Who needs philosophy? Ayn Rand's answer: Everyone.
This collection of essays was the last work planned by Ayn Rand before her death in 1982. In it, she summarizes her view of philosophy and deals with a broad spectrum of topics. According to Ayn Rand, the choice we make is not whether to have a philosophy but which one to have: rational, conscious, and therefore practical; or contradictory, unidentified, and ultimately lethal. Written with all the clarity and eloquence that have placed Ayn Rand's objectivist philosophy in the mainstream of American thought, these essays range over such basic issues as education, morality, censorship, and inflation to prove that philosophy is the fundamental force in all our lives.

Review
Parts of 'Eclipse' read like a wonky version of 'Rising Sun,' Michael Crichton's 1992 novel of Japanese dominance over the U.S. when Tokyo was seen as speeding toward number one. But Mr. Subramanian is a first-class economist who uses his book to discuss provocatively U.S.-Chinese relations and the nature of economic power. ----The Wall Street Journal
If you want to understand the true magnitude of the shift in economic power that is currently changing the world, Eclipse is the book to read--provocative, well argued and elegantly written. -- --Liaquat Ahamed, Pulitzer Prize winning author of Lords of Finance
Defying conventional wisdom, Eclipse not just vividly imagines, but provides a plausible scenario for, the replacement of the United States by China as the world's dominant economic power. It persuasively underlines the need for Washington to get its act together. ----Francis Fukuyama, Stanford University and author of The End of History and the Last Man and The Origins of Political Order
Eclipse must be read for a refreshing and deep analysis of what may lie ahead. It is an extremely well written and thought provoking book. -- --Mohamed El-Erian, Chief Executive, PIMCO and award-winning author of When Markets Collide
Eclipse is a fascinating read. Controversial, but meant to be, it has the potential to set the terms of our ongoing discussion on what is perhaps the hottest issue in the global economy--China's role. Its quantification of power alone will attract considerable interest. -- --Dani Rodrik, Professor of Economics, Harvard University and author of The Globalization Paradox
Product Description
By most accounts, China has quickly grown into the second largest economy in the world. In this controversial new book, Subramanian argues that China has already become the most economically dominant country in the world in terms of wealth, trade and finance. Its dominance and eclipsing of US global economic power is more imminent, more broad-based and larger in magnitude than anyone has anticipated. Subramanian compares the economic dominance of China with that of the two previous economic superpowers, the United States and the United Kingdom, and highlights similarities and diff erences. One corollary is that the fundamentals are strong for the Chinese currency to replace the dollar as the world's reserve currency. The final chapter forecasts how the international economic system is likely to evolve as a result of Chinese dominance.

《计算机科学概论(第10版)》是计算机科学概论课程的经典教材，全书对计算机科学做了百科全书式的精彩阐述，充分展现了计算机科学的历史背景、发展历程和新的技术趋势。《计算机科学概论(第10版)》首先介绍的是信息编码及计算机体系结构的基本原理（第1章和第2章），进而讲述操作系统（第3章）和组网及因特网（第4章），接着探讨了算法、程序设计语言及软件工程（第5章至第7章），然后讨论数据抽象和数据库（第8章和第9章）方面的问题，第10章通过图形学讲述计算机技术的一些主要应用，第11章涉及人工智能，第12章通过对计算理论的介绍来结束全书。《计算机科学概论(第10版)》在内容编排上由具体到抽象逐步推进，很适合教学安排，每一个主题自然而然地引导出下一个主题。此外，书中还包含大量的图、表和实例，有助于读者对知识的了解与把握。《计算机科学概论(第10版)》适合作为高等院校计算机以及相关专业本科生的教材。

