人类学
An Anthropology of the Machine 豆瓣
作者:
MICHAEL FISCH
出版社:
The University of Chicago Press
2018
- 6
With its infamously packed cars and disciplined commuters, Tokyo’s commuter train network is one of the most complex technical infrastructures on Earth. In An Anthropology of the Machine, Michael Fisch provides a nuanced perspective on how Tokyo’s commuter train network embodies the lived realities of technology in our modern world. Drawing on his fine-grained knowledge of transportation, work, and everyday life in Tokyo, Fisch shows how fitting into a system that operates on the extreme edge of sustainability can take a physical and emotional toll on a community while also creating a collective way of life—one with unique limitations and possibilities.
An Anthropology of the Machine is a creative ethnographic study of the culture, history, and experience of commuting in Tokyo. At the same time, it is a theoretically ambitious attempt to think through our very relationship with technology and our possible ecological futures. Fisch provides an unblinking glimpse into what it might be like to inhabit a future in which more and more of our infrastructure—and the planet itself—will have to operate beyond capacity to accommodate our ever-growing population.
An Anthropology of the Machine is a creative ethnographic study of the culture, history, and experience of commuting in Tokyo. At the same time, it is a theoretically ambitious attempt to think through our very relationship with technology and our possible ecological futures. Fisch provides an unblinking glimpse into what it might be like to inhabit a future in which more and more of our infrastructure—and the planet itself—will have to operate beyond capacity to accommodate our ever-growing population.
High Religion 豆瓣
作者:
Sherry B. Ortner
出版社:
Princeton University Press
1989
- 9
An eminent anthropologist examines the foundings of the first celibate Buddhist monasteries among the Sherpas of Nepal in the early twentieth century - a religious development that was a major departure from 'folk' or 'popular' Buddhism. Sherry Ortner is the first to integrate social scientific and historical modes of analysis in a study of the Sherpa monasteries and one of the very few to attempt such an account for Buddhist monasteries anywhere. Combining ethnographic and oral-historical methods, she scrutinizes the interplay of political and cultural factors in the events culminating in the foundings. Her work constitutes a major advance both in our knowledge of Sherpa Buddhism and in the integration of anthropological and historical modes of analysis. At the theoretical level, this book contributes to an emerging theory of 'practice', an explanation of the relationship between human intentions and actions on the one hand, and the structures of society and culture that emerge from and feed back upon those intentions and actions on the other. It will appeal not only to the increasing number of anthropologists working on similar problems but also to historians anxious to discover what anthropology has to offer to historical analysis. In addition, it will be essential reading for those interested in Nepal, Tibet, the Sherpa, or Buddhism in general.
圣俗之间 豆瓣
作者:
龚锐
出版社:
云南人民出版社
2008
- 8
西双版纳过去一往情深地寻找天国宝座的那些傣族信众,正在被现代物质文明的温情所指使;守望精神家园的信徒,也正成群结队地走在通往世俗乐园大道上。神圣与世俗在当下的西双版纳傣族社会中已经走得很近了,以至于我们难以界定其各自的疆界。
