民族
National Colors 豆瓣
作者:
Mara Loveman
Oxford University Press
2014
- 7
The era of official color-blindness in Latin America has come to an end. For the first time in decades, nearly every state in Latin America now asks their citizens to identify their race or ethnicity on the national census. Most observers approvingly highlight the historic novelty of these reforms, but National Colors shows that official racial classification of citizens has a long history in Latin America.
Through a comprehensive analysis of the politics and practice of official ethnoracial classification in the censuses of nineteen Latin American states across nearly two centuries, this book explains why most Latin American states classified their citizens by race on early national censuses, why they stopped the practice of official racial classification around mid-twentieth century, and why they reintroduced ethnoracial classification on national censuses at the dawn of the twenty-first century. Beyond domestic political struggles, the analysis reveals that the ways that Latin American states classified their populations from the mid-nineteenth century onward responded to changes in international criteria for how to construct a modern nation and promote national development. As prevailing international understandings of what made a political and cultural community a modern nation changed, so too did the ways that Latin American census officials depicted diversity within national populations. The way census officials described populations in official statistics, in turn, shaped how policymakers viewed national populations and informed their prescriptions for national development—with consequences that still reverberate in contemporary political struggles for recognition, rights, and redress for ethnoracially marginalized populations in today's Latin America.
Through a comprehensive analysis of the politics and practice of official ethnoracial classification in the censuses of nineteen Latin American states across nearly two centuries, this book explains why most Latin American states classified their citizens by race on early national censuses, why they stopped the practice of official racial classification around mid-twentieth century, and why they reintroduced ethnoracial classification on national censuses at the dawn of the twenty-first century. Beyond domestic political struggles, the analysis reveals that the ways that Latin American states classified their populations from the mid-nineteenth century onward responded to changes in international criteria for how to construct a modern nation and promote national development. As prevailing international understandings of what made a political and cultural community a modern nation changed, so too did the ways that Latin American census officials depicted diversity within national populations. The way census officials described populations in official statistics, in turn, shaped how policymakers viewed national populations and informed their prescriptions for national development—with consequences that still reverberate in contemporary political struggles for recognition, rights, and redress for ethnoracially marginalized populations in today's Latin America.
民族的构建 豆瓣
Nation work : Asian elites and national identities
作者:
[加]卜正民
/
[加] 施恩德
译者:
陈城 等译
/
戴联斌 校
吉林出版集团有限责任公司
2008
- 4
在20世纪,民族国家主导了各种政体和民族的组织方式和身份认同,其权威性和力量非其他的观念可比,与其他时代也很不相同。一个没有民族国家概念的世界,或者不是以民族国家为区分单位的地球是很难想像的。民族国家成功地证明了它组织世界的能力,将社会团体限制在其疆域内,屏蔽了所有可能质疑事物当前状态的观念。
随着全球化的爆炸性发展,民族国家似乎正面临衰退的命运。但《民族的构建》的作者们发现,这种“民族国家衰退论”更多代表着西方人的想法,而不是亚洲人的。对亚洲人而言,在整个19世纪和20世纪,国家的边界已经从很多方面被渗透了:帝国主义的军事侵略,外国政府的殖民统治,传教士的宗教劝导,在国外关税法则管理下的大规模贸易和对外国文化的追捧。这些力量既渗透了也勾画着国家边界线,它所形成的疆域正是民族身份认同所依据的地理空间。亚洲民族的现代史与全球化或者说帝国主义的历史是分不开的,而且这还远未结束。
但这并不意味着东西方关系是亚洲民族国家和民族主义出现的唯一动因。民族大业的兴起,往往与亚洲内部的张力相关,而不是因为亚洲与西方之间千丝万缕的联系。世界体系也许推动了争取现代民族身份认同的斗争,但并没有设定这些斗争的结果。
随着全球化的爆炸性发展,民族国家似乎正面临衰退的命运。但《民族的构建》的作者们发现,这种“民族国家衰退论”更多代表着西方人的想法,而不是亚洲人的。对亚洲人而言,在整个19世纪和20世纪,国家的边界已经从很多方面被渗透了:帝国主义的军事侵略,外国政府的殖民统治,传教士的宗教劝导,在国外关税法则管理下的大规模贸易和对外国文化的追捧。这些力量既渗透了也勾画着国家边界线,它所形成的疆域正是民族身份认同所依据的地理空间。亚洲民族的现代史与全球化或者说帝国主义的历史是分不开的,而且这还远未结束。
但这并不意味着东西方关系是亚洲民族国家和民族主义出现的唯一动因。民族大业的兴起,往往与亚洲内部的张力相关,而不是因为亚洲与西方之间千丝万缕的联系。世界体系也许推动了争取现代民族身份认同的斗争,但并没有设定这些斗争的结果。
华夏边缘 豆瓣 Goodreads
8.7 (6 个评分)
作者:
王明珂
社会科学文献出版社
2006
- 4
本书运用“边缘研究”方法,对“华夏边缘”作了新的解读。作者认为,所谓“边缘研究”,就是“这种研究法将研究的重点由民族的内涵转移至民族的边缘”。并由此通过对“华夏生态边界的形成”、“华夏族群边缘的形成与扩张”、“华夏族群边缘的维持与变迁”等的论述,用以揭示在特定的资源竞争与分配环境中,华夏边缘如何形成与变迁,华夏如何借历史记忆与失忆来凝聚、扩张,以及华夏边缘人群如何借历史记忆与失忆来成为华夏或成为非华夏。
究竟什么是中国人?作为一位研究中国边疆民族史的台湾学者,作者引用大量历史、考古和人类学资料,从一个新的角度——族群边缘的形成与历史回忆——来解读华夏(中国人)的本质,说明在特定的资源竞争与分配环境中,华夏边缘如何形成与变迁,华夏如何藉历史记忆与失忆来凝聚、扩张,以及华夏边缘人群如何藉历史记忆与失忆来成为华夏或成为非华夏。
究竟什么是中国人?作为一位研究中国边疆民族史的台湾学者,作者引用大量历史、考古和人类学资料,从一个新的角度——族群边缘的形成与历史回忆——来解读华夏(中国人)的本质,说明在特定的资源竞争与分配环境中,华夏边缘如何形成与变迁,华夏如何藉历史记忆与失忆来凝聚、扩张,以及华夏边缘人群如何藉历史记忆与失忆来成为华夏或成为非华夏。