“神学”发端于12—13世纪人们探索宇宙奥秘的乐趣，本是为超自然知识领域保留的术语。但在16—17世纪，大量自然哲学家和世俗人对神学经典论题的讨论，使得科学与神学以全新的方式结合在一种话语模式中，“神学关切以世俗化的术语表达，而科学的关切则以神学术语表达。神学与其他科学几乎成为同一个领域”。由此形成了一种看待神圣事物的独特方式，即“世俗神学”。后者虽然只短暂存在了一个世纪，却产生了深远的影响。
《神学与科学的想象》是犹太思想史家阿摩斯·冯肯斯坦一生阅读与思考的结晶。全书细致考察了早期现代科学理念在中世纪的形而上学基础，讨论16—17世纪的“世俗神学”对后世科学、社会学与历史观念的影响。作者以独到的问题意识和视角，将人们耳熟能详的各个思想史片段整合为一幅全面的思想史图景。

作为西方思想史上不能绕过的哲学家，托马斯•霍布斯以他的机械唯物主义、“自然状态”和国家起源说著称，1651年出版的《利维坦》一书，被誉为西方政治哲学奠基之作。
然而本书旨在揭示，霍布斯的思考并不止于政治哲学，要为其伦理-政治哲学的诸多论述找到一个更为终极的“道”，必须返归霍布斯的形而上学，这一方向的研究，在整个霍布斯研究当中相当欠缺。本书作者富有洞见地揭明，《利维坦》《论公民》《论人》等作品讨论的伦理-政治问题，其实是以霍布斯独特的分离的形而上学为基础——分离的形而上学关涉人与世界关系的新定义，涵盖从感觉理论到对语言推理的高层次论述的所有内容。作者由此出发，重新将霍布斯的全部作品纳入考量，发现霍布斯思想引发的对真理概念的重新思考，也就是对感知、言语与构成其自然哲学和政治哲学前景的世界之间的关系的重新思考，从而得出贯穿于霍布斯作品中的、主导伦理-政治问题之展开的思辨结构，将霍布斯重新写入形而上学史中。这样做的目的不是降低其作品在政治和历史上的重要性，也不是降低其在英国内战史上的地位，而是要揭示霍布斯原始理论基础的内在结构。
《霍布斯的形而上学决断》是法国当代著名哲学家扎卡的代表作，是西方霍布斯学界的典范性著作，首版于1987年，1999年再版；曾于1988年获得法国国家科学研究院（CNRS）铜质奖章。

Assuming no previous study in logic, this informal yet rigorous text covers the material of a standard undergraduate first course in mathematical logic, using natural deduction and leading up to the completeness theorem for first-order logic. At each stage of the text, the reader is given an intuition based on standard mathematical practice, which is subsequently developed with clean formal mathematics. Alongside the practical examples, readers learn what can and can't be calculated; for example the correctness of a derivation proving a given sequent can be tested mechanically, but there is no general mechanical test for the existence of a derivation proving the given sequent. The undecidability results are proved rigorously in an optional final chapter, assuming Matiyasevich's theorem characterising the computably enumerable relations. Rigorous proofs of the adequacy and completeness proofs of the relevant logics are provided, with careful attention to the languages involved. Optional sections discuss the classification of mathematical structures by first-order theories; the required theory of cardinality is developed from scratch. Throughout the book there are notes on historical aspects of the material, and connections with linguistics and computer science, and the discussion of syntax and semantics is influenced by modern linguistic approaches. Two basic themes in recent cognitive science studies of actual human reasoning are also introduced. Including extensive exercises and selected solutions, this text is ideal for students in Logic, Mathematics, Philosophy, and Computer Science.

This book is designed to explain the technical ideas that are taken for granted in much contemporary philosophical writing. Notions like "denumerability," "modal scope distinction," "Bayesian conditionalization," and "logical completeness" are usually only elucidated deep within difficult specialist texts. By offering simple explanations that by-pass much irrelevant and boring detail, Philosophical Devices is able to cover a wealth of material that is normally only available to specialists.
The book contains four sections, each of three chapters. The first section is about sets and numbers, starting with the membership relation and ending with the generalized continuum hypothesis. The second is about analyticity, a prioricity, and necessity. The third is about probability, outlining the difference between objective and subjective probability and exploring aspects of conditionalization and correlation. The fourth deals with metalogic, focusing on the contrast between syntax and semantics, and finishing with a sketch of Godel's theorem.
Philosophical Devices will be useful for university students who have got past the foothills of philosophy and are starting to read more widely, but it does not assume any prior expertise. All the issues discussed are intrinsically interesting, and often downright fascinating. It can be read with pleasure and profit by anybody who is curious about the technical infrastructure of contemporary philosophy.
Features
A clear, concise explanation of key technical ideas in philosophy
An invaluable resource for students
Stimulating and entertaining--works to improve the reader's argumentative skills
No prior knowledge assumed--will be of interest to anyone who wants to understand contemporary philosophy