In this visionary look into the future, Freeman Dyson argues that technological changes fundamentally alter our ethical and social arrangements and that three rapidly advancing new technologies — solar energy, genetic engineering, and worldwide communication — together have the potential to create a more equal distribution of the world's wealth.
Dyson begins by rejecting the idea that scientific revolutions are primarily concept driven. He shows rather that new tools are more often the sparks that ignite scientific discovery. Such tool-driven revolutions have profound social consequences: the invention of the telescope turning the medieval view of the world upside down, the widespread use of household appliances in the 1950s replacing servants, to cite just two examples. In looking ahead, Dyson suggests that solar energy, genetics, and the Internet will have similarly transformative effects, with the potential to produce a more just and equitable society. Solar power could bring electricity to even the poorest, most remote areas of third-world nations, allowing everyone access to the vast stores of information on the Internet and effectively ending the cultural isolation of the poorest countries. Similarly, breakthroughs in genetics may well enable us to give our children healthier lives and grow more efficient crops, thus restoring the economic and human vitality of village cultures devalued and dislocated by the global market.
Written with passionate conviction about the ethical uses of science, The Sun, The Genome, and The Internet is both a brilliant reinterpretation of the scientific process and a challenge to use new technologies to close, rather than widen, the gap between rich and poor.

An illuminating collection of essays by an award-winning scientist whom the London Times calls “one of the world’s most original minds.” From Galileo to today’s amateur astronomers, scientists have been rebels, writes Freeman Dyson. Like artists and poets, they are free spirits who resist the restrictions their cultures impose on them. In their pursuit of Nature’s truths, they are guided as much by imagination as by reason, and their greatest theories have the uniqueness and beauty of great works of art.Dyson argues that the best way to understand science is by understanding those who practice it. He tells stories of scientists at work, ranging from Isaac Newton’s absorption in physics, alchemy, theology, and politics, to Ernest Rutherford’s discovery of the structure of the atom, to Albert Einstein’s stubborn hostility to the idea of black holes. His descriptions of brilliant physicists like Edward Teller and Richard Feynman are enlivened by his own reminiscences of them. He looks with a skeptical eye at fashionable scientific fads and fantasies, and speculates on the future of climate prediction, genetic engineering, the colonization of space, and the possibility that paranormal phenomena may exist yet not be scientifically verifiable.Dyson also looks beyond particular scientific questions to reflect on broader philosophical issues, such as the limits of reductionism, the morality of strategic bombing and nuclear weapons, the preservation of the environment, and the relationship between science and religion. These essays, by a distinguished physicist who is also a lovely writer, offer informed insights into the history of science and fresh perspectives on contentious current debates about science, ethics, and faith.

The assembly line was invented in 1913 and has been in continuous operation ever since. It is the most familiar form of mass production. Both praised as a boon to workers and condemned for exploiting them, it has been celebrated and satirized. (We can still picture Chaplin's little tramp trying to keep up with a factory conveyor belt.) In America's Assembly Line, David Nye examines the industrial innovation that made the United States productive and wealthy in the twentieth century. The assembly line -- developed at the Ford Motor Company in 1913 for the mass production of Model Ts -- first created and then served an expanding mass market. It inspired fiction, paintings, photographs, comedy, cafeteria layouts, and cookie-cutter suburban housing. It also transformed industrial labor and provoked strikes and union drives. During World War II and the Cold War, it was often seen as a bastion of liberty and capitalism. By 1980, Japan had reinvented the assembly line as a system of "lean manufacturing"; American industry reluctantly adopted this new approach. Nye describes this evolution and the new global landscape of increasingly automated factories, with fewer industrial jobs in America and questionable working conditions in developing countries. A century after Ford's pioneering innovation, the assembly line continues to evolve toward more sustainable manufacturing.

How did the United States become the world's largest consumer of energy? David Nye shows that this is less a question about the development of technology than it is a question about the development of culture. In Consuming Power Nye uses energy as a touchstone to examine the lives of ordinary people engaged in normal activities. He looks at how these activities changed as new energy systems were constructed, from colonial times to recent years. He also shows how, as Americans incorporated new machines and processes into their lives, they became ensnared in power systems that were not easily changed: they made choices about the conduct of their lives, and those choices accumulated to produce a consuming culture.Nye examines a sequence of large systems that acquired and then lost technological momentum over the course of American history, including water power, steam power, electricity, the internal-combustion engine, atomic power, and computerization. He shows how each system became part of a larger set of social constructions through its links to the home, the factory, and the city. The result is a social history of America as seen through the lens of energy consumption.