本书分11个章节,对西双版纳傣族赕佛世俗化的人类学进行了研究,具体内容包括西双版纳傣族南传佛教与赕佛消费、西双版纳傣族赕佛消费与佛寺、西双版纳傣族赕佛消费中的行为与仪式、西双版纳傣族南传佛教与原始宗教在赕佛消费中的交融等。该书可供从事相关工作的人员作为参考用书使用。
在全球性宗教世俗化的大背景下,上帝和佛祖似乎已不复存在。神和佛的远去,带走了人们的精神童话,留给人们的是一个巨大的惊叹号和在这个惊叹号面前的无序与精神恐慌。然而,在一次又一次造神运动和捣神狂潮中,上帝并没有在真正意义上死去。人们反叛上帝,并不仅仅在于上帝的虚幻和无稽,而在于上帝至高无上的权威和无所不能的法力。同样,人们祈求神与佛,亦出于相同的缘由。
在当下的宗教生活中,神圣与世俗的日愈弥合,彰显出利他主义的宗教原则正在与凡夫俗子们的利己主义座右铭融为一体。人们表面所尊崇的所有的宗教原则仅仅是能接近神或佛的桥梁,其终极目的在于能获得向往已久的人世生活的幸福,并拿到出世生活的一张进入天国的门票。如此,便决定着在任何宗教信仰者那里,利他主义行为并非就是高尚而神圣,其灵魂深处同样存在着利己主义世俗生活的自我意识的扩张;如此,亦决定着教民们的宗教消费观及宗教消费生活不断地靠近“世俗之城”;如此,还决定着僧侣们的生活方式进一步跨入世俗生活轨道的必然性。
本书分11个章节,对西双版纳傣族赕佛世俗化的人类学进行了研究,具体内容包括西双版纳傣族南传佛教与赕佛消费、西双版纳傣族赕佛消费与佛寺、西双版纳傣族赕佛消费中的行为与仪式、西双版纳傣族南传佛教与原始宗教在赕佛消费中的交融等。该书可供从事相关工作的人员作为参考用书使用。
在全球性宗教世俗化的大背景下,上帝和佛祖似乎已不复存在。神和佛的远去,带走了人们的精神童话,留给人们的是一个巨大的惊叹号和在这个惊叹号面前的无序与精神恐慌。然而,在一次又一次造神运动和捣神狂潮中,上帝并没有在真正意义上死去。人们反叛上帝,并不仅仅在于上帝的虚幻和无稽,而在于上帝至高无上的权威和无所不能的法力。同样,人们祈求神与佛,亦出于相同的缘由。
在当下的宗教生活中,神圣与世俗的日愈弥合,彰显出利他主义的宗教原则正在与凡夫俗子们的利己主义座右铭融为一体。人们表面所尊崇的所有的宗教原则仅仅是能接近神或佛的桥梁,其终极目的在于能获得向往已久的人世生活的幸福,并拿到出世生活的一张进入天国的门票。如此,便决定着在任何宗教信仰者那里,利他主义行为并非就是高尚而神圣,其灵魂深处同样存在着利己主义世俗生活的自我意识的扩张;如此,亦决定着教民们的宗教消费观及宗教消费生活不断地靠近“世俗之城”;如此,还决定着僧侣们的生活方式进一步跨入世俗生活轨道的必然性。
邊疆與帝國之間 豆瓣
9.2 (5 个评分)
作者:
連瑞枝
出版社:
聯經出版公司
2019
- 9
「邊境社會」是一個被集體建構出來的概念。
歷史上的中國政治,建立了一套以華夏為中心的天下觀,透過朝貢與土司羈縻的方式,來維持其與邊緣四夷的政治秩序。
「華夏中心」形塑「典範歷史」的框架,相對於「中心」而存在的「邊境」,
被政治制度、官僚體系、特定的文明意識形態與文化架構,塑造成一個在地理、政治、權力與文化層面的邊陲地位。
連瑞枝在《邊疆與帝國之間:明朝統治下的西南人群與歷史》一書中,以中國西南之白人治理階層以及周邊鄰近人群為研究對象:識文與信仰佛教的白人精英階層曾維持六百年的佛教王權,在明朝統治下,成為帝國治理西南的重要中介者,他們在推動西南人群社會與歷史的形塑過程中,扮演相當重要的角色。書中沿著二個軸線,一是地方社會,一是帝國制度,討論不同人群如何在帝國身分制度下選擇成為僧人、士人與土官,並在土官與流官二元政治架構中,後續產生人群結群與社會聯盟對象之分流與變化。
西南人群為了申明身分而做出一系列的行動與選擇,而身分選擇的背後都有其政治與宗教的考量。書中主要以儀式權與儀式化機構的角度來討論人群與社會結盟的機制,這些精英階層為了尋求儀式權的合法性,也使其社會的整體精神隨著身分分流而產生歷史敘事的歧異與分化,包括大理白人世族的身分流動與移徙;土官聯姻、政治聯盟與「盜匪」動亂;乃至於在明朝儀式改革下,不同身分的人群如何透過一套儀式框架與政治語言來追求身分的合法性。
全書以地方人群的流動與階層重組、口傳到文字書寫、正統儀式權與歷史話語權等角度,來描寫一段族群政治流變與族群形塑的歷史。是一本致力於從邊境人群角度重構歷史的學術作品。
歷史上的中國政治,建立了一套以華夏為中心的天下觀,透過朝貢與土司羈縻的方式,來維持其與邊緣四夷的政治秩序。
「華夏中心」形塑「典範歷史」的框架,相對於「中心」而存在的「邊境」,
被政治制度、官僚體系、特定的文明意識形態與文化架構,塑造成一個在地理、政治、權力與文化層面的邊陲地位。
連瑞枝在《邊疆與帝國之間:明朝統治下的西南人群與歷史》一書中,以中國西南之白人治理階層以及周邊鄰近人群為研究對象:識文與信仰佛教的白人精英階層曾維持六百年的佛教王權,在明朝統治下,成為帝國治理西南的重要中介者,他們在推動西南人群社會與歷史的形塑過程中,扮演相當重要的角色。書中沿著二個軸線,一是地方社會,一是帝國制度,討論不同人群如何在帝國身分制度下選擇成為僧人、士人與土官,並在土官與流官二元政治架構中,後續產生人群結群與社會聯盟對象之分流與變化。
西南人群為了申明身分而做出一系列的行動與選擇,而身分選擇的背後都有其政治與宗教的考量。書中主要以儀式權與儀式化機構的角度來討論人群與社會結盟的機制,這些精英階層為了尋求儀式權的合法性,也使其社會的整體精神隨著身分分流而產生歷史敘事的歧異與分化,包括大理白人世族的身分流動與移徙;土官聯姻、政治聯盟與「盜匪」動亂;乃至於在明朝儀式改革下,不同身分的人群如何透過一套儀式框架與政治語言來追求身分的合法性。
全書以地方人群的流動與階層重組、口傳到文字書寫、正統儀式權與歷史話語權等角度,來描寫一段族群政治流變與族群形塑的歷史。是一本致力於從邊境人群角度重構歷史的學術作品。
Métaphysiques cannibales 豆瓣
作者:
Eduardo Viveiros de Castro
出版社:
Presses Universitaires de France - PUF
2009
- 11
A Death in the Rainforest 豆瓣
作者:
Don Kulick
出版社:
Algonquin Books
2019
- 6
“An epic narrative in crystalline prose of the poignant death of an ancient language and the enchanted universe it signified in a remote New Guinea village related by a gifted anthropologist who lived there on and off for 30 years as the ghost of a departed villager, sharing its communal virtues and a considerable measure of its suffering. A unique testament of global history as personal experience: you won't be able to put it down.”
—Marshall Sahlins, Charles F. Grey Distinguished Service Professor of Anthropology Emeritus,The University of Chicago
“Perhaps the finest and most profound account of ethnographic fieldwork and discovery that has ever entered the anthropological literat ure.”
—The Wall Street Journal