第二次世界大战之后，德国仅出现过四部1000页以上的哲学巨著，即马丁•海德格尔的两卷本《尼采》（1961）、尼古莱•哈特曼的《自然哲学》、卡尔•雅斯贝斯的《论真理》（1947）和恩斯特•布洛赫的《希望的原理》（1959）。在流 亡美国期间（1938-1947），布洛赫十年磨一剑，撰写了三卷本《希望的原理》，表达了他对一个没有剥削、压迫和异化的世界的希望。《希望的原理》一书的主旨是，阐明人类精神史的中心在于预先推定一个更美好生活的梦，即一个没有剥削、贫困和压迫的社会制度，而作为人类学-存在论范畴的“希望”（Hoffnung）集中体现了人类走向更美好未来的意图。
《希望的原理》一书的价值在于，它不仅是一部关于人类梦想和希望的百科全书，也是一部马克思主义传统的创新之作，极大地丰富了20世纪唯物主义思想，拓宽了马克思主义的“人性”研究领域。

《城邦与人》是施特劳斯的代表作，堪称其诠释学范本。全书以提纲挈领的“导论”开宗明义，接下来三章分别论述亚里士多德《政治学》、柏拉图《理想国》、修昔底德《伯罗奔半岛人与雅典人的战争》（《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》）。
施特劳斯将现代人的困境，作为自己专致于古典作品的动力。他认为回归古典政治哲学既是必要的，也是尝试性的或实验性的：虽然古典作品陈述并阐明的古典原则并不能直接适用于现代社会，但恰当理解古典作品所阐明的那些原则，对于恰当分析当今社会的独特性，并明智地将那些原则应用于我们的任务来说，或许是一个必不可少的起点。

"The City and Man" consists of provocative essays by the late Leo Strauss on Aristotle's "Politics, " Plato's "Republic," and Thucydides' "Peloponnesian Wars." Together, the essays constitute a brilliant attempt to use classical political philosophy as a means of liberating modern political philosophy from the strangehold of ideology. The essays are based on a long and intimate familiarity with the works, but the essay on Aristotle is especially important as one of Strauss's few writings on the philosopher who largely shaped Strauss's conception of antiquity. The essay on Plato is a full-scale discussion of Platonic political philosophy, wide in scope yet compact in execution. When discussing Thucydides, Strauss scceeds not only in presenting the historian as a moral thinker of high rank, but in drawing his thought into the orbit of philosophy, and thus indicating a relation of history and philosophy that does not presuppose the absorption of philosphy by history.

Throughout the history of science and technology, objects have been understood in many ways but rarely have they been understood to play an active role in the production of knowledge. This has led to largely anthropocentric theories and histories of science, which treat nature as passive objects viewed by independent observers. Thomas Nail approaches the theory of objects historically in order to tell a completely new story in which objects themselves are the true agents of scientific knowledge. They are processes, not things. It is the first history of science and technology, from prehistory to the present, to illuminate the agency, knowledge and mobility of objects.

-编辑推荐-
★ 2013年，七十高龄的法国著名哲学家雅克•朗西埃到国内诸多知名高校巡回演讲，掀起了一波学术研究的热潮。近十年来，他的主要著作已在国内大量出版。如何消化并吸收这位至今仍笔耕不辍的写作者的所思所想，成为了摆在国内学人面前的重要课题。
★ 本书汇集了国际学术界重要的朗西埃研究者所写的专题文章，力求全面梳理朗西埃在过去四十多年的著作中所发展的关键概念。
★ 这些概念闪耀在朗西埃著作的字里行间，有待大家去发现他思想丰富和精深的内涵。
-内容简介-
本书从哲学、政治、诗学和美学四个部分系统地回顾了朗西埃的思想历程：从早期对激进平等的肯定，到将这一基本的“公理”运用于社会科学的诸多方面（如劳工运动的历史和社会学、历史学、教育学、政治学）。他最近十年间出版的一系列具有重要影响的著作（《歧义》、《电影寓言》、《影像的命运》）也是本书的主要着墨点。朗西埃的兴趣横跨人文社会科学诸多领域，他是这些领域的研究者和学习者无法绕开的一个重要思想资源，本书对朗西埃每个关键概念的深入分析为他们提供了一个理想的参照点。

