Striving to boldly redirect the philosophy of science, this book by renowned philosopher Philip Kitcher examines the heated debate surrounding the role of science in shaping our lives. Kitcher explores the sharp divide between those who believe that the pursuit of scientific knowledge is always valuable and necessary--the purists--and those who believe that it invariably serves the interests of people in positions of power. In a daring turn, he rejects both perspectives, working out a more realistic image of the sciences--one that allows for the possibility of scientific truth, but nonetheless permits social consensus to determine which avenues to investigate. He then proposes a democratic and deliberative framework for responsible scientists to follow.
Controversial, powerful, yet engaging, this volume will appeal to a wide range of readers. Kitcher's nuanced analysis and authoritative conclusion will interest countless scientists as well as all readers of science--scholars and laypersons alike.

In Without Criteria, Steven Shaviro proposes and explores a philosophical fantasy: imagine a world in which Alfred North Whitehead takes the place of Martin Heidegger. What if Whitehead, instead of Heidegger, had set the agenda for postmodern thought? Heidegger asks, "Why is there something, rather than nothing?" Whitehead asks, "How is it that there is always something new?" In a world where everything from popular music to DNA is being sampled and recombined, argues Shaviro, Whitehead's question is the truly urgent one. Without Criteria is Shaviro's experiment in rethinking postmodern theory, especially the theory of aesthetics, from a point of view that hearkens back to Whitehead rather than Heidegger. In working through the ideas of Whitehead and Deleuze, Shaviro also appeals to Kant, arguing that certain aspects of Kant's thought pave the way for the philosophical "constructivism" embraced by both Whitehead and Deleuze. Kant, Whitehead, and Deleuze are not commonly grouped together, but the juxtaposition of them in Without Criteria helps to shed light on a variety of issues that are of concern to contemporary art and media practices.

Edited Dr. Barbara A. Mowat and Paul Werstine
One of Shakespeare's later plays and initially considered a rather lowly example of his work, Cymbeline was disregarded as poorly-conceived 'folly' by such eminent critics as Dr. Johnson. However, in the nineteenth century the play received praise and fondness and it is now fairly highly thought of, partially since it is now not seen as a tragedy but rather a 'romance' and it therefore fits in with The Tempest, Pericles and The Winter's Tale rather than being a poor relation of Coriolanus or Hamlet. It is likely to have been written 1609/10 and was first published in the First Folio of 1623. Its main sources are Holinshed for the English history, Boccaccio for the love story and A Mirror for Magistrates. The story concerns Imogen, the daughter of Cymbeline, King of Britain. Imogen has married Leonatus Posthumus secretly but the girl's stepmother - the queen - reveals this to the king and he banishes Posthumus. The queen's purpose is to bring together her ridiculous son Cloten with Imogen. Yet, Posthumus's certainty about Imogen's fidelity to him is such that in Rome he begins a wager with the Italian Iachimo over a diamond ring she has given him. After a grand deception on the part of the unsuccessful seducer Iachimo, Posthumus orders Imogen's death. Imogen, disguised as Fidele escapes the fatal punishment of Posthumus's jealousy only to be caught up in new disasters among the battles of the Britons and the Roman army. Eventually the truth is revealed and all is resolved but only after much pleading and mistaken identity. Virginia Woolf borrowed the dirge "Fear no more the heat of the sun" as a key theme of her novel Mrs Dalloway. Cymbeline is seen by some as a typical late-Shakespeare reconciliation play with the elements of a steadily darkening plot that involves murder before matters are straightened out to the benefit of all, as in The Winter's Tale and The Tempest.

The Faerie Queene was the first epic in English and one of the most influential poems in the language for later poets from Milton to Tennyson. Dedicating his work to Elizabeth I, Spenser brilliantly united medieval romance and renaissance epic to expound the glory of the Virgin Queen. The poem recounts the quests of knights including Sir Guyon, Knight of Constance, who resists temptation, and Artegall, Knight of Justice, whose story alludes to the execution of Mary Queen of Scots. Composed as an overt moral and political allegory, The Faerie Queene, with its dramatic episodes of chivalry, pageantry and courtly love, is also a supreme work of atmosphere, colour and sensuous description.
Epic poem that was published between 1590 and 1609 by Edmund Spenser. It is the central poem of the Elizabethan period and is one of the great long poems in the English language. A celebration of Protestant nationalism, it represents infidels and papists as villains, King Arthur as the hero, and married chastity as its central value. The form of The Faerie Queene fuses the medieval allegory with the Italian romantic epic. The plan was for 12 books (of which six were completed), focusing on 12 virtues exemplified in the quests of 12 knights from the court of Gloriana, the Faerie Queene, a symbol for Elizabeth I herself. Arthur, in quest of Gloriana's love, would appear in each book and come to exemplify Magnificence, the complete man. Spenser took the decorative chivalry of the Elizabethan court festivals and reworked it through a constantly shifting veil of allegory, so that the knight's adventures and loves build into a complex, multileveled portrayal of the moral life. The verse, a spacious and slow-moving nine-lined stanza (see SPENSERIAN STANZA), and Spenser's archaic language frequently rise to an unrivaled sensuousness. The first installment of the poem (Books I-III) was published in 1590; the second, which contained Books I-III and Books IV-VI, in 1596. The first folio edition, with Books I-VI and the MUTABILITIE CANTOS fragment, appeared in 1609. -- The Merriam-Webster Encyclopedia of Literature

