政治
Confucian China and Its Modern Fate 豆瓣
作者: Joseph R. Levenson ACLS Humanities E-Book 2008 - 8
2020年4月19日 已读
即使冲击回应范式是过时的,列文森论证的并非不合理(且极优雅)。列文森第一卷的论证点在于“三千年未有之大变局“时晚清民国学人的儒学取向和论证及后的转向是否有紧密的联系。列文森认为是有的,但列文森的“悲观”结论是儒学是无法推出一套契合现代国家或者说是现代资本主义国家的政治结构(以及社会土壤)。简单来说儒学是不具备也不可改进至(欧陆)现代性,而近代历史是“从天下到万国”;因此现代中国有国家无天下,天下已亡,国家振兴。
中国 中国历史 儒家 历史 思想史
中国国家治理的制度逻辑 豆瓣 谷歌图书 Goodreads
9.4 (177 个评分) 作者: 周雪光 生活·读书·新知三联书店 2017 - 3
关于中国国家的治理逻辑,本书主要沿着两条脉络进行探讨:一是中央权威与地方政府之间的关系,这体现在各级政府体制的制度设施和行为方式;一是国家与民众之间的关系,这体现在国家与社会群体的相互影响上。本书从学术上推进了当前国内的国家治理研究,并为社会科学研究者提供了一种可以参照 的研究路径和视角。
2019年1月13日 已读 Skimmed. Many instances of ideas from political economy. Good to refer again when needed for understanding the institutional setup.
中国 政治 政治学 社会学
The Reckless Mind 豆瓣
作者: Mark Lilla New York Review Books 2003 - 8
European history of the past century is full of examples of philosophers, writers, and jurists who, whether they lived in democratic, communist, or fascist societies, supported and defended totalitarian principles and horrific regimes. But how can intellectuals, who should be alert to the evils of tyranny, betray the ideals of freedom and independent inquiry? How can they take positions that, implicitly or not, endorse oppression and human suffering on a vast scale?
In profiles of Martin Heidegger, Carl Schmitt, Walter Benjamin, Alexandre Kojeve, Michel Foucault, and Jacques Derrida, Mark Lilla demonstrates how these thinkers were so deluded by the ideologies and convulsions of their times that they closed their eyes to authoritarianism, brutality, and state terror. He shows how intellectuals who fail to master their passions can be driven into a political sphere they scarcely understand, with momentous results for our intellectual and political lives.
2019年1月8日 已读
Actually a fascinating and lucid (maybe biased? and shallow?) description of the ideas of those minds. Eerily there seems to be a “grand return” to the maxim “know thyself” (with a necessity being self-aware). Whilst reading Lure of Syracuse, one could not help but remember the life of Chu Hsi and the Chinese tradition of 得君行道。德里达章最后几小节有助厘清纷乱思潮。
历史 政治 知识分子 近代史
Partisans and Partners 豆瓣
作者: Josh Pacewicz The University of Chicago Press 2016 - 4
There’s no question that Americans are bitterly divided by politics. But in Partisans and Partners, Josh Pacewicz finds that our traditional understanding of red/blue, right/left, urban/rural division is too simplistic.
Wheels-down in Iowa—that most important of primary states—Pacewicz looks to two cities, one traditionally Democratic, the other traditionally Republican, and finds that younger voters are rejecting older-timers’ strict political affiliations. A paradox is emerging—as the dividing lines between America’s political parties have sharpened, Americans are at the same time growing distrustful of traditional party politics in favor of becoming apolitical or embracing outside-the-beltway candidates. Pacewicz sees this change coming not from politicians and voters, but from the fundamental reorganization of the community institutions in which political parties have traditionally been rooted. Weaving together major themes in American political history—including globalization, the decline of organized labor, loss of locally owned industries, uneven economic development, and the emergence of grassroots populist movements—Partisans and Partners is a timely and comprehensive analysis of American politics as it happens on the ground.