- 编辑推荐 -
★米歇尔·福柯：“我认为自己更像是一位实验者，而不是一名理论家。”
★这一事实愈发为时间所证明：福柯非体系、非传统的思想实验是对我们时代卓有成效的检验，如果未能理解福柯，我们甚至不能理解自己的生死爱欲。
★权力（power）、自由（freedom）、主体性（subjectivity），十二位福柯研究专家经由这三大关键概念涉入福柯思想的腹地，全面解析福柯留下的丰富思想遗产，为我们勾勒出理解福柯——理解我们自己的线索。在思想地图的意义上，本书真正做到了深入浅出，给出了深刻而明晰的指引。
★米歇尔·福柯：“据我所信，人类存在的意义之一——人类的自由之源——是绝不接受任何确定无疑、不可触碰、显而易见、稳固不变的东西。现实的任何方面都不应成为束缚我们的权威和非人道的律令。”
- 内容简介 -
权力（power）、自由（freedom）、主体性（subjectivity），十二位福柯研究专家经由这三大关键概念涉入福柯思想的腹地，全面解析福柯留下的丰富思想遗产，为我们勾勒出理解福柯——理解我们自己的线索。在思想地图的意义上，本书真正做到了深入浅出，给出了深刻而明晰的指引。
本书由一篇《导论》和三个部分（共计十二章）组成，辅之以精练的生平年表和详尽的参考文献。
本书重申福柯的现实意义：促使人们去质疑貌似“必然如此”的当下境况，由此而敞开主体存在的丰富可能。在此基础上，本书强调，对“权力”、“自由”和“主体性”这三个环环相扣的概念加以深入思考和再度阐释，将成为建构新的思考和行动方式，进而对种种“支配”与“压抑”加以抵抗的最重要路径。

Although every town in France has a street named for Pasteur, was he alone able to stop people from spitting, persuade them to dig drains, influence them to undergo vaccination? Pasteur's success depended upon a whole network of forces, including the public hygiene movement, the medical profession (both military physicians and private practitioners), and colonial interests. It is the operation of these forces, in combination with the talent of Pasteur, that Bruno Latour sets before us as a prime example of science in action.

Alfred North Whitehead has never gone out of print, but for a time he was decidedly out of fashion in the English-speaking world. In a splendid work that serves as both introduction and erudite commentary, Isabelle Stengers--one of today's leading philosophers of science--goes straight to the beating heart of Whitehead's thought. The product of thirty years' engagement with the mathematician-philosopher's entire canon, this volume establishes Whitehead as a daring thinker on par with Gilles Deleuze, Felix Guattari, and Michel Foucault. Reading the texts in broadly chronological order while highlighting major works, Stengers deftly unpacks Whitehead's often complicated language, explaining the seismic shifts in his thinking and showing how he called into question all that philosophers had considered settled after Descartes and Kant. She demonstrates that the implications of Whitehead's philosophical theories and specialized knowledge of the various sciences come yoked with his innovative, revisionist take on God. Whitehead's God exists within a specific epistemological realm created by a radically complex and often highly mathematical language. "To think with Whitehead today," Stengers writes, "means to sign on in advance to an adventure that will leave none of the terms we normally use as they were."

Modern philosophy of science has paid great attention to the understanding of scientific "practice, " in contrast to the earlier concentration on scientific "method." Paul Feyerabend's acclaimed work, which has contributed greatly to this new emphasis, shows the deficiencies of some widespread ideas about the nature of knowledge. He argues that the only feasible explanations of scientific successes are historical explanations, and that anarchism must now replace rationalism in the theory of knowledge.

In this volume, Maher contextualizes the work of a group of contemporary analytic philosophers-The Pittsburgh School-whose work is characterized by an interest in the history of philosophy and a commitment to normative functionalism, or the insight that to identify something as a manifestation of conceptual capacities is to place it in a space of norms. Wilfrid Sellars claimed that humans are distinctive because they occupy a norm-governed "space of reasons." Along with Sellars, Robert Brandom and John McDowell have tried to work out the implications of that idea for understanding knowledge, thought, norms, language, and intentional action. The aim of this book is to introduce their shared views on those topics, while also charting a few key disputes between them.

