tacit and intuitive processes that are often crucial in successful business outcomes. He demonstrates through his four central business cases how it is in times of uncertainty, rapid change and turbulence that the fate of companies is often determined, and it is at these times that managers' tacit knowledge and their ability to navigate ambiguous and complex situations is most critical.

Innovations are adopted when users integrate them in meaningful ways into existing social practices. Histories of major technological innovations show that often the creative initiative of users and user communities becomes the determining factor in the evolution of particular innovations. The evolutionary routes of the telephone, the Internet, the World Wide Web, email, and the Linux operating system all took their developers by surprise. Articulation of these technologies as meaningful products and systems was made possible by innovative users and unintended resources. Iterative and interactive models have replaced the traditional linear model of innovation during the last decade. Yet, heroic innovators and entrepreneurs, unambiguous functionality of products, and a focus on the up-stream aspects of innovation still underlie much discussion on innovation, intellectual property rights, technology policy, and product development. Coherent conceptual, theoretical and practical conclusions from research on knowledge creation, theory of learning, history of technology, and the social basis of innovative change have rarely been made. This book argues that innovation is about creating meaning; that it is inherently social; and is grounded in existing social practices. To understand the social basis of innovation and technology development we have to move beyond the traditional product-centric view on innovations. Integrating concepts from several disciplinary perspectives and detailed analyses of the evolution of Internet-related innovations, including packet-switched computer networks, World Wide Web, and the Linux open source operating system, the book develops foundations for a new theoretical and practical understanding of innovation. For example, it shows that innovative development can occur in two qualitatively different ways, one based on evolving specialization and the other based on recombination of existing socially produced resources. The expanding communication and collaboration networks have increased the importance of the recombinatory mode making mobility of resources, sociotechnical translation mechanisms, and meaning creation in communities of practice increasingly important for innovation research and product development.

In this age of an open Internet, it is easy to forget that every American information industry, beginning with the telephone, has eventually been taken captive by some ruthless monopoly or cartel. With all our media now traveling a single network, an unprecedented potential is building for centralized control over what Americans see and hear. Could history repeat itself with the next industrial consolidation? Could the Internet—the entire flow of American information—come to be ruled by one corporate leviathan in possession of “the master switch”? That is the big question of Tim Wu’s pathbreaking book.
As Wu’s sweeping history shows, each of the new media of the twentieth century—radio, telephone, television, and film—was born free and open. Each invited unrestricted use and enterprising experiment until some would-be mogul battled his way to total domination. Here are stories of an uncommon will to power, the power over information: Adolph Zukor, who took a technology once used as commonly as YouTube is today and made it the exclusive prerogative of a kingdom called Hollywood . . . NBC’s founder, David Sarnoff, who, to save his broadcast empire from disruptive visionaries, bullied one inventor (of electronic television) into alcoholic despair and another (this one of FM radio, and his boyhood friend) into suicide . . . And foremost, Theodore Vail, founder of the Bell System, the greatest information empire of all time, and a capitalist whose faith in Soviet-style central planning set the course of every information industry thereafter.
Explaining how invention begets industry and industry begets empire—a progress often blessed by government, typically with stifling consequences for free expression and technical innovation alike—Wu identifies a time-honored pattern in the maneuvers of today’s great information powers: Apple, Google, and an eerily resurgent AT&T. A battle royal looms for the Internet’s future, and with almost every aspect of our lives now dependent on that network, this is one war we dare not tune out.
Part industrial exposé, part meditation on what freedom requires in the information age, The Master Switch is a stirring illumination of a drama that has played out over decades in the shadows of our national life and now culminates with terrifying implications for our future.

To identify the economic stars of the future we should abandon the habit of extrapolating from the recent past and lumping wildly diverse countries together. We need to remember that sustained economic success is a rare phenomenon. As an era of easy money and easy growth comes to a close, China in particular will cool down. Other major players including Brazil, Russia, and India face their own daunting challenges and inflated expectations. The new "breakout nations" will probably spring from the margins, even from the shadows. Ruchir Sharma, one of the world s largest investors in emerging markets for Morgan Stanley, here identifies which are most likely to leap ahead and why. After two decades spent traveling the globe tracking the progress of developing countries, Sharma has produced a book full of surprises: why the overpriced cocktails in Rio are a sign of revival in Detroit; how the threat of the "population bomb" came to be seen as a competitive advantage; how an industrial revolution in Asia is redefining what manufacturing can do for a modern economy; and how the coming shakeout in the big emerging markets could shift the spotlight back to the West, especially American technology and German manufacturing. What emerges is a clear picture of the shifting balance of global economic power and how it plays out for emerging nations and for the West. In a captivating exploration studded with vignettes, Sharma reveals his rules on how to spot economic success stories. Breakout Nations is a rollicking education for anyone looking to understand where the future will happen.