REVIEW QUOTES
Andrew Abbott, University of Chicago
“A tale of two cities, and through them, of the tidal shifts of American politics in the last forty years. Based on years of painstaking field work as well as on archival and documentary analysis, the book develops a whole new approach to theorizing American political life. This will be one of the definitive American political ethnographies, right up there with Robert Dahl’s Who Governs?”
Nina Eliasoph, University of Southern California
“This superb study of the transformations of local political power in the United States over the past forty years doubles as a beautiful, tender, and evocative portrait of two whole ways of life, and triples as a set of answers to the most burning political questions of the day. Local politicians, party members, scholars of politics and culture, nonprofit managers, voters: everyone should read this book! By bringing poetry, science, and history to bear on our country—and world’s—most urgent political and social questions, Partisans and Partners ought to become a classic.”
2019年6月7日 已读
A well written study of the changing landscape of the political economy, as opposed to Hochschild's attempt to provide the deep theory and paint the indexical nature of voter reasoning. Voters rarely change, but why median voter theorem worked in the 1950s-1980s but not now is the great mystery, and this book provides one answer.
政治 政治学 社会学 美国 美国政治
The Land of Too Much 豆瓣 Goodreads
作者: Monica Prasad Harvard University Press 2012
The Land of Too Much presents a simple but powerful hypothesis that addresses three questions: Why does the United States have more poverty than any other developed country? Why did it experience an attack on state intervention starting in the 1980s, known today as the neoliberal revolution? And why did it recently suffer the greatest economic meltdown in seventy-five years? Although the United States is often considered a liberal, laissez-faire state, Monica Prasad marshals convincing evidence to the contrary. Indeed, she argues that a strong tradition of government intervention undermined the development of a European-style welfare state. The demand-side theory of comparative political economy she develops here explains how and why this happened. Her argument begins in the late nineteenth century, when America's explosive economic growth overwhelmed world markets, causing price declines everywhere. While European countries adopted protectionist policies in response, in the United States lower prices spurred an agrarian movement that rearranged the political landscape. The federal government instituted progressive taxation and a series of strict financial regulations that ironically resulted in more freely available credit. As European countries developed growth models focused on investment and exports, the United States developed a growth model based on consumption. These large-scale interventions led to economic growth that met citizen needs through private credit rather than through social welfare policies. Among the outcomes have been higher poverty, a backlash against taxation and regulation, and a housing bubble fueled by "mortgage Keynesianism." This book will launch a thousand debates.
2021年9月9日 已读
The weakest point is how the US tax system must contribute to a minimal public welfare state. The only example discussed is the provision of private health care by corporations due to tax loopholes. But how about education and UI and other aspects of welfare state? Also not clear is the availability of credit and the weakening of welfare state.
economics 政治 社会学 美国 美国政治
The Conservative Sensibility 豆瓣
作者: George F. Will Hachette Books 2019 - 6
From the Pulitzer Prize-winning columnist, a monumental new reflection on American conservatism, examining how the Founders’ belief in natural rights created a great American political tradition–one that now finds itself under threat.
For more than four decades, George F. Will has attempted to discern the principles of the Western political tradition and apply them to America’s civic life. Today, the stakes could hardly be higher. Vital questions about the nature of man, of rights, of equality, of majority rule are bubbling just beneath the surface of daily events in America.
The Founders’ vision, articulated first in the Declaration of Independence and carried out in the Constitution, gave the new republic a framework for government unique in world history. Their beliefs in natural rights, limited government, religious freedom, and in human virtue and dignity ushered in two centuries of American prosperity. Now, as Will shows, conservatism is under threat–both from progressives and elements inside the Republican Party. America has become an administrative state, just as destructive trends have overtaken family life and higher education. Semi-autonomous executive agencies wield essentially unaccountable power. Congress has failed in its duty to exercise its legislative powers. And the executive branch has slipped the Constitution’s leash.
In the intellectual battle between the vision of Founding Fathers like James Madison, who advanced the notion of natural rights that pre-exist government, and the progressivism first advanced by Woodrow Wilson, the Founders have been losing. It’s time to reverse America’s political fortunes.
