本书以“宋学”为核心，深入探讨了宋学产生的时代背景及发展的各个阶段，揭示了宋学若干重大主题和以议论精神为主的宋学基本精神，论述了宋学与宗教哲学、文学艺术以及科学技术等等北宋文化各层面之间的相互关系，展现了北宋社会文化中无所不在的宋学及其时代精神。

In 1654 Zen Master Yinyuan traveled from China to Japan. Seven years later his monastery, Manpukuji, was built and he had founded a new tradition, called Obaku. In this sequel to his 2008 book, Enlightenment in Dispute, Jiang Wu tells the story of the tremendous obstacles faced by Yinyuan, drawing parallels between his experiences and the broader political and cultural context in which he lived. Yinyuan claimed to have inherited the “Authentic Transmission of the Linji Sect.” After arriving in Japan, he was able to persuade the Shogun to build a new Ming-style monastery for the establishment of his Obaku school. His arrival in Japan coincided with a series of historical developments, including the Ming-Qing transition, the consolidation of early Tokugawa power, the growth of Nagasaki trade, and rising Japanese interests in Chinese learning and artistic pursuits. While Yinyuan’s travel is known in scholarly circles, the significance of his journey within East Asian history has not been fully explored. Leaving for the Rising Sun provides a unique opportunity to reexamine the crisis in the continent and responses from other parts of East Asia. Using Yinyuan’s story as a bridge between China and Japan, Wu demonstrates that the monk’s significance is far greater than the temporary success of a religious sect. Rather, Yinyuan imported to Japan a new discourse of authenticity that gave rise to indigenous movements that challenged, and led to the eventual breakup of, a China-centered world order.

Presents a rich and complex portrait of the Buddhist roots of Zhu Xi's philosophical thought
Provides new perspectives on what Zhu Xi was trying to achieve as a philosopher, by repurposing ideas from Buddhism
Sets a new benchmark for comparative Buddhist and Neo-Confucian philosophical studies

The "Homeric Question" has vexed Classicists for generations. Was the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey a single individual who created the poems at a particular moment in history? Or does the name "Homer" hide the shaping influence of the epic tradition during a long period of oral composition and transmission? In this innovative investigation, Gregory Nagy applies the insights of comparative linguistics and anthropology to offer a new historical model for understanding how, when, where, and why the Iliad and the Odyssey were ultimately preserved as written texts that could be handed down over two millennia. His model draws on the comparative evidence provided by living oral epic traditions, in which each performance of a song often involves a recomposition of the narrative. This evidence suggests that the written texts emerged from an evolutionary process in which composition, performance, and diffusion interacted to create the epics we know as the Iliad and the Odyssey. Sure to challenge orthodox views and provoke lively debate, Nagy's book will be essential reading for all students of oral traditions.

Max van Manen offers an extensive exploration of phenomenological traditions and methods for the human sciences. It is his first comprehensive statement of phenomenological thought and research in over a decade. Phenomenology of practice refers to the meaning and practice of phenomenology in professional contexts such as psychology, education, and health care, as well as to the practice of phenomenological methods in contexts of everyday living. Van Manen presents a detailed description of key phenomenological ideas as they have evolved over the past century; he then thoughtfully works through the methodological issues of phenomenological reflection, empirical methods, and writing that a phenomenology of practice offers to the researcher. Van Manen’s comprehensive work will be of great interest to all concerned with the interrelationship between being and acting in human sciences research and in everyday life.

During the late twelfth to fourteenth centuries, several precursors of what is now commonly known as Shinto came together for the first time. By focusing on Mt. Miwa in present-day Nara Prefecture and examining the worship of indigenous deities (kami) that emerged in its proximity, this book serves as a case study of the key stages of “assemblage” through which this formative process took shape. Previously unknown rituals, texts, and icons featuring kami, all of which were invented in medieval Japan under the strong influence of esoteric Buddhism, are evaluated using evidence from local and translocal ritual and pilgrimage networks, changing land ownership patterns, and a range of religious ideas and practices. These stages illuminate the medieval pedigree of Ryōbu Shintō (kami ritual worship based loosely on esoteric Buddhism’s Two Mandalas), a major precursor to modern Shinto.
In analyzing the key mechanisms for “assembling” medieval forms of kami worship, Andreeva challenges the twentieth-century master narrative of Shinto as an unbroken, monolithic tradition. By studying how and why groups of religious practitioners affiliated with different cultic sites and religious institutions responded to esoteric Buddhism’s teachings, this book demonstrates that kami worship in medieval Japan was a result of complex negotiations.