Blackouts—whether they result from military planning, network failure, human error, or terrorism—offer snapshots of electricity's increasingly central role in American society.
Where were you when the lights went out? At home during a thunderstorm? During the Great Northeastern Blackout of 1965? In California when rolling blackouts hit in 2000? In 2003, when a cascading power failure left fifty million people without electricity? We often remember vividly our time in the dark. In When the Lights Went Out, David Nye views power outages in America from 1935 to the present not simply as technical failures but variously as military tactic, social disruption, crisis in the networked city, outcome of political and economic decisions, sudden encounter with sublimity, and memories enshrined in photographs. Our electrically lit-up life is so natural to us that when the lights go off, the darkness seems abnormal.
Nye looks at America's development of its electrical grid, which made large-scale power failures possible and a series of blackouts from military blackouts to the “greenout” (exemplified by the new tradition of “Earth Hour”), a voluntary reduction organized by environmental organizations.
Blackouts, writes Nye, are breaks in the flow of social time that reveal much about the trajectory of American history. Each time one occurs, Americans confront their essential condition—not as isolated individuals, but as a community that increasingly binds itself together with electrical wires and signals.

After 1776, the former American colonies began to reimagine themselves as a unified, self-created community. Technologies had an important role in the resulting national narratives, and a few technologies assumed particular prominence. Among these were the axe, the mill, the canal, the railroad, and the irrigation dam. In this book David Nye explores the stories that clustered around these technologies. In doing so, he rediscovers an American story of origins, with America conceived as a second creation built in harmony with God's first creation.While mainstream Americans constructed technological foundation stories to explain their place in the New World, however, marginalized groups told other stories of destruction and loss. Native Americans protested the loss of their forests, fishermen resisted the construction of dams, and early environmentalists feared the exhaustionof resources. A water mill could be viewed as the kernel of a new community or as a new way to exploit labor. If passengers comprehended railways as part of a larger narrative about American expansion and progress, many farmers attacked railroad land grants. To explore these contradictions, Nye devotes alternating chapters to narratives of second creation and to narratives of those who rejected it.Nye draws on popular literature, speeches, advertisements, paintings, and many other media to create a history of American foundation stories. He shows how these stories were revised periodically, as social and economic conditions changed, without ever erasing the earlier stories entirely. The image of the isolated frontier family carving a homestead out of the wilderness with an axe persists to this day, alongside later images and narratives. In the book's conclusion, Nye considers the relation between these earlier stories and such later American developments as the conservation movement, narratives of environmental recovery, and the idealization of wilderness.

By viewing the corporation as a communicator, Image Worlds links the histories of labor, business, consumption, engineering, and photography, providing a new perspective on one of the largest and most representative corporations. General Electric was one of the first modern industrial corporations to use photographs and other media resources to create images of itself; and the GE archives, comprising well over a million images, form one of the largest privately held collections in the world. To produce this venturesome book, David Nye has used these vast archives to develop a new approach to corporate ideology through corporate iconography.Image Worlds embraces symbols, intentional signs, and photographs on the one hand and the history of institutional and technological development on the other. It views photography as a developing technology with a history of its own, and presents the corporation as a communicator as well as a producer and employer.Illustrated with nearly 60 photographs from the archives, the book identifies five "image markets" that GE sought to organize and address. Company engineers, workers, and managers received publications designed to appeal to their presumed interests. Some of these grew into public journals with a scientific-educational mission; others were restricted in circulation even within the company. At the same time, illustrated mass-media advertising was created to reach potential consumers of GE products. Advertising that presented an image of GE as a place where "progress was the most important product." While GE was promoting this enlightened image, the company was also using its resources to reach the voting public, hoping to gain their support for private electrification in the national debate over municipal power.David E. Nye is Associate Professor of American History at Odense University in Denmark.