Expansive, intellectually thrilling, and written with the erudite wit that has made Will beloved by millions of readers, The Conservative Sensibility is an extraordinary new book from one of America’s most celebrated political writers.
2019年9月14日 已读
Quite ambivalent about this book. It really does not try to give a coherent and concise account of conservatism in the US. Really about the sensibilities (or drivels?) of an old conservative. Full of sound bites and may be deep...
政治 政治哲学 美国
In the Swarm 豆瓣
作者: Byung-Chul Han 译者: Erik Butler The MIT Press 2017 - 4
The shitstorm represents an authentic phenomenon of digital communication. -- from In the Swarm
Digital communication and social media have taken over our lives. In this contrarian reflection on digitized life, Byung-Chul Han counters the cheerleaders for Twitter revolutions and Facebook activism by arguing that digital communication is in fact responsible for the disintegration of community and public space and is slowly eroding any possibility for real political action and meaningful political discourse. In the predigital, analog era, by the time an angry letter to the editor had been composed, mailed, and received, the immediate agitation had passed. Today, digital communication enables instantaneous, impulsive reaction, meant to express and stir up outrage on the spot. "The shitstorm," writes Han, "represents an authentic phenomenon of digital communication."
Meanwhile, the public, the senders and receivers of these communications have become a digital swarm -- not a mass, or a crowd, or Negri and Hardt's antiquated notion of a "multitude," but a set of isolated individuals incapable of forming a "we," incapable of calling dominant power relations into question, incapable of formulating a future because of an obsession with the present. The digital swarm is a fragmented entity that can focus on individual persons only in order to make them an object of scandal.
Han, one of the most widely read philosophers in Europe today, describes a society in which information has overrun thought, in which the same algorithms are employed by Facebook, the stock market, and the intelligence services. Democracy is under threat because digital communication has made freedom and control indistinguishable. Big Brother has been succeeded by Big Data.
2019年8月15日 已读
Unusually readable book from a german philosopher. (1) The swarm vs. the mass (a la Le Bon) distinction is refreshing. The sward congregates through a mediated anonymous platform but not the mass. The swarm is fleeting and cannot be a force in class struggle. (2) If digitization is communication, tactility and physicality are lost. No Clever Hans.
哲学 德国 政治
The Burnout Society 豆瓣 Goodreads
作者: Byung-Chul Han Stanford Briefs 2015 - 8
Our competitive, service-oriented societies are taking a toll on the late-modern individual. Rather than improving life, multitasking, "user-friendly" technology, and the culture of convenience are producing disorders that range from depression to attention deficit disorder to borderline personality disorder. Byung-Chul Han interprets the spreading malaise as an inability to manage negative experiences in an age characterized by excessive positivity and the universal availability of people and goods. Stress and exhaustion are not just personal experiences, but social and historical phenomena as well. Denouncing a world in which every against-the-grain response can lead to further disempowerment, he draws on literature, philosophy, and the social and natural sciences to explore the stakes of sacrificing intermittent intellectual reflection for constant neural connection.
2019年8月17日 已读 Hmm coding oneself in phenomenological words? ... Not so friendly to readers unfamiliar about phenomenology..
哲学 德国 政治
Psychopolitics 豆瓣
作者: Byung-Chul Han 译者: Erik Butler Verso 2017 - 11
Byung-Chul Han, a star of German philosophy, continues his passionate critique of neoliberalism, trenchantly describing a regime of technological domination that, in contrast to Foucault’s biopower, has discovered the productive force of the psyche. In the course of discussing all the facets of neoliberal psychopolitics fueling our contemporary crisis of freedom, Han elaborates an analytical framework that provides an original theory of Big Data and a lucid phenomenology of emotion. But this provocative essay proposes counter models too, presenting a wealth of ideas and surprising alternatives at every turn.
The Communist Manifesto 豆瓣 Goodreads Goodreads
Manifest der Kommunistischen Partei
7.8 (5 个评分) 作者: Karl Marx / Friedrich Engels 译者: Samuel Moore Penguin 2004 - 6
Originally published on the eve of the 1848 European revolutions, The Communist Manifesto is a condensed and incisive account of the worldview Marx and Engels developed during their hectic intellectual and political collaboration. Formulating the principles of dialectical materialism, they believed that labor creates wealth, hence capitalism is exploitive and antithetical to freedom.