How has Confucius, quintessentially and symbolically Chinese, been received throughout Japanese history? The Worship of Confucius in Japan provides the first overview of the richly documented and colorful Japanese version of the East Asian ritual to venerate Confucius, known in Japan as the sekiten. The original Chinese political liturgy embodied assumptions about sociopolitical order different from those of Japan. Over more than thirteen centuries, Japanese in power expressed a persistently ambivalent response to the ritual’s challenges and often tended to interpret the ceremony in cultural rather than political terms.
Like many rituals, the sekiten self-referentially reinterpreted earlier versions of itself. James McMullen adopts a diachronic and comparative perspective. Focusing on the relationship of the ritual to political authority in the premodern period, McMullen sheds fresh light on Sino–Japanese cultural relations and on the distinctive political, cultural, and social history of Confucianism in Japan. Successive sections of The Worship of Confucius in Japan trace the vicissitudes of the ceremony through two major cycles of adoption, modification, and decline, first in ancient and medieval Japan, then in the late feudal period culminating in its rejection at the Meiji Restoration. An epilogue sketches the history of the ceremony in the altered conditions of post-Restoration Japan and up to the present.

This book explores the Daoist encounter with modernity through the activities of Chen Yingning (1880-1969), a famous lay Daoist master, and his group in early twentieth-century Shanghai. In contrast to the usual narrative of Daoist decay, with its focus on monastic decline, clerical corruption, and popular superstitions, this study tells a story of Daoist resilience, reinvigoration, and revival. Between the 1920s and 1940s, Chen lead a group of urban lay followers in pursuing Daoist self-cultivation techniques as a way of ensuring health, promoting spirituality, forging cultural self-identity, building community, and strengthening the nation. In their efforts to renew and reform Daoism, Chen and his followers became deeply engaged with nationalism, science, the religious reform movements, the new urban print culture, and other forces of modernity. Since Chen and his fellow practitioners conceived of the Daoist self-cultivation tradition as a public resource, they also transformed it from an 'esoteric' pursuit into a public practice, offering a modernizing society a means of managing the body and the mind and of forging a new cultural, spiritual, and religious identity.

This book documents an Islamic-Confucian school of scholarship that flourished, mostly in the Yangzi Delta, in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Drawing on previously unstudied materials, it reconstructs the network of Muslim scholars responsible for the creation and circulation of a large corpus of Chinese Islamic written material--the so-called Han Kitab. Against the backdrop of the rise of the Manchu Qing dynasty, The Dao of Muhammad shows how the creation of this corpus, and of the scholarly network that supported it, arose in a context of intense dialogue between Muslim scholars, their Confucian social context, and China's imperial rulers.
Overturning the idea that participation in Confucian culture necessitated the obliteration of all other identities, this book offers insight into the world of a group of scholars who felt that their study of the Islamic classics constituted a rightful "school" within the Confucian intellectual landscape. These men were not the first Muslims to master the Chinese Classics. But they were the first to express themselves specifically as Chinese Muslims and to generate foundation myths that made sense of their place both within Islam and within Chinese culture.

By looking at the activities of Taoist clerics in Peking, this book explores the workings of religion as a profession in one Chinese city during a period of dramatic modernization. The author focuses on ordinary religious professionals, most of whom remained obscure temple employees. Although almost forgotten, they were all major actors in urban religious and cultural life.
The clerics at the heart of this study spent their time training disciples, practicing and teaching self-cultivation, performing rituals, and managing temples. Vincent Goossaert shows that these Taoists were neither the socially despised illiterates dismissed in so many studies, nor otherworldly ascetics, but active participants in the religious economy of the city. In exploring exactly what their crucial role was, he addresses the day-to-day life of modern Chinese religion from the perspective of ordinary religious specialists. This approach highlights the social processes, institutions, and networks that transmit religious knowledge and mediate between prestigious religious traditions and the people in the street. In modern Chinese religion, the Taoists are such key actors. Without them, "Taoist ritual" and "Taoist self-cultivation" are just empty words.

