歷史
Strategy and Structure 豆瓣
所属 作品: 战略与结构
作者: Alfred D. Chandler The MIT Press 1969 - 8
This book shows how the seventy largest corporations in America have dealt with a single economic problem: the effective administration of an expanding business. The author summarizes the history of the expansion of the nation's largest industries during the past hundred years and then examines in depth the modern decentralized corporate structure as it was developed independently by four companies--du Pont, General Motors, Standard Oil (New Jersey), and Sears, Roebuck. This 1990 reprint includes a new introduction by the author.
Zero Goodreads 豆瓣
所属 作品: 神奇的数字零
作者: Charles Seife Penguin Books 2000 - 9
A concise and appealing look at the strangest number in the universe and its continuing role as one of the great paradoxes of human thought
The Babylonians invented it, the Greeks banned it, the Hindus worshiped it, and the Church used it to fend off heretics. Now, as Y2K fever rages, it threatens a technological apocalypse. For centuries the power of zero savored of the demonic; once harnessed, it became the most important tool in mathematics. For zero, infinity's twin, is not like other numbers. It is both nothing and everything.
In Zero science journalist Charles Seife follows this innocent-looking number from its birth as an Eastern philosophical concept to its struggle for acceptance in Europe, its rise and transcendence in the West, and its ever-present threat to modern physics. Here are the legendary thinkers--from Pythagoras to Newton to Heisenberg, from the Kabalists to today's astrophysicists--who have tried to understand it and whose clashes shook the foundations of philosophy, science, mathematics, and religion. Zero has pitted East against West and faith against reason, and its intransigence persists in the dark core of a black hole and the brilliant flash of the Big Bang. Today, zero lies at the heart of one of the biggest scientific controversies of all time, the quest for a theory of everything.
Readers of Fermat's Enigma, The Man Who Loved Only Numbers, Seeing and Believing, and Longitudewill find the revealingly illustrated Zero freshly informative, easy to understand, and--infinitely--fascinating. --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title.
從自由到壟斷-中國貨幣經濟兩千年(上下/平裝) 豆瓣
作者: 朱嘉明 遠流
凱恩斯在《貨幣論》裡頭有一句話:「如果以貨幣為主線,重新撰寫經濟史,那將是相當激動人心的。」這部《從自由到壟斷──中國貨幣兩千年》就是從貨幣經濟的角度,對中國歷史的一番梳理和解讀。
作者朱嘉明是中國大陸在一九八○年代的「改革四君子」,受趙紫陽提拔,先後擔任國務院技術經濟研究中心助理研究員、中國社會科學院副研究員、河南省體制改革委員會副主任、北京青年經濟學會負責人、《中青年經濟論壇》主編、中國西部研究中心主任、中信國際問題研究所副所長。
朱嘉明在一九八四年籌辦「莫干山會議」,意氣風發,今天中國大陸金融界的一把手,如央行行長周小川、北京大學光華管理學院院長張維迎、中國國務院副總理王岐山,都是當年在會議中登場的青年學者。
六四之後,朱嘉明流亡海外,先後在美國、澳州、東南亞各國進修、工作。二○○○年之後,先後在聯合國工業發展組織(UNIDO)擔任工業發展官員,目前在奧地利維也納大學任教。
在這部耗時十年完成的著作,朱嘉明不僅思考當年中國大陸經濟改革之後,人民幣如何從沒有「含金量」、同時也不具備一般貨幣功能的通貨,走向市場經濟、進而發生通貨膨漲的過程,他更從歷史的脈絡,去看待貨幣在中國過去兩千年歷史中所扮演的角色,因而有了許多新的見解。
秦始皇滅六國,中國從此走入中央集權的皇權統治,但其中當時的統治技術還不足以管理這麼大的國家,因而貨幣經濟這一塊,向來是歷朝歷代鞭長莫及的,也因此,中國的貨幣經濟向來表現出濃厚的自由經濟色彩。而秦朝本身的滅亡,很大一部分原因是統一幣制,造成通貨緊縮,「錢貴物賤」。
中國向來是以政治力量的強弱來評判一個朝代的表現。所以像南宋,一般認為是不及格的朝代,但是從貨幣經濟的角度來看南宋,由於南宋的商品經濟非常發達,所積累的財富足以支撐與蒙古長達三十年的軍事對抗,甚至,在蒙古滅宋之後,宋朝的貴金屬財富成為蒙古維持一個橫跨歐亞帝國的資本。
像這樣不同於一般看待歷史的見解,在書中處處都是。而這本書就現實層面最重要的關注在於:國民政府在中國大陸所做的法幣改革以失敗告終,且為人民幣登場鋪了路。在作者眼中,人民幣是法幣的一種延續,而其基本想法都與凱因斯的貨幣思想相關。
目前的人民幣是一種「雙重」壟斷的貨幣,國家對貨幣發行權的壟斷和對支持人民幣的物資資源的壟斷。人民幣成了完全依賴於政府和國家信用的紙幣。在人民幣制度下,中國人民財富的形態只有人民幣,而人民幣為國家壟斷,國家透過人民幣供給數量和物價的不斷變動,實現國民財富的重分配。
在這樣的情形下來看人民幣的國際化、能否取代美元,以及如何控制通貨膨脹,都存在許多變數,本書在這部份,恰可提出多角度的觀照。
All the Countries We've Ever Invaded 豆瓣
作者: Stuart Laycock The History Press 2012 - 11