Modern philosophy finds it difficult to give a satisfactory picture of the place of minds in the world. In "Mind and World", based on the 1991 John Locke Lectures, John McDowell offers his diagnosis of this difficulty and points to a cure. He illustrates a major problem of modern philosophy - the insidious persistence of dualism - in his discussion of empirical thought. Much as we would like to conceive empirical thought as rationally grounded in experience, pitfalls await anyone who tries to articulate this position, and McDowell exposes these traps by exploiting the work of contemporary philosophers from Wilfrid Sellars to Donald Davidson. These difficulties, he contends, reflect an understandable - but surmountable - failure to see how we might integrate what Sellars calls "the logical space of reasons" into the natural world. What underlies this impasse is a conception of nature that has certain attractions for the modern age, a conception that McDowell proposes to put aside, thus circumventing these philosophical difficulties. By returning to a pre-modern conception of nature but retaining the intellectual advance of modernity that has mistakenly been viewed as dislodging it, he makes room for a fully satisfying conception of experience as a rational openness to independent reality. This approach also overcomes other obstacles that impede a generally satisfying understanding of how we are placed in the world.

The most important work by one of America's greatest twentieth-century philosophers, Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind is both the epitome of Wilfrid Sellars' entire philosophical system and a key document in the history of philosophy. First published in essay form in 1956, it helped bring about a sea change in analytic philosophy. It broke the link, which had bound Russell and Ayer to Locke and Hume--the doctrine of "knowledge by acquaintance." Sellars' attack on the Myth of the Given in Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind was a decisive move in turning analytic philosophy away from the foundationalist motives of the logical empiricists and raised doubts about the very idea of "epistemology."
With an introduction by Richard Rorty to situate the work within the history of recent philosophy, and with a study guide by Robert Brandom, this publication of Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind makes a difficult but indisputably significant figure in the development of analytic philosophy clear and comprehensible to anyone who would understand that philosophy or its history.

Translated and with an Introduction by Daniel W. Smith
Afterword by Tom Conley
Gilles Deleuze had several paintings by Francis Bacon hanging in his Paris apartment, and the painter’s method and style as well as his motifs of seriality, difference, and repetition influenced Deleuze’s work. This first English translation shows us one of the most original and important French philosophers of the twentieth century in intimate confrontation with one of that century’s most original and important painters.
In considering Bacon, Deleuze offers implicit and explicit insights into the origins and development of his own philosophical and aesthetic ideas, ideas that represent a turning point in his intellectual trajectory. First published in French in 1981, Francis Bacon has come to be recognized as one of Deleuze’s most significant texts in aesthetics. Anticipating his work on cinema, the baroque, and literary criticism, the book can be read not only as a study of Bacon’s paintings but also as a crucial text within Deleuze’s broader philosophy of art.
In it, Deleuze creates a series of philosophical concepts, each of which relates to a particular aspect of Bacon’s paintings but at the same time finds a place in the “general logic of sensation.” Illuminating Bacon’s paintings, the nonrational logic of sensation, and the act of painting itself, this work—presented in lucid and nuanced translation—also points beyond painting toward connections with other arts such as music, cinema, and literature. Francis Bacon is an indispensable entry point into the conceptual proliferation of Deleuze’s philosophy as a whole.
Gilles Deleuze (1925–1995) was professor of philosophy at the University of Paris, Vincennes–St. Denis. He coauthored Anti-Oedipus and A Thousand Plateaus with Félix Guattari. These works, as well as Cinema 1, Cinema 2, The Fold, Proust and Signs, and others, are published in English by Minnesota.
Daniel W. Smith teaches in the Department of Philosophy at Purdue University.

This brilliant exposition of the critique of identity is a classic in contemporary philosophy and one of Deleuze's most important works. Of fundamental importance to literary critics and philosophers,Difference and Repetition develops two central concepts--pure difference and complex repetition--a;and shows how the two concepts are related. While difference implies divergence and decentering, repetition is associated with displacement and disguising. Central in initiating the shift in French thought away from Hegel and Marx toward Nietzsche and Freud, Difference and Repetition moves deftly to establish a fundamental critique of Western metaphysics.