“If you want to experience a profoundly different culture without the exhausting travel (to say nothing of the cost), this is an excellent choice.”
—The Washington Post
As a young anthropologist, Don Kulick went to the tiny village of Gapun in New Guinea to document the death of the native language, Tayap. He arrived knowing that you can’t study a language without understanding the daily lives of the people who speak it: how they talk to their children, how they argue, how they gossip, how they joke. Over the course of thirty years, he returned again and again to document Tayap before it disappeared entirely, and he found himself inexorably drawn into their world, and implicated in their destiny. Kulick wanted to tell the story of Gapuners—one that went beyond the particulars and uses of their language—that took full stock of their vanishing culture. This book takes us inside the village as he came to know it, revealing what it is like to live in a difficult-to-get-to village of two hundred people, carved out like a cleft in the middle of a tropical rainforest. But A Death in the Rainforest is also an illuminating look at the impact of Western culture on the farthest reaches of the globe and the story of why this anthropologist realized finally that he had to give up his study of this language and this village.
An engaging, deeply perceptive, and brilliant interrogation of what it means to study a culture, A Death in the Rainforest takes readers into a world that endures in the face of massive changes, one that is on the verge of disappearing forever.
—Marshall Sahlins, Charles F. Grey Distinguished Service Professor of Anthropology Emeritus,The University of Chicago
“Perhaps the finest and most profound account of ethnographic fieldwork and discovery that has ever entered the anthropological literat ure.”
—The Wall Street Journal
“If you want to experience a profoundly different culture without the exhausting travel (to say nothing of the cost), this is an excellent choice.”
—The Washington Post
As a young anthropologist, Don Kulick went to the tiny village of Gapun in New Guinea to document the death of the native language, Tayap. He arrived knowing that you can’t study a language without understanding the daily lives of the people who speak it: how they talk to their children, how they argue, how they gossip, how they joke. Over the course of thirty years, he returned again and again to document Tayap before it disappeared entirely, and he found himself inexorably drawn into their world, and implicated in their destiny. Kulick wanted to tell the story of Gapuners—one that went beyond the particulars and uses of their language—that took full stock of their vanishing culture. This book takes us inside the village as he came to know it, revealing what it is like to live in a difficult-to-get-to village of two hundred people, carved out like a cleft in the middle of a tropical rainforest. But A Death in the Rainforest is also an illuminating look at the impact of Western culture on the farthest reaches of the globe and the story of why this anthropologist realized finally that he had to give up his study of this language and this village.
An engaging, deeply perceptive, and brilliant interrogation of what it means to study a culture, A Death in the Rainforest takes readers into a world that endures in the face of massive changes, one that is on the verge of disappearing forever.