Out of 193 countries that are currently UN member states, we've invaded or fought conflicts in the territory of 171. That's not far off a massive, jaw-dropping 90 per cent. Not too many Britons know that we invaded Iran in the Second World War with the Soviets. You can be fairly sure a lot more Iranians do. Or what about the time we arrived with elephants to invade Ethiopia? Every summer, hordes of British tourists now occupy Corfu and the other Ionian islands. Find out how we first invaded them armed with cannon instead of camera and set up the United States of the Ionian Islands. Think the Philippines have always been outside our zone of influence? Think again. Read the surprising story of our eighteenth-century occupation of Manila and how we demanded a ransom of millions of dollars for the city. This book takes a look at some of the truly awe-inspiring ways our country has been a force, for good and for bad, right across the world. A lot of people are vaguely aware that a quarter of the globe was once pink, but that's not even half the story. We're a stroppy, dynamic, irrepressible nation and this is how we changed the world, often when it didn't ask to be changed!
As Time Goes By 豆瓣
作者: Chris Freeman / Francisco Louçã Oxford University Press, USA 2002 - 5
How can we best understand the impact of revolutionary technologies on the business cycle, the economy, and society? Why is economics meaningless without history and without an understanding of institutional and technical change? Does the 'new economy' mean the 'end of history'? These are some of the questions addressed in this authoritative analysis of economic growth from the Industrial Revolution to the 'new economy' of today. Chris Freeman has been one of the foremost researchers on innovation for a long time and his colleague Francisco Louca is an outstanding historian of economic theory and an analyst of econometric models and methods. Together they chart the history of five technological revolutions: water-powered mechanization, steam-powered mechanization, electrification, motorization, and computerization. They demonstrate the necessity to take account of politics, culture, organizational change, and entrepreneurship, as well as science and technology in the analysis of economic growth. This is a well-informed, highly topical, and persuasive study of interest across all the social sciences.
The Evolution of Economic Thought 豆瓣
所属 作品: 经济思想史
作者: Stanley Brue / Randy Grant South-Western College Pub 2006 - 4
The Seventh Edition of THE EVOLUTION OF ECONOMIC THOUGHT presents the history of economics and the philosophies that drive the economic way of thinking. It stresses the importance of understanding contemporary economics, by grasping new ideas, evidence, problems and values that call for reconsideration of basic disputes and major contributions of the past. The textbook explains the ideas of the great economic thinkers and their logical connections to the world of today and tomorrow. Updated pedagogical features provide clear insight into issues like antitrust perspectives and game theory. Introducing ideas like Robert Solow's pioneering model to discuss recent renewed emphasis on growth theory and technological change, the author sheds historical light on modern debates and thoughts. Stanley Brue and Randy Grant carry on the legacy of Jacob Oser, the book's creator, by offering a scholarly and timely presentation of the history of economic thought.