Opening with Professor Tomlinson's superbly clear and helpful introduction this selection reflects the most up-to-date Williams scholarship. In addition to including many more pieces, Tomlinson has organized the whole in chronological order.<br /><br /><br />It isn't what he [the poet] says that counts as a work of art," Williams maintained, "it's what he makes, with such intensity of purpose that it lives with an intrinsic movement of its own to verify its authenticity.

What makes science different from other ways of investigating the world? In Theory and Reality, Peter Godfrey-Smith uses debates--such as the problem of confirmation, the new riddle of induction, and the problem of scientific realism--as a way to introduce, in a completely accessible way, the main themes in the philosophy of science. Intended for undergraduates and general readers with no prior background in philosophy, Theory and Reality starts by surveying the last hundred years of work in the field. It covers logical positivism; induction and confirmation; Karl Popper's theory of science; Thomas Kuhn and "scientific revolutions"; the radical views of Imre Lakatos, Larry Laudan, and Paul Feyerabend; and challenges to the field from sociology of science, feminism, and science studies. The book then looks in detail at some of the broader philosophical issues at stake, such as philosophical naturalism, scientific realism, theories of explanation in science, Bayesianism, and other modern theories of evidence. Finally, Godfrey-Smith presents his own proposal for approaching the philosophy of science. Throughout the text he points out connections between philosophical debates and wider discussions about science in recent decades, such as the infamous "science wars." Examples and asides engage the beginning student, a glossary of terms explains key concepts, and suggestions for further reading are included at the end of each chapter. Like no other text in this field, Theory and Reality combines a survey of recent history of the philosophy of science with current key debates in language that any beginning scholar or critical reader can follow.

In this innovative book, Hasok Chang constructs a philosophy of science for 'realistic people' interested in understanding and promoting the actual practices of inquiry in science and other knowledge-focused areas of life. Inspired by pragmatist philosophy, he reconceives the very notions of reality and truth on the basis of his concept of the 'operational coherence' of epistemic activities, and offers new pragmatist conceptions of truth and reality as operational ideals achievable in actual scientific practice. Rejecting the version of scientific realism that is concerned with claiming that our theories correspond to an ultimate reality, he proposes instead an 'activist realism': a commitment to do all that we can actually do to improve our knowledge of realities. His book will appeal to scholars and students in philosophy, science and the history of science, and all who are concerned about the place of science and empirical truth in society.

The Collected Poems of W. B. Yeats includes all of the poems authorized by Yeats for inclusion in his standard canon. Breathtaking in range, it encompasses the entire arc of his career, from luminous reworkings of ancient Irish myths and legends to passionate meditations on the demands and rewards of youth and old age, from exquisite, occasionally whimsical songs of love, nature, and art to somber and angry poems of life in a nation torn by war and uprising. In observing the development of rich and recurring images and themes over the course of his body of work, we can trace the quest of this century's greatest poet to unite intellect and artistry in a single magnificent vision. Revised and corrected, this edition includes Yeats's own notes on his poetry, complemented by explanatory notes from esteemed Yeats scholar Richard J. Finneran. The Collected Poems of W. B. Yeats is the most comprehensive edition of one of the world's most beloved poets available in paperback.

正如哲学家德特马・马林所说话的那样，几乎不曾有过任何一部比《开放社会及其敌人》更为宏大的，反对那些二十世纪暴行之基础的思想作品。《开放社会及其敌人》初版为1945年，其后马上成为哲学类图书中的畅销书，被译成多种文字，影响深远。在这部巨著中，波卡尔把笔墨集中于对柏拉图、黑格尔和马克思三个思想家的社会政治哲学的批判上，认为正是他们的思想构成现代极权主义的来源，但对于“开放社会”究竟是什么，却很少正面提及更没有加以系统说明。

A. P. Martinich’s best-selling text, Philosophical Writing: An Introduction, has garnered high praise for its ability to help students with little or no experience in philosophy craft a well-written philosophical essay while learning to think analytically and gaining confidence in their essay-writing skills. This substantially updated new edition features a new chapter on how to read a philosophical essay, along with new sections on rhetoric in philosophical writing, and quantification and modality. Fresh essay examples have also been added, providing the reader with concrete examples of all the stages that go into creating a successful philosophy essay. The new edition offers a companion website where students can easily access additional examples and expanded coverage of other helpful topics relating to philosophical writing. Written with clarity and wit and offering invaluable guidance, Philosophical Writing: An Introduction, 4th Edition, is an essential resource for all philosophy students.