This new edition includes an extensive introduction by Gareth Stedman Jones, Britain's leading expert on Marx and Marxism, providing a complete course for students of The Communist Manifesto, and demonstrating not only the historical importance of the text, but also its place in the world today.
宅兹中国 豆瓣 Goodreads
8.2 (39 个评分) 作者: 葛兆光 中华书局 2011 - 2
这本书讨论“世界”“东亚”与“中国”、“学术”与“政治”、“认同”与“拒斥”、“国别史”与“区域史”这样一些大问题。
2020年5月3日 已读
结论是还没有结论啊...而且这问题都很隐晦的牵扯到了本朝的立国正不正的问题...或许就是因为上不承传,这些问题是无根的讨论。而且对于民族主义的讨论是只有空间维度上的联系,时间维度上的联系并没有论证夷夏非夏,即夷礼的变迁问题;只是草草使用了宋辽对立关系的大环境来掩过学理上缺失,似乎太过于鄙薄古人学问了。而一当讨论到当代亚洲(Asian)观念时,又不免牵涉中日关系,作者也或许不方便说;这一方面,反而得细读列文森和张灏的研究。或许这又是清儒“群趋于乡愿之一途”。
中国 中国历史 历史 政治 政治学
明夷待访录 豆瓣
作者: 黄宗羲 中华书局 1981
2020年4月19日 已读
问题是永恒的问题,答案不一定永恒但是是勇敢的答案。三代以上无乱,三代以下无治,现在再读,也只叹明夷待访,盼“向后二十年交入「大壮」,始得一治,则三代之盛犹未绝望也”。“有亡国,有亡天下,亡国与亡天下奚辨?曰:易姓改号谓之亡国。仁义充塞,而至于率兽食人,人将相食,谓之亡天下。魏晋人之清谈,何以亡天下?是孟子所谓杨、墨之言,至于使天下无父无君,而入于禽兽者也。”
中国 中国历史 历史 哲学 思想史
儒教中国及其现代命运 豆瓣
Confucian China and Its Modern Fate
8.8 (5 个评分) 作者: (美)列文森 译者: 郑大华 / 任菁 广西师范大学出版社 2009 - 5
本书为列文森最重要的著作,也是美国中国学研究的代表作。在饱含思辨的流畅叙述中,作者从哲学思想、官僚制度、政治文化、社会心理和理想人格等层面,生动分析了儒家文化的精神特质以及儒家社会与政治的本质特征,重点论述了儒家文化在中国走向现代化过程中的角色与命运,洞见迭出。在书中,作者提出了一系列深刻的命题,如传统与现代、历史与价值、保守与激进、东方与西方、民族主义和世界主义等,在本书之后的众多甚至是任何一部中国近代思想史的研究著作中,都可见到对这些问题或明或暗的回应。而列文森的价值早已超出了著作本身,他的思考与写作方式,他提出问题的角度,至今仍启发着一代又一代学人。
——————
他不是一个普通的研究者,而是一个创造的天才,后来者必须努力跟上他的脚步……作为老师,我为此而自豪。 ——费正清
对我而言,他不仅是一位亲密的友人,更是一个不会枯竭的思想灵感的源泉。与他的交谈也不仅是令人愉快的,并且能够不断地刺激你产生新的视域与观点。 ——史华慈
很自然,列文森对于官僚—君主制的描述已经且将会被后来的学者所修正,但是,其尼采式的暗示——人们可能将自我的局限强加于他人以服务于自身权力——将作为其论述的核心长存下去。如其许多洞见一样,官僚—君主制这一概念也将继续提醒人们,悖论旨在揭示真理的一个未知片段。
——魏斐德
《儒教中国及其现代命运》是一个天才人物写的一部天才的著作,一部现代经典,西方“中国研究”一个时代的象征。很少有哪一部著作能够引发如此普遍的关注,如此持久的讨论与争论。尽管70年代以来批评之声就不绝于耳,人们却始终无法回避它所提出的问题。
——杜维明
2020年4月19日 已读