Paths of Innovation 豆瓣
作者: David C. Mowery / Nathan Rosenberg Cambridge University Press 1999 - 10
In 1903 the Wright brothers' airplane travelled a couple of hundred yards. Today fleets of streamlined jets transport millions of people each day to cities worldwide. Between discovery and application, between invention and widespread use, there is a world of innovation, of tinkering, improvement and adaptation. This is the world David Mowery and Nathan Rosenberg map out in Paths of Innovation, a tour of the intersecting routes of technological change. Throughout their book, Mowery and Rosenberg demonstrate that the simultaneous emergence of new engineering and applied science disciplines in the universities, in tandem with growth in the Research and Development industry and scientific research, has been a primary factor in the rapid rate of technological change. Innovation and incentives to develop new, viable processes have led to the creation of new economic resources - which will determine the future of technological innovation and economic growth.
Weaving the Web 豆瓣
所属 作品: 编织万维网
作者: Tim Berners-Lee Harper Paperbacks 2000 - 11
Named one of the greatest minds of the 20th century by Time , Tim Berners-Lee is responsible for one of that century's most important advancements: the world wide web. Now, this low-profile genius-who never personally profitted from his invention -offers a compelling protrait of his invention. He reveals the Web's origins and the creation of the now ubiquitous http and www acronyms and shares his views on such critical issues as censorship, privacy, the increasing power of softeware companies , and the need to find the ideal balance between commercial and social forces. He offers insights into the true nature of the Web, showing readers how to use it to its fullest advantage. And he presents his own plan for the Web's future, calling for the active support and participation of programmers, computer manufacturers, and social organizations to manage and maintain this valuable resource so that it can remain a powerful force for social change and an outlet for individual creativity.
The Most Powerful Idea in the World 豆瓣
作者: William Rosen Random House 2010 - 6
If all measures of human advancement in the last hundred centuries were plotted on a graph, they would show an almost perfectly flat line—until the eighteenth century, when the Industrial Revolution would cause the line to shoot straight up, beginning an almost uninterrupted march of progress.

In The Most Powerful Idea in the World , William Rosen tells the story of the men responsible for the Industrial Revolution and the machine that drove it—the steam engine. In the process he tackles the question that has obsessed historians ever since: What made eighteenth-century Britain such fertile soil for inventors? Rosen’s answer focuses on a simple notion that had become enshrined in British law the century before: that people had the right to own and profit from their ideas.

The result was a period of frantic innovation revolving particularly around the promise of steam power. Rosen traces the steam engine’s history from its early days as a clumsy but sturdy machine, to its coming-of-age driving the wheels of mills and factories, to its maturity as a transporter for people and freight by rail and by sea. Along the way we enter the minds of such inventors as Thomas Newcomen and James Watt, scientists including Robert Boyle and Joseph Black, and philosophers John Locke and Adam Smith—all of whose insights, tenacity, and ideas transformed first a nation and then the world.
William Rosen is a masterly storyteller with a keen eye for the “aha!” moments of invention and a gift for clear and entertaining explanations of science. The Most Powerful Idea in the World will appeal to readers fascinated with history, science, and the hows and whys of innovation itself.
東坡志林 豆瓣
所属 作品: 東坡志林
8.5 (15 个评分) 作者: 苏轼 译者: 王松龄 点校 中华书局 1981 - 9
《东坡志林》可以说是苏轼的“滑稽文学”。作者不但记载了许多的朝野大事,也融铸了许多荒诞不经的传说。涉笔成趣。在很大程度上开启了明代小品文的风格。
宋元學案(全四冊) 豆瓣