The philosophy of mind has long been part of the core philosophy curriculum, and this book is the classic, comprehensive survey of the subject. Designed as an introduction to the field for upper-level undergraduates and graduate students, Philosophy of Mind focuses on the mind–body problem and related issues, some touching on the status of psychology and cognitive science. The third edition has been thoroughly updated throughout to reflect developments of the past decade, and it is the only text of its kind that provides a serious and respectful treatment of substance dualism. This edition also includes two new chapters on the nature of consciousness and the status of consciousness. Improved readability and clarity has been one important aim of the new edition. Throughout the text, author Jaegwon Kim allows readers to come to their own terms with the central problems of the mind. At the same time, Kim’s own emerging views are on display and serve to move the discussion forward. Comprehensive, clear, and fair, Philosophy of Mind is a model of philosophical exposition and a significant contribution to the field.

Metaphysics: A Contemporary Introduction is for students who have already done an introductory philosophy course. Michael J. Loux provides a fresh look at the central topics in metaphysics, making this essential reading for any student of the subject. This third edition is revised and updated and includes two new chapters on Time and Causation.
Topics addressed include:
· the problem of universals
· the nature of abstract entities
· the problem of individuation
· the nature of modality
· identity through time
· the nature of time
· the Realism/anti-Realism debate
Wherever possible, Michael J. Loux relates contemporary views to their classical sources in the history of philosophy. As an experienced teacher of philosophy and an important contributor to recent debates, Loux is uniquely qualified to write this book.
· the third edition retains the student -friendly features of previous editions:
· chapter overviews summarizing the main topics of study
· examples to clarify difficult concepts annotated further reading at the end of each chapter
· endnotes and a full bibliography

A major work in the development of critical theory in the late twentieth century, Anti-Oedipus is an essential text for feminists, literary theorists, social scientists, philosophers, and others interested in the problems of contemporary Western culture.
In his preface, Michel Foucault calls Anti-Oedipus an introduction to non-fascist life, referring not just to political fascism but to the fascism within us--- the desire to be led. To address that problem, Deleuze and Guattari propose a political analysis of desire as it is expressed or repressed in Western culture. They find the seeds of society's sickness in contemporary psychoanalysis, especially in the powerful figure of Oedipus.

One of the major works of an important modem philosopher, Matter and Memory investigates the autonomous yet interconnected planes formed by matter and perception on the one hand and memory and time on the other.<br /> <br /> Henry Bergson (1859-1941) was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1927. His works include Time and Free Will, An Introduction to Metaphysics, Creative Evolution, and The Creative Mind.

In this analysis of one major philosopher by another, Gilles Deleuze identifies three pivotal concepts - duration, memory, and élan vital - that are found throughout Bergson's writings and shows the relevance of Bergson's work to contemporary philosophical debates. He interprets and integrates these themes into a single philosophical program, arguing that Bergson's philosophical intentions are methodological. They are more than a polemic against the limitations of science and common sense, particularly in Bergson's elaboration of the explanatory powers of the notion of duration - thinking in terms of time rather than space.

亨利·列斐伏尔的《都市革命》（1970）是与大卫?哈维的《社会正义与城市》（1973）以及曼纽·卡斯特的《都市问题》（1972）齐名的三大城市马克思主义经典之一。《都市革命》初版于1970年，它是一部超出了时代与专业、预言了都市社会的到来的哲学著作，它凭借1968年“五月风暴”的余火曾经风靡一时，在英美世界掀起了一场新的社会理论研究的革命，列斐伏尔因此也被卡斯特称为“当代马克思主义*伟大的地理学家之一”。在时隔40年之后，面对2008年美国的房地产危机，哈维重新赋予了《城市革命》以新的时代价值与意义，而中国当下的都市化运动也迫切需要我们建构起马克思主义的城市理论。

Lefebvre's classic analysis of daily life under capitalism in one complete volume
The three-volume text by Henri Lefebvre is perhaps the richest, most prescient work about modern capitalism to emerge from one of the twentieth century's greatest philosophers and is now available for the first time in one complete volume. Written at the birth of post-war consumerism, Critique was an inspiration for the 1968 student revolution in France. It is a founding text of cultural studies and a major influence on the fields of contemporary philosophy, geography, sociology, architecture, political theory and urbanism. Lefebvre takes as his starting point and guide the "trivial" details of quotidian experience: an experience colonized by the commodity, shadowed by inauthenticity, yet remaining the only source of resistance and change. This is an enduringly radical text, untimely today only in its intransigence and optimism.