即使冲击回应范式是过时的,列文森论证的并非不合理(且极优雅)。列文森第一卷的论证点在于“三千年未有之大变局“时晚清民国学人的儒学取向和论证及后的转向是否有紧密的联系。列文森认为是有的,但列文森的“悲观”结论是儒学是无法推出一套契合现代国家或者说是现代资本主义国家的政治结构(以及社会土壤)。简单来说儒学是不具备也不可改进至(欧陆)现代性,而近代历史是“从天下到万国”;因此现代中国有国家无天下,天下已亡,国家振兴。
中国 中国历史 儒家 历史 思想史
漫长的战败 Goodreads 豆瓣
The Long Defeat: Cultural Trauma, Memory, and Identity in Japan
8.1 (16 个评分) 作者: 桥本明子 译者: 李鹏程 理想国丨上海三联书店 2019 - 7 其它标题: 漫长的战败:日本的文化创伤、记忆与认同
战争中的杀人者,是英雄,魔鬼,抑或一个普通人?
士兵在一场不正义的战争中该担负起怎样的责任?
宣传战争记忆的过程中,政府、传媒、国家扮演了怎样的角色?
个体沉默、后代沉默、媒体沉默,背后都有什么样的因由?
本书致力于探究日本战败创伤记忆的建构与形塑的过程,围绕“记忆的叙述”,力图揭示出日本战败后创伤记忆的生产和再生产。作者以比较的视角,综合运用了访谈、教科书、影像分析在内的多种研究方法和模型,分析政治权力、媒体、个体叙述等在战败文化中各自扮演的角色,对日本在战后数十年间处 理创伤记忆的方式进行了深入而富有同情心的分析。
桥本明子运用自己的聪敏、鲜明的个人风格和彻底的诚实,写了一个读之令人心酸的话题。这是一个如此罕见的组合,每个对历史感兴趣的人都应该注意到这一点。
——伊恩•布鲁玛(Ian Buruma)
本书以新的研究方式讨论了一个老问题:分裂的三种战争记忆形态,以及由此而来的重建统一道德的困境。这个二战结束之后困扰了几代日本人的老问题,曾经在日本思想界内部和日本社会引起过多次争论。本书并没有给这个老问题增添新内容,但却令人信服地告诉我们,这个老问题并没有解决,因而并没有过时;世代更迭,它仍然还在,并催生着后续效应。
——孙歌
如果你想知道日本人如何认识战争的历史,这本书是必读之作。它广泛调查了日本的战争记忆,并进行理论性分析。作者既有对日本的深切理解,又有国际化视角。她通过踏实的调查和理论性的分析揭示出这一点,寻求道德的回归。读者从中能够学到正确地批评生我养我的祖国的过错、追求普遍性道德的知识分子的做法。
——小熊英二
2020年4月20日 已读
由于裕仁天皇至1989年逝世,日本官方长期不得不采取暧昧不清的态度。裕仁天皇逝世后,村上富市首次做了一个不完满的官方道歉。这一立场并没被随后的官方抛弃而是再次以一种界限模糊的(或是以相对主义)态度与“国家正常化”并行,甚至被温和保守派采纳。民间态度则足以用对爱国,参军态度的问卷调查结果证明。日本民间反思或恐惧二战重现远胜官方态度,或许这就是国际刻板印象的根源。即无法从官方话语中轻易辨析日本官方态度的变迁,或者也许是作者自己的猜测:日本人不是欧洲人,日本不似德国;欧盟亟需德国的加入和支持。地缘政治上,把捏住日本的和平宪法,远胜于有自我防御能力的日本。但这本书里缺失的是为何东亚及东南亚诸国的态度(譬如韩国)会有如此大的波动,肇因为何?另Mary Fulbrook亦有一本德国的“漫长的战败”。
历史 政治 日本 日本史
The Teleology of the Modern Nation-State 豆瓣
作者: Fogel, Joshua A. (EDT) University of Pennsylvania Press 2004 - 9
2020年5月1日 已读
As Perdue states, the observation by Lucian Pye of China not having a mature nationalism is accurate (for a sanity check, what is an un-Chinese behavior; and what is un-American or un-British), though his diagnosis of civilization state is inaccurate. To Perdue the problem is the empire. It all points to a gaping hole in the notion of China..