作者: [清] 黃宗羲 原著 / [清] 全祖望 補修 译者: 陳金生 / 梁運華 點校 中華書局 1986
《宋元学案(共4册)(精)》是了解和研究我国宋元时代学术思想史的必读参考书,书中全面而详细地记述了当时的学派源流,介绍了各派的学说思想并略加论断,收录范围广,著作选录多,史料考证精,在一定程度上打破宗派门户之见,注意到各家宗旨。《宋元学案》,共100卷,最早为明末清初黄宗羲整理。康熙十五年(1676年)黄宗羲完成《明儒学案》后续修此书,仅成17卷并序而卒,其子黄百家续作,又成8卷,后由私淑弟子全祖望于乾隆十二年至二十年(1747年—1755年)补述,成91学案,也未竟而卒,后来底稿归勤县卢氏抱经堂(人卢月船手)、残本归宿愿蒋氏。宗羲六世孙黄征、七世孙黄直垕又补充为86卷,道光年间流入浙江学政陈少宗手。道光十八年(1838年)王梓材、冯云濠受督学何凌汉委托,整认讹钟,始成100卷。成91学案,共记宋元学者超过2000人。道光十八年(1838年)刊于浙江,却毁于鸦片战争,光绪五年(1879年)张汝霖再次主导,翻刻于长沙,成通行的100卷《宋元学案》,从草创到成书、刊印、通行,前后历经200余年。此书为初步了解宋、元二代理学家、哲学家的生平,思想大要,全书首冠《考略》,历叙成书始末,次《序录》,次学案正文。并节录了宋、元二代诸儒思想的文章。
《宋元学案(共4册)(精)》虽然是根据黄宗萎确定的思路和框架编写而成的,但黄宗羲本人完成的书稿并不多,他对宋元学术的认识以及对当时学者的评价,远没有充分地反映出来。而后续者的思想和识见,又显然没有黄宗羲深刻,因此,在《宋元学案(共4册)(精)》中,类似《明儒学案》那种深入和有点睛之笔的精彩评论较少,其主要价值体现在对资料的搜集、甄别、整理和保存方面。
欧阳修全集(全6册) 豆瓣
作者: 欧阳修 / 李逸安 点校 中华书局 2001 - 3
《歐陽脩全集(全6册)》内容简介:欧阳修(2007——1072),字永叔,号醉翁,晚年又号六一居士,吉州永丰人。北宋著名的政治家和杰出的文学家。他一生经历了真宗、仁宗、英宗、神宗四朝。不仅亲身参与了许多重大政治活动,而且广泛涉足于史学、经学、文学理论批评、金石学、目录学等领域,在诸门学科中都颇有建树,表现出了多方面的学识和才华。尤其是他对宋代诗文革新运动的卓越贡献,更奠定了他划时代、开风气、雄踞一代文坛的领袖地位。
本集选用了清嘉庆二十四年欧阳修衡编校本作为底,不仅仅是考虑到个本子收文多、流传广、影响大,更重要的是因为它校刻精审,改正了别本的许多错误。
This Time Is Different 豆瓣
所属 作品: 这次不一样
作者: Carmen M. Reinhart / Kenneth Rogoff Princeton University Press 2009 - 9
The authors use copious amounts of data ... to make the compelling case that any well-informed person should have seen the Great Recession coming. The essence of their book is that while financial crises come in different varieties, they are not mysteriously born of undersea earthquakes, but frequently occurring events that can be spotted and even controlled if politicians and regulators know what to look for. -- Devin Leonard New York Times Reinhart and Rogoff have compiled an impressive database, which covers eight centuries of government debt defaults from around the world. They have also collected statistics on inflation rates from every country where information is available and on banking crises and international capital flows over the past couple of centuries. This lengthy historical study gives what they call a 'panoramic view' of the unending cycle of boom and bust, showing how claims that 'this time is different' are invariably proven wrong... This Time Is Different doesn't simply explain what went wrong in our most recent crisis. This book also provides a roadmap of how things are likely to pan out in the years to come... This Time Is Different is an important addition to the literature of financial history. -- Edward Chancellor Wall Street Journal Professor Rogoff and his longtime collaborator Carmen Reinhart ... know more about the history of financial crises than anyone alive. The pair have just published their broad survey of financial crises, This Time is Different. In an era when most 'analysts' rely on maybe 30 or 40 years' worth of financial history--and then only that of the U.S.--the authors' knowledge of financial crises and government bond defaults going back to the Spanish empire and before offers a richer perspective. -- Brett Arends Wall Street Journal [E]ssential reading ... both for its originality and for the sobering patterns of financial behaviour it reveals. Economist The four most dangerous words in finance are 'this time is different.' Thanks to this masterpiece by Carmen Reinhart at the University of Maryland and Kenneth Rogoff of Harvard, no one can doubt this again... The authors have put an immense amount of work into collecting the data financial institutions needed if they were to have any chance of making quantitative risk management work. -- Martin Wolf Financial Times Everyone working on economic policy should own This Time is Different and open it for a bracing blast of sobriety when things seem to be going well. -- Greg Ip Washington Post [A] fine new history of financial debacles. -- Daniel Gross Newsweek Wouldn't it be nice to have $1,000 for every time a pundit proclaims an era of endless prosperity, consigning booms and busts to the dumpster of history? The next time you hear that canard (and you will) pour yourself a single malt and dip into Carmen M. Reinhart and Kenneth