Designed specifically for introductory globalization courses, Introducing Globalization helps students to develop informed opinions about globalization, inviting them to become participants rather than just passive learners. Identifies and explores the major economic, political and social ties that comprise contemporary global interdependency Examines a broad sweep of topics, from the rise of transnational corporations and global commodity chains, to global health challenges and policies, to issues of worker solidarity and global labor markets, through to emerging forms of global mobility by both business elites and their critics Written by an award-winning teacher, and enhanced throughout by numerous empirical examples, maps, tables, an extended bibliography, glossary of key terms, and suggestions for further reading and student research Supported by additional web resources -- available upon publication at www.wiley.com/go/sparke -- includinghot links to news reports, examples of globalization and other illustrative sites, and archived examples of student projects

The Industrial Revolution, powered by oil and other fossil fuels, is spiraling into a dangerous endgame. The price of gas and food are climbing, unemployment remains high, the housing market has tanked, consumer and government debt is soaring, and the recovery is slowing. Facing the prospect of a second collapse of the global economy, humanity is desperate for a sustainable economic game plan to take us into the future. Here, Jeremy Rifkin explores how Internet technology and renewable energy are merging to create a powerful 'Third Industrial Revolution.' He asks us to imagine hundreds of millions of people producing their own green energy in their homes, offices, and factories, and sharing it with each other in an 'energy internet,' just like we now create and share information online. Rifkin describes how the five-pillars of the Third Industrial Revolution will create thousands of businesses, millions of jobs, and usher in a fundamental reordering of human relationships, from hierarchical to lateral power, that will impact the way we conduct commerce, govern society, educate our children, and engage in civic life. Rifkin's vision is already gaining traction in the international community. The European Union Parliament has issued a formal declaration calling for its implementation, and other nations in Asia, Africa, and the Americas, are quickly preparing their own initiatives for transitioning into the new economic paradigm. The Third Industrial Revolution is an insider's account of the next great economic era, including a look into the personalities and players -- heads of state, global CEOs, social entrepreneurs, and NGOs -- who are pioneering its implementation around the world.

《在华五十年》主要内容包括：家世渊源，林肯总统的表亲，我的父亲母亲，父亲办教育受到教会指责，母亲却成功了，童年印象：美食与社戏，我们兄弟四人成了父母的陈列品，学校把我变成了一个正常的美国男孩，求知岁月，两难之地，任教潘陶普斯学院，艰难的抉择，我成了“跃进运动”的一份子，我做好了去中国传教的准备等等。

In this book, Nobel Prize-winning economist Edmund Phelps draws on a lifetime of thinking to make a sweeping new argument about what makes nations prosper - and why the sources of that prosperity are under threat today. Why did prosperity explode in some nations between the 1820s and 1960s, creating not just unprecedented material wealth but "flourishing" - meaningful work, self-expression, and personal growth for more people than ever before? Phelps makes the case that the wellspring of this flourishing was modern values such as the desire to create, explore, and meet challenges. These values fueled the grassroots dynamism that was necessary for widespread, indigenous innovation. Most innovation wasn't driven by a few isolated visionaries like Henry Ford; rather, it was driven by millions of people empowered to think of, develop, and market innumerable new products and processes, and improvements to existing ones. Mass flourishing - a combination of material well-being and the "good life" in a broader sense - was created by this mass innovation. Yet indigenous innovation and flourishing weakened decades ago. In America, evidence indicates that innovation and job satisfaction have decreased since the late 1960s, while postwar Europe has never recaptured its former dynamism. The reason, Phelps argues, is that the modern values underlying the modern economy are under threat by a resurgence of traditional, corporatist values that put the community and state over the individual. The ultimate fate of modern values is now the most pressing question for the West: will Western nations recommit themselves to modernity, grassroots dynamism, indigenous innovation, and widespread personal fulfillment, or will we go on with a narrowed innovation that limits flourishing to a few? A book of immense practical and intellectual importance, Mass Flourishing is essential reading for anyone who cares about the sources of prosperity and the future of the West.