Consumer electronics and computers redefined life and work in the twentieth century. In Inventing the Electronic Century, Pulitzer Prize-winning business historian Alfred D. Chandler, Jr. traces their origins and worldwide development. From electronics prime mover RCA in the 1920s to Sony and Matsushita's dramatic rise in the 1970s; from IBM's dominance in computer technology in the 1950s to Microsoft's stunning example of the creation of competitive advantage, this masterful analysis is essential reading for every manager and student of technology.

Review
Parts of 'Eclipse' read like a wonky version of 'Rising Sun,' Michael Crichton's 1992 novel of Japanese dominance over the U.S. when Tokyo was seen as speeding toward number one. But Mr. Subramanian is a first-class economist who uses his book to discuss provocatively U.S.-Chinese relations and the nature of economic power. ----The Wall Street Journal
If you want to understand the true magnitude of the shift in economic power that is currently changing the world, Eclipse is the book to read--provocative, well argued and elegantly written. -- --Liaquat Ahamed, Pulitzer Prize winning author of Lords of Finance
Defying conventional wisdom, Eclipse not just vividly imagines, but provides a plausible scenario for, the replacement of the United States by China as the world's dominant economic power. It persuasively underlines the need for Washington to get its act together. ----Francis Fukuyama, Stanford University and author of The End of History and the Last Man and The Origins of Political Order
Eclipse must be read for a refreshing and deep analysis of what may lie ahead. It is an extremely well written and thought provoking book. -- --Mohamed El-Erian, Chief Executive, PIMCO and award-winning author of When Markets Collide
Eclipse is a fascinating read. Controversial, but meant to be, it has the potential to set the terms of our ongoing discussion on what is perhaps the hottest issue in the global economy--China's role. Its quantification of power alone will attract considerable interest. -- --Dani Rodrik, Professor of Economics, Harvard University and author of The Globalization Paradox
Product Description
By most accounts, China has quickly grown into the second largest economy in the world. In this controversial new book, Subramanian argues that China has already become the most economically dominant country in the world in terms of wealth, trade and finance. Its dominance and eclipsing of US global economic power is more imminent, more broad-based and larger in magnitude than anyone has anticipated. Subramanian compares the economic dominance of China with that of the two previous economic superpowers, the United States and the United Kingdom, and highlights similarities and diff erences. One corollary is that the fundamentals are strong for the Chinese currency to replace the dollar as the world's reserve currency. The final chapter forecasts how the international economic system is likely to evolve as a result of Chinese dominance.

"This is not a book about the decline of America, but rather about the rise of everyone else." So begins Fareed Zakaria's important new work on the era we are now entering. Following on the success of his best-selling The Future of Freedom, Zakaria describes with equal prescience a world in which the United States will no longer dominate the global economy, orchestrate geopolitics, or overwhelm cultures. He sees the "rise of the rest" the growth of countries like China, India, Brazil, Russia, and many others as the great story of our time, and one that will reshape the world. The tallest buildings, biggest dams, largest-selling movies, and most advanced cell phones are all being built outside the United States. This economic growth is producing political confidence, national pride, and potentially international problems. How should the United States understand and thrive in this rapidly changing international climate? What does it mean to live in a truly global era? Zakaria answers these questions with his customary lucidity, insight, and imagination.

You thought capitalism was permanent? Think again.
David Harvey unravels the contradictions at the heart of capitalism - its drive, for example, to accumulate capital beyond the means of investing it, its imperative to use the cheapest methods of production that leads to consumers with no means of consumption, and its compulsion to exploit nature to the point of extinction. These are the tensions which underpin the persistence of mass unemployment, the downward spirals of Europe and Japan, and the unstable lurches forward of China and India.
Not that the contradictions of capital are all bad: they can lead to the innovations that make capitalism resilient and, it seems, permanent. Yet appearances can deceive: while many of capital's contradictions can be managed, others will be fatal to our society. This new book is both an incisive guide to the world around us and a manifesto for change.

The classic of common-sense economics. "Enormously broad in scope, pithily weaving together threads from Galbraith and Gandhi, capitalism and Buddhism, science and psychology."-- The New Republic

The assembly line was invented in 1913 and has been in continuous operation ever since. It is the most familiar form of mass production. Both praised as a boon to workers and condemned for exploiting them, it has been celebrated and satirized. (We can still picture Chaplin's little tramp trying to keep up with a factory conveyor belt.) In America's Assembly Line, David Nye examines the industrial innovation that made the United States productive and wealthy in the twentieth century. The assembly line -- developed at the Ford Motor Company in 1913 for the mass production of Model Ts -- first created and then served an expanding mass market. It inspired fiction, paintings, photographs, comedy, cafeteria layouts, and cookie-cutter suburban housing. It also transformed industrial labor and provoked strikes and union drives. During World War II and the Cold War, it was often seen as a bastion of liberty and capitalism. By 1980, Japan had reinvented the assembly line as a system of "lean manufacturing"; American industry reluctantly adopted this new approach. Nye describes this evolution and the new global landscape of increasingly automated factories, with fewer industrial jobs in America and questionable working conditions in developing countries. A century after Ford's pioneering innovation, the assembly line continues to evolve toward more sustainable manufacturing.