S. Rogoff's landmark study, This Time Is Different. Wherever you open the book, you'll find proof that debt-fueled expansions have ended in financial ruin for hundreds of years... The result is a visual history laid out in beguilingly simple graphs and tables, making the book both definitive--a must read for professors and investors--and accessible to a wider audience. -- James Pressley Bloomberg News Carmen Reinhart and Kenneth Rogoff have delivered a powerful and eloquent statement... Reinhart and Rogoff have done an extraordinary job in putting together statistics on government debt--a task that economic historians should have done long ago but shied away from because of the difficulties of defining 'government', which is often complex and multi-layered. -- Harold James The American Interest Unlike prior narrative accounts of market panics from such finance writers as Charles Kindleberger and Edward Chancellor, Reinhart and Rogoff give us a data-driven study that is global in sweep but also a model of clarity. The authors package their notably nonhysterical analysis of the latest crisis in a large, self-contained section of the book inviting harried readers to skip right ahead to it. -- Daniel Akst CNNMoney.com A tour de force of quantitative analysis covering financial crises affecting 66 countries over the past 800 years, the book identifies pre-crisis patterns that recur with eerie consistency. This Time is Different is a must-read for anyone on the lookout for canaries in coal mines. Barron's This is certainly one of the must-read books of the year. -- Arnold Kling Econlog.com Rogoff and Reinhart ... provide an eye-opening look at the cycles of boom and bust and how governments deal with those cycles. Arkansas Business [A] valuable new book. Idaho Statesman Having studied mountains of economic data during the past eight centuries, the authors insightfully point out the highly repetitive nature of financial crises resulted from a dangerous mix of hubris, euphoria and amnesia. Shanghai Daily
Manias, Panics, and Crashes 豆瓣
所属 作品: 疯狂、惊恐和崩溃
作者: Charles P. Kindleberger / Robert Aliber Wiley 2005 - 10
在线阅读本书
Manias, Panics, and Crashes, Fifth Edition is an engaging and entertaining account of the way that mismanagement of money and credit has led to financial explosions over the centuries. Covering such topics as the history and anatomy of crises, speculative manias, and the lender of last resort, this book puts the turbulence of the financial world in perspective. The updated fifth edition expands upon each chapter, and includes two new chapters focusing on significant financial crises of the last fifteen years.
西线无战事 豆瓣
Im Westen nichts Neues 所属 作品: 西线无战事
9.6 (9 个评分) 作者: [德]埃里希·玛丽亚·雷马克 译者: 李清华 译林出版社 2011 - 4
《西线无战事》是德国现代著名作家埃里希•马里亚•雷马克的代表作品。《西线无战事》讲述的是第一次世界大战期间,主人公保罗和他的三个同学受“保卫祖国、保卫人民”的欺骗宣传上了战场。在战争中他们目睹战争的残酷性和毁灭性,眼看着一个个战友相继死亡,他们的英雄主义幻想破产了,内心发生了变化,开始对战争怀疑、厌恶甚至憎恨。这部小说是一战时期被毁火的德国青年一代的控诉书,作品的成功之处在于它以异乎寻常的真实、毫不留情地揭开了这场所谓神圣的、美丽的战争的面纱,表现了极为鲜明的反战主题。这本书一出版就引起无与伦比的轰动效应,先后被译成29种文字,销量高达800万册,尤其受到当地青年的热烈欢迎。
China's Great Economic Transformation 豆瓣
所属 作品: 伟大的中国经济转型
作者: Loren Brandt / Thomas G. Rawski eds. Cambridge University Press 2008 - 4
This landmark 2008 study provides an integrated analysis of China's unexpected economic boom of the past three decades. The authors combine deep China expertise with broad disciplinary knowledge to explain China's remarkable combination of high-speed growth and deeply flawed institutions. Their work exposes the mechanisms underpinning the origin and expansion of China's great boom. Penetrating studies track the rise of Chinese capabilities in manufacturing and in research and development. The editors probe both achievements and weaknesses across many sectors, including China's fiscal, legal, and financial institutions. The book shows how an intricate minuet combining China's political system with sectorial development, globalization, resource transfers across geographic and economic space, and partial system reform delivered an astonishing and unprecedented growth spurt.