Chinese officials put considerable effort into managing the fiscal and legal affairs of their jurisdictions, but they also devoted significant time and energy to performing religious rituals on behalf of the state. This groundbreaking study explores this underappreciated aspect of Chinese political life by investigating rainmaking activities organized or conducted by local officials in the Qing dynasty. Using a wide variety of primary sources, this study explains how and why state rainmaking became a prominent feature of the late imperial religious landscape. It also vividly describes the esoteric, spectacular, and occasionally grotesque techniques officials used to pray for rain. Charting the ways in which rainmaking performances were contested by local communities, this study argues that state rainmaking provided an important venue where the relationship between officials and their constituents was established and maintained. For this reason, the author concludes that official rainmaking was instrumental in constituting state power at the local level. This monograph addresses issues that are central to the study of late imperial Chinese society and culture, including the religious activities of Chinese officials, the nature of state orthodoxy, and the symbolic dimensions of local governance.

Ink landscape painting is a distinctive feature of the Northern Song, and painters of this era produced some of the most celebrated artworks in Chinese history. The Efficacious Landscape addresses how landmark works of this pivotal period first came to be identified as potent symbols of imperial authority and later became objects through which exiled scholars expressed disaffection and dissent. In fulfilling these diverse roles, landscape demonstrated its efficacy in communicating through embodiment and in transcending the limitations of the concrete.
Building on decades of monographic writings on Song painting, this carefully researched study presents a syncretic vision of how ink landscape evolved within the eleventh-century court community of artists, scholars, and aristocrats. Detailed visual analyses of surviving works and new insight about key landscapes by the court painter Guo Xi support the perspective put forward here and introduce original methodologies for interpreting painting as an integral element of political and cultural history. By focusing on the efforts of emperors, empresses, and eunuchs to cultivate ink landscape and its iconography, this investigation also tackles the social and class dichotomies that have long defined and frustrated existing scholarship on this period’s paintings, highlighting instead the interconnectedness of painting practice’s elite modalities.

We live in a world shaped by secularism - the separation of numinous power from political authority and religion from the political, social, and economic realms of public life. Not only has progress toward modernity often been equated with secularization, but when religion is admitted into modernity, it has been distinguished from superstition. That such ideas are continually contested does not undercut their extraordinary influence. These divisions underpin this investigation of the role of religion in the construction of modernity and political power during the Nanjing Decade (1927-1937) of Nationalist rule in China. This book explores the modern recategorization of religious practices and people and examines how state power affected the religious lives and physical order of local communities. It also looks at how politicians conceived of their own ritual role in an era when authority was meant to derive from popular sovereignty. The claims of secular nationalism and mobilizational politics prompted the Nationalists to conceive of the world of religious association as a dangerous realm of 'superstition' that would destroy the nation. This is the first 'superstitious regime' of the book's title. It also convinced them that national feeling and faith in the party-state would replace those ties - the second 'superstitious regime'.

《解读禁忌:中国神话、传说和故事中的禁忌主题》共有5章，其中包括：“禁忌主题结构形态的类型及比较”、“十种禁忌主题个案的文化解读”等。

自序：古之所謂禮，本指祭祀鬼神之事，隨社會發展，禮之範圍逐步擴大，由祭祀之禮而及于人倫之各種规範，再而至于有關政教之典章制度。今試以《儀禮》、《周禮》及大小戴《禮記》所涉及之内容觀之，則天子侯國建制、疆域劃分、政法文教、禮樂兵刑、赋役財用、冠昏喪祭、服飾膳食、宫室卓馬、農商醫卜、天文律曆、工藝製作，可謂應有盡有，無所不包。其範圍之廣，與今日“文化”之概念相比，或有過之而無不及。是以三禮之學，貴即研究上古文化史之學．前人“六經皆史”之說，禮書可為明證。
三禮及《大戴禮記》其成書之時代，有前有後，内容又桠複雜，其中一小部分不免攙有儒家之設想。但就其極大部分而言，則為記述當時或前人所行之禮制。如書申述職官、祭祀、聘問諸事，每與《書》、《詩》、《左傳》、《國語》及其他古籍相合。至于考古出土文物，亦均可與禮書相印證。可見三禮所載，决非憑空虚構，實有所本。如學者善于取擇，則三禮確為考訂上古文化史實之重要資料。
《儀禮》、《周禮》及大小戴《禮記》，其文約二十四萬字，在十三經中略次于《春秋三傳》，而其文簡奥，時代跨越之長，串節之繁缛，決非其他古籍可以倫比。故前人謂“累世不能通，當年不能究”。季剛先生曾總結治禮之難，其故有四：一曰，古書殘缺；二曰，古制茫昧；三曰，古文簡奥；四曰，異說纷紜。是為確論。
三禮之學肇于康成，鄭氏兼注三禮，校古今文異文，網羅舊注，博綜裹長。三禮自有鄭注，後人乃能卒讀。鄭氏為《三禮目錄》，而三禮之名亦由此始。《大戴禮記》鄭未及注，在三 禮之外，即若存若亡，後竟殘缺其半。鄭氏之後，唐陸德明為《釋文》，孔颖達、賈公彦作疏，均能搜集舊說，申張注義。宋元禮學，亦有創新之處。如聶崇義採舊圖為《三禮固集註》，其後楊復《儀禮圄》，朱熹《儀禮經傳通解》，李如圭《儀禮釋宫》等，開後來繪圖、釋例、考釋名物之先。清代學者，崇尚考據、訓詁之學，于禮學尤為重視，咸有新疏，每種多至十數家。其考釋經記，補正注疏，往往超越前人，大有裨于後學。
三禮及《大戴禮記》，本文約二十四萬字，其後鄭注、唐人疏，清人新疏，以及歷代考釋三禮之重要著作，不下千餘卷，將幾千萬字。卷帙浩繁，檢索貴難。爰依辭書之例，摘錄三禮及《大戴禮記》中有關制度、典章、禮儀、名物等專用詞語，約五千條，加以詮釋，竣錄原文及有關注釋及考證，凡《詩》、《書》、《左傅》等古籍及考古出土文物，有足互證者，亦錄而通釋，附以插圖，定名為《三禮辭典》。此書或有助于研究上古文化史之學者。