Designed specifically for introductory globalization courses, Introducing Globalization helps students to develop informed opinions about globalization, inviting them to become participants rather than just passive learners. Identifies and explores the major economic, political and social ties that comprise contemporary global interdependency Examines a broad sweep of topics, from the rise of transnational corporations and global commodity chains, to global health challenges and policies, to issues of worker solidarity and global labor markets, through to emerging forms of global mobility by both business elites and their critics Written by an award-winning teacher, and enhanced throughout by numerous empirical examples, maps, tables, an extended bibliography, glossary of key terms, and suggestions for further reading and student research Supported by additional web resources -- available upon publication at www.wiley.com/go/sparke -- includinghot links to news reports, examples of globalization and other illustrative sites, and archived examples of student projects

《中国改革:做对的和没做的》的作者华生，是影响我国经济改革进程的三项重要变革，即价格双轨制、资产经营责任制、股权分置改革的提出者和推动者，曾获孙冶方经济学奖、首批“国家级有突出贡献的专家”等学界最高荣誉。
《中国改革:做对的和没做的》是华生“中国改革系列”的开篇之作，主要包括华生对中国改革三十年的回顾与反思、对现状的理性判断以及改革下一步，如何以社会改革带动全面改革的路径设计。华生的文章，处处彰显他的睿智、雄辩、务实与理性，正如媒体对其评价：“不是坐而论道的经济学家”。
28年前，华生因力主价格双轨制改革而一举成名，中国历史轨迹由此而变。今天，这本凝聚华生心血的《中国改革:做对的和没做的》所讲的不仅是经济改革，而是包括社会改革和政治改革在内的改革全局；不仅直陈改革所面临的深层次困境，而且明确指出改革的动力与路径方案。

城市化转型与土地问题是事关中国改革方向和发展命运的重大问题，但同时又极其复杂，不仅在实践中出现了土地财政、地方债务、高房价等连锁问题，在学术界也引起了相当多的争议和分歧。本书指出，目前城市化转型面临的问题已不再是“农村、农民、农业”的老三农问题，而是“农地流转、农民离乡务工、农地非农用”的新三农问题。中国的城市化道路要从“土地城市化”真正走上“人的城市化”，并成功实现现代化转型，其核心是重新调整“土地开发权”的分配，实现公民权利的均等化和人力资本的普遍升级。城市化转型的制度设计与实践，围绕这一主线展开，重重难关和纠结就迎刃而解。

《中国股市:假问题和真问题》内容简介：中国经济一直领跑世界，但作为经济晴雨表的股市为何让中小投资者损失惨重？在书中，华生通过对中国股市新世纪以来变革历程的研究，指出中国股市问题的根源与其说是人性贪婪，毋宁说是制度缺陷。股权分置改革的“一次股改”通过校正制度缺陷，实现了全流通。股市改革的下一步，应启动发审制度改革的“二次股改”。在此基础上，华生提出从审批制转为披露制的总体规划与方案设计。
透过《中国股市:假问题和真问题》，可以看到中国股市从校正制度缺陷到走向规范的变革逻辑，以及“股市将从挤泡沫的煎熬转入回报的年代”的动向。

国以强为本，民以富为本。国大而不强，或国富而民不富，都不是中国梦。要实现百年繁荣的民富国强之梦，不仅需要财富观念的革命，更需要财富战略先行。
作为新供给主义经济学的首创者，本书作者从供给端重新定义了经济周期，并提出中国须吸收三十年前邓小平改革和里根主义的政策元素，大幅降低企业税负成本和融资成本等间接供给约束，放松垄断和管制等直接供给约束，盘活现有资源存量，解放生产力，启动十年增长。
本书还提出，要实现三十年以上的经济增长，必须解除供给抑制，激活“五大财富源泉”，综合利用“三种财富增长模式”，依靠全新的人口、城镇化、金融、贸易和国防战略，引领中国经济走上持续繁荣之路。
作为软财富理论和软财富战略的首创者，本书作者提出，所谓第三次工业革命实际上是传统工业之死；中国只有确保百年以上的经济繁荣，才能实现民富国强的“中国梦”——这既不能靠传统的农业生态财富思想，也绝不能靠过时的工业硬财富思想，而应该抓住软财富革命的时代契机，从家庭、企业和国家层面，依靠软财富战略，决胜新百年。