从1945年至1952年，美国对日本实行了长达6年零8个月的占领。在美国人看来——甚至相当一部分日本人也这样认为——美国的对日占领取得了极大的成功，因为在占领结束后，日本实现了民主主义、经济繁荣并且其军事力量得到了抑制。美国也因此为他们在战败国日本推行并实施的一系列政治、经济、文化政策打上“成功”的标签。甚至在半个世纪之后的今天，对日占领仍然会被当作一个“有价值的”典型案例出现在美国的政治宣传中。
但是松田教授从另一个完全不同的角度研究了这段历史。他专注于美国的文化政策领域，试图探寻“占领”留下的种种隐形遗产。通过搜集、梳理大量珍贵的史料以及后续的解密档案，作者挖掘出了一系列令人不太愉快的事实：二战结束后六十多年来的日美关系并非真正意义上的平等、友好、健全的两国关系，有着超强民族自尊心的日本实际上在精神上和心理上已经形成了对美国的半永久性依存，而这一切均源自于美国在日本推行的文化政策。

亚当•斯密于1776年提出了一个观点，彻底颠覆了传统的经济学理论。他宣称，人们追逐私利的行为只受市场本身的调节，而不受政府的管控。这种追逐私利的行为就像一只看不见的手，将对市场进行自动的调节，从而使整个社会最大程度地获益。《捆住市场的手》这本书回顾了亚当•斯密之后两百年的经济学者是怎样挑战或再次肯定斯密的理论的。一些学者坚持认为，在市场不稳定的情况下，需要政府代替整个社会对市场进行干预。另一些学者则认为，政府的干预最终会给市场和社会造成损害。
斯蒂夫•G. 梅德玛探讨的这个主题，200年来，有可能是现代经济学领域中被人们争论最多的一个议题。梅德玛详尽地回顾了19世纪40年代到20世纪50年代市场失灵理论，以及随后对市场失灵理论进行批驳的芝加哥学派和弗吉尼亚学派的观点。从约翰•密尔到亨利•西季威克和庇古所代表的剑桥传统的福利经济学派，再到对剑桥学派提出挑战的罗纳德•科斯，最后是重新肯定亚当•斯密学说的批评家们，梅德玛向我们详细列举了关于市场控制的各种争议。他在书中向我们展示了，在边际革命之后——和亚当•斯密之前的前古典主义学者一样——新古典主义经济学家相信政府可以有效地缓解利己主义所带来的不良后果，芝加哥和弗吉尼亚学派则严厉地批驳了这种观点，证明利己主义同样能够影响政府，并在诸多并不完善的替代方案中为人们提供了一种相对合理的选择。
《捆住市场的手》还描写了政府是怎样一直致力于从经济上解决利己主义对公众利益造成的负面影响，及其采取的具体措施。
专家推荐
亚当•斯密认为市场机制相当于一只看不见的手，这种机制能成功地约束人们自利的行为，自18世纪后期以来，亚当•斯密的这种理论已经成为我们的政策争论的中心……梅德玛的《捆住市场的手》中详细描述了亚当•斯密时代至今200年间，人们就他的理论进行的争论……我向读者强烈推荐《捆住市场的手》。
——R.B.埃米特，《选择》杂志
《捆住市场的手》向读者介绍了自古希腊以来（特别是自亚当•斯密的时代以来）人类社会经济福利的演化情况，在某种程度上，这本书具有很强的专业性。但同时……我发现《捆住市场的手》也是一本发人深省的优秀著作。在福利、市场失灵和国家作用等诸多问题上，不同年代的人在不同角度上对福利的理解和评价的确能给当代人许多有益的启示。
——黛安•科伊尔，《开明经济学家》
这是一本出色的著作。它既涉及了经济学中的一个重要议题，文笔又引人入胜，让人丝毫不觉得枯燥。
——彼得•格鲁尼维根，《经济史回顾》杂志
这是一本引人入胜的好书，有趣、博学、公正，文字流畅。总之，我从这本书里学到了很多。
——丹尼斯•奥布莱恩，英国杜伦大学名誉教授
这是一部能使许多读者感兴趣的著作，简明易懂，观点清晰，它甚至能吸引一部分通常对历史不感兴趣的经济学家。梅德玛在书中详细讲述了不同时代的经济学家对利己主义的不同态度，以及它怎样改变了人们对于政府和市场的认知。
——罗杰.E.贝克豪斯，英国伯明翰大学