“中国民间崇拜文化”丛书共四册，分别是《佛界百佛》《道界百仙》《冥界百鬼》《民间百神》，是中国著名晚清史学者徐彻先生研究佛仙鬼神的代表作。文字干净、生动、典雅，给人带来读小说的愉悦。这套书或许不能算是开创性的著作，但对一百个佛仙鬼神的记录，不仅在古书的基础上作了大的补充，还写出了自己的味道，在当下极为稀有，可称为无二之作。《道界百仙》列创世神、天尊神、星宿神、游仙神、真人神、护法神、佑民神、居家神、山泽神和匠作神等共一百仙。

本书是作者在发表的与六朝隋唐时期道教有关的论文基础上进一步思考而形成的专著，分为“导论”、“《上清大洞真经三十九章》研究”、“《汉武帝内传》研究”、“《真诰》研究”、“《三天内解经》研究”、“《三洞奉道科诫经》研究”等六章，是对六朝隋唐时期的道教生态的较为系统研究。

本书收录文章多属文献学研究性质，对于道教经典文献之考察，则基于反思道教思想史的问题意识。其中讨论陆修静如何运用《道德经》改革灵宝斋仪，而《玉皇经》年代的考证，则涉及玉皇信仰的流行现象。具有争议性的《养性延命录》作者权，透过分析比对新资料与文本，应当归属于孙思邈。藉由考察唐初潘师正《道门经法相承次序》之体例与内容，做为一部道教辞典，展现其道教思想史的深刻意义。关于《坐忘论》的探抉，厘清道藏本《坐忘论》是唐初赵志坚所作，而非习称的司马承祯。对于《灵宝毕法》的基础研究外，同时触及先后天八卦问题。书末附录汉至唐四十一位道德经注家的辑佚资料。

本书选取宋代礼制与基层社会控制为研究对象，力图以唐宋社会变革为大背景，从礼制文化角度出发，研究宋代的社会控制方式的变革，并探讨宋代国家权力与基层社会之间的互动关系，以期深化对宋代社会历史的认识。
本书分为绪论、正文、结语三大部分，其中正文可以分为上下两篇，各部分内容如下： 绪论首先提出了问题。唐宋社会转型不仅表现在政治、经济、文化、社会生活之上，而且也表现在社会控制方式的变革，唐代以前国家对基层社会控制是通过门阀士族这一中间阶层而不直接面对基层社会，宋代门阀世族解体后，新兴地庶族地主阶级本身处于变动不居中，无法作了一个整体控制基层社会，面对这一变局，国家采取建立礼制文化网络的方式直接控制基层社会，而基层社会文化精英也采用礼制方式进行自控。研究这一控制方式对于理解宋代社会政治与宋代社会在相对尖锐的阶级矛盾与民族冲突中长期存在并得以在文化史上超越汉唐有着十分重要的意义。其次，对宋代社会控制方面的研究及有关礼制研究成果进行分类介绍，并指出了研究的不足。最后，对本论文的学理依据与结构作了说明。主要介绍了社会控制理论及其特点，交待了本文的文章布局结构等。