丝绸之路古代居民种族人类学研究 豆瓣
作者:
韩康信
出版社:
新疆人民出版社
1993
伊犁河流域塞人和乌孙的古代文明 豆瓣
作者:
K.A.阿奇舍夫
/
库沙耶夫
译者:
孙危
出版社:
兰州大学出版社
2013
- 5
《伊犁河流域塞人和乌孙的古代文明》是苏联时期出版的一部非常有影响的考古学专著。《伊犁河流域塞人和乌孙的古代文明》汇集了伊犁河下游地区大量的考古发掘资料,并对考古学遗存的族属、年代以及考古资料所反映的古代人类的经济形态、社会组织形态等问题进行了较为深入的探讨。这一研究成果,对中国境内伊犁河上游地区同时代考古学文化的研究具有不言而喻的重要参考价值和借鉴价值。《伊犁河流域塞人和乌孙的古代文明》俄文版出版至今已近五十年了,但一直没有中文版问世,这对中国考古学者不能不说是一个很大的遗憾。
行者诡道 豆瓣
作者:
[美]娜塔莉·泽蒙·戴维斯
译者:
周兵
出版社:
北京大学出版社
2018
- 11
1518年,葡萄牙海盗在地中海上抓捕了一位北非外交官,他叫哈桑·瓦桑,来自菲斯,正奉苏丹之命出使土耳其。这是海盗们头一次抓到身份如此显赫的穆斯林,如获至宝,将他敬献给教皇利奥十世。哈桑·瓦桑被关押在罗马圣天使堡。一年多后,他表示愿意改变自幼抱持的信仰,皈依基督教。教皇亲自施洗,并为他改名约安尼斯·利奥。改变信仰大概只是哈桑/利奥为获自由的权宜之计。在意大利生活九年之后,他销声匿迹,很可能伺机回到了他成长和热爱的北非伊斯兰世界。
滞留意大利期间,哈桑/利奥以基督教世界的欧洲读者为对象,撰写了一部《非洲寰宇地理志》,回忆和记录自己早年出使埃及、土耳其、撒哈拉沙漠以南非洲各地的见闻经历。这是中世纪欧洲的第一部非洲地理志,出版后风靡一时,甚至塑造了此后数百年间欧洲人对非洲和伊斯兰世界的认识。
在本书中,著名新文化史家娜塔莉·泽蒙·戴维斯利用手抄本、档案和同时代人物的著述等种种资料,对哈桑/利奥这一身处16世纪两大对立思想世界的夹缝之中的历史人物,进行了前所未有的深入研究。
————————————————————
“博学而富有想象力……因其新锐的史学技艺,戴维斯教授已成为当今最优秀的历史学家中的标杆性人物。她能从乏善可陈的档案材料中开掘发人深省的洞见,她在人类学和文本批评方面的技巧堪称出神入化,她擅长从个别历史人物的人生与经历中提炼广泛的历史认识,这一切都使得戴维斯教授堪称当世最有影响力的历史学家。”——The New York Sun
滞留意大利期间,哈桑/利奥以基督教世界的欧洲读者为对象,撰写了一部《非洲寰宇地理志》,回忆和记录自己早年出使埃及、土耳其、撒哈拉沙漠以南非洲各地的见闻经历。这是中世纪欧洲的第一部非洲地理志,出版后风靡一时,甚至塑造了此后数百年间欧洲人对非洲和伊斯兰世界的认识。
在本书中,著名新文化史家娜塔莉·泽蒙·戴维斯利用手抄本、档案和同时代人物的著述等种种资料,对哈桑/利奥这一身处16世纪两大对立思想世界的夹缝之中的历史人物,进行了前所未有的深入研究。
————————————————————
“博学而富有想象力……因其新锐的史学技艺,戴维斯教授已成为当今最优秀的历史学家中的标杆性人物。她能从乏善可陈的档案材料中开掘发人深省的洞见,她在人类学和文本批评方面的技巧堪称出神入化,她擅长从个别历史人物的人生与经历中提炼广泛的历史认识,这一切都使得戴维斯教授堪称当世最有影响力的历史学家。”——The New York Sun
民国川边游踪之《西康札记》 豆瓣
作者:
任乃强
出版社:
中国藏学出版社
2010
- 1
此书为作者1929-1930年应川康边防指挥部之邀,以视察员身份对西康各县进行全面考察后撰写的视察情况报告,及作者游迹所至名胜古迹,民情俚俗之札记,并附12幅作者手绘实地勘测地图。