中国 中国历史 历史 政治 民族国家
The Color of Law 豆瓣 谷歌图书 Goodreads
作者: Richard Rothstein Liveright 2017 - 5
In this groundbreaking history of the modern American metropolis, Richard Rothstein, a leading authority on housing policy, explodes the myth that America’s cities came to be racially divided through de facto segregation―that is, through individual prejudices, income differences, or the actions of private institutions like banks and real estate agencies. Rather, The Color of Law incontrovertibly makes clear that it was de jure segregation―the laws and policy decisions passed by local, state, and federal governments―that actually promoted the discriminatory patterns that continue to this day.
Through extraordinary revelations and extensive research that Ta-Nehisi Coates has lauded as "brilliant" (The Atlantic), Rothstein comes to chronicle nothing less than an untold story that begins in the 1920s, showing how this process of de jure segregation began with explicit racial zoning, as millions of African Americans moved in a great historical migration from the south to the north.
Through extraordinary revelations and extensive research that Ta-Nehisi Coates has lauded as "brilliant" (The Atlantic), Rothstein comes to chronicle nothing less than an untold story that begins in the 1920s, showing how this process of de jure segregation began with explicit racial zoning, as millions of African Americans moved in a great historical migration from the south to the north.
The Fair Housing Act of 1968 prohibited future discrimination but did nothing to reverse residential patterns that had become deeply embedded. Yet recent outbursts of violence in cities like Baltimore, Ferguson, and Minneapolis show us precisely how the legacy of these earlier eras contributes to persistent racial unrest. “The American landscape will never look the same to readers of this important book” (Sherrilyn Ifill, president of the NAACP Legal Defense Fund), as Rothstein’s invaluable examination shows that only by relearning this history can we finally pave the way for the nation to remedy its unconstitutional past.
2020年6月9日 已读
very rarely do i have a nauseating sensation when reading. this book did it. the extent of overt or covert racist policies by the government(s) is obscene. such cold cases should not be forgotten. on a more academic note, the author documented well the injustices during new deal and immediate post war, but insufficient for post civil rights.
历史 政治 社会学 种族问题 美国
Undoing the Demos 豆瓣
作者: Wendy Brown Zone Books 2015 - 2
Tracing neoliberalism's devastating erosions of democratic principles, practices, and cultures.
Neoliberal rationality―ubiquitous today in statecraft and the workplace, in jurisprudence, education, and culture―remakes everything and everyone in the image of homo oeconomicus. What happens when this rationality transposes the constituent elements of democracy into an economic register? In Undoing the Demos, Wendy Brown explains how democracy itself is imperiled. The demos disintegrates into bits of human capital; concerns with justice bow to the mandates of growth rates, credit ratings, and investment climates; liberty submits to the imperative of human capital appreciation; equality dissolves into market competition; and popular sovereignty grows incoherent. Liberal democratic practices may not survive these transformations. Radical democratic dreams may not either.
In an original and compelling argument, Brown explains how and why neoliberal reason undoes the political form and political imaginary it falsely promises to secure and reinvigorate. Through meticulous analyses of neoliberalized law, political practices, governance, and education, she charts the new common sense. Undoing the Demos makes clear that for democracy to have a future, it must become an object of struggle and rethinking.
2020年8月3日 已读
perhaps using econ jargon, rationality imposes many pecuniary externalities that no single actor internalizes, and the socially optimal equilibrium is far from competitive equilibrium. but rationality also corners planners into competitive equilibrium rather than being socially optimal. it however does not detail ascendancy of neoliberalism well..
哲学 政治 政治